| 1. |
- Thorsson, Sofia, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Adapting cities to climate induced risks - a coordinated approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: Climate and Construction. ; , s. 173-180
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an era of changing climate there is a growing interest to create resilient cities, which can absorb and manage climate induce risks, such as heat waves and natural hazards (flooding, landslides etc). The increased frequencies and magnitudes of these climate hazards are expected to have a major impact on society. In order to maintain risks to society at acceptable levels, measures to reduce the vulnerability need to be taken. Such measures may, however, have significant non-expected and non-wanted impacts elsewhere on society. The need of holistic planning strategies becomes apparent. The overall aim of this new transdisciplinary research project is to develop knowledge and methods that enable an integrated assessment of the impact of climate induced risks on society. The free-port area in Gothenburg, Sweden, will has been selected for a case study that will sharpen both the individual scientific methods and the interdisciplinary and intersectoral cooperation and integration. The project brings together experts in urban climate, atmospheric science, natural risk assessment, stratified vulnerability and multi-criteria analyses with local city planners in an integrated research effort. Strategic plans for climate adaptation will be developed and proposed. The stakeholder involvement will promote transfer of knowledge and applicability of results.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Björn O, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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A Modified TAB Model for Simulation of Atomization in Rotary Bell Spray Painting
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Automation. - 2163-2413. ; 3:2, s. 54-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rotary bell spray applicator technique is commonly used in the automotive industry for paint application because of its high transfer efficiency and high-quality result. The bell spins rapidly around its axis with a tangential velocity at the edge in the order of 100 m/s. The paint falls off the edge and enters the air with a large relative velocity, driving the atomization into small droplets where the resulting size distribution depends on the process conditions. Especially the rotation speed of the bell is an important parameter governing the size distribution. The main research question in this work is to investigate if the Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) model can be used to predict the resulting droplet size distributions in spray painting. As the paint is a viscous fluid a modification of the TAB model taking non-linear effects of large viscosity into account is proposed. The parameters in the breakup model are tuned by optimization to match droplet size distributions obtained in CFD simulations with measured ones. Results are presented for three cases with rotation speeds from 30 to 50 thousand RPM where the full droplet size distributions are compared with measurements. Good results are obtained for all three cases where the simulated size distributions compare well to measurements over a wide range of droplet sizes. The TAB method is able to quantitatively predict the result of the breakup process and can be used in a preprocessing stage of a full spray painting simulation, thereby reducing the need for costly and cumbersome measurements.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Björn O, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Modified TAB Model for Viscous Fluids applied to Breakup in Rotary Bell Spray Painting
- 2012
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Ingår i: ICLASS 2012 - 12th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) model is applied to droplet breakup in rotary bell spray painting commonly used in the automotive industry. The bell spins rapidly around its axis with a tangential velocity at the edge in the order of 100 m/s. The paint falls off the edge and enters the air with a large relative velocity, driving the atomization. The paint is a viscous fluid and a modification of the TAB model taking non-linear effects of large viscosity into account is described. The parameters in the breakup model are tuned to match droplet size distributions obtained in CFD simulations with measured ones. Results are presented for three cases with rotation speeds from 30 to 50 thousand RPM where the full droplet size distributions are compared with measurements. Good results are obtained for all three cases where the simulated size distributions compare well to measurements over a wide range of droplet sizes. The obtained results can be used in a preprocessing stage of a full spray painting simulation thereby reducing the need for costly and cumbersome measurements.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Staffan, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of egg yolk testosterone on growth and immunity in a precocial bird
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Evolutionary Biology. - : Wiley. - 1010-061X. ; 17:3, s. 501-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In oviparous vertebrates, maternal steroid allocation to eggs can have important fitness consequences for the offspring. However, elevated testosterone levels are not only associated with beneficial postnatal effects, such as enhanced growth and high social status, but may also entail costs by suppressing the immune system. In this study, testosterone levels in eggs of Chinese painted quail (Coturnix chinensis) were experimentally manipulated to evaluate its effects on growth and immunocompetence. Testosterone did not affect embryonic development, body size or growth during the first 20 days. However, elevated testosterone levels during embryonic development were immunosuppressive for chicks with inherently higher growth rate. Adaptive scenarios where only beneficial effects of increased testosterone levels are considered may therefore need to be re-evaluated.
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| 5. |
- Crispin, Xavier, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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The origin of the high conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) plastic electrodes
- 2006
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Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 18:18, s. 4354-4360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of printed and flexible (opto)electronics requires specific materials for the device's electrodes. Those materials must satisfy a combination of properties. They must be electrically conducting, transparent, printable, and flexible. The conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) - poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) is known as a promising candidate. Its conductivity can be increased by 3 orders of magnitude by the secondary dopant diethylene glycol (DEG). This "secondary doping" phenomenon is clarified in a combined photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy investigation. PEDOT-PSS appears to form a three-dimensional conducting network explaining the improvement of its electrical property upon addition of DEG. Polymer light emitting diodes are successfully fabricated using the transparent plastic PEDOT-PSS electrodes instead of the traditionally used indium tin oxide. © 2006 American Chemical Society.
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| 6. |
- Holländare, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Therapist behaviours in internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) for depressive symptoms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 3:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is efficacious for treating depression, with therapist guidance identified as important for favourable outcomes. We have limited knowledge, however, about the fundamental components of therapist guidance in ICBT. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine therapist messages sent to patients during the course of ICBT for depressive symptoms in order to identify common “therapist behaviours” and the extent to which these behaviours correlate with completion of modules and improvements in symptoms at post-treatment, one- and two-year follow-up. A total of 664 e-mails from 5 therapists to 42 patients were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The most frequent behaviour was encouraging that accounted for 31.5% of the total number of coded behaviours. This was followed by affirming (25.1%), guiding (22.2%) and urging (9.8%). Less frequently the therapists clarified the internet treatment framework, informed about module content, emphasised the importance of patient responsibility, confronted the patient and made self-disclosures. Six of the nine identified therapist behaviours correlated with module completion. Three behaviours correlated with symptom improvement. Affirmingcorrelated significantly (r = .42, p = .005) with improvement in depressive symptoms at post-treatment and after two years (r = .39, p = .014). Encouraging was associated with outcome directly after treatment (r = .52, p = .001). Self-disclosure was correlated with improvement in depressive symptoms at post-treatment (r = .44, p = .003). The study contributes to a better understanding of therapist behaviours in ICBT for depressive symptoms. Future directions for research are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Mark, Andreas, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of Electrostatic Rotary Bell Spray Painting in Automotive PAint Shops
- 2013
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Ingår i: Atomization and Sprays. - 1044-5110 .- 1936-2684. ; 23:1, s. 25-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new framework for simulation of electrostatic spray painting is proposed based on novel algorithms for coupled simulations of air flow, electromagnetic fields, and paint droplets. Particularly important for the computational efficiency is the Navier-Stokes solver. The incompressible solver is based on a finite volume discretization on a dynamic Cartesian octree grid and unique immersed boundary methods are used to model the presence of objects in the fluid. This enables modeling of moving objects at virtually no additional computational cost and greatly simplifies preprocessing by avoiding the cumbersome generation of a body-conforming mesh. To validate the simulation framework an extensive measurement campaign has been performed. Several test plates and car fenders were painted with different process conditions and robot paths. The same cases were then simulated and overall the agreement between simulations and experiments are remarkably good. The very efficient implementation gives a major improvement of computational speed compared to other approaches and makes it possible to simulate spray painting of a full car in just a few hours on a standard computer.
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| 8. |
- Mark, Andreas, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of Electrostatic Rotary Bell Spray Painting in Automotive Paint Shops
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new framework for simulation of electrostatic spray painting is proposed based on novel algorithms for coupled simulations of air flow, electromagnetic fields and paint droplets. Particularly important for the computational efficiency is the Navier-Stokes solver. The incompressible solver is based on a finite volume discretization on a dynamic Cartesian octree grid and unique immersed boundary methods are used to model the presence of objects in the fluid. This enables modeling of moving objects at virtually no additional computational cost, and greatly simplifies preprocessing by avoiding the cumbersome generation of a body conforming mesh. To validate the simulation framework an extensive measurement campaign has been performed. Several test plates and car fenders were painted with different process conditions and robot paths. The same cases were then simulated and overall the agreement between simulations and experiments are remarkably good. The very efficient implementation gives a major improvement of computational speed compared to other approaches and makes it possible to simulate spray painting of a full car in just a few hours on a standard computer.
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| 9. |
- Mechler, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Therapist-guided internet-based psychodynamic therapy versus cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescent depression in Sweden : a randomised, clinical, non-inferiority trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Lancet Digital Health. - : Elsevier. - 2589-7500. ; 4:8, s. E594-E603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent and associated with lifelong adversity. Evidence-based treatments exist, but accessible treatment alternatives are needed. We aimed to compare internet-based psychodynamic therapy (IPDT) with an established evidence-based treatment (internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy [ICBT]) for the treatment of adolescents with depression. Methods In this randomised, clinical trial, we tested whether IPDT was non-inferior to ICBT in the treatment of adolescent MDD. Eligible participants were 15-19 years old, presenting with a primary diagnosis of MDD according to DSM-5. Participants were recruited nationwide in Sweden through advertisements on social media, as well as contacts with junior and senior high schools, youth associations, social workers, and health-care providers. Adolescents who scored 9 or higher on the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology for Adolescents (QIDS-A17-SR) in an initial online screening were contacted by telephone for a diagnostic assessment using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Participants were randomly assigned to ICBT or IPDT. Both interventions comprised eight self-help modules delivered over 10 weeks on a secure online platform. The primary outcome was change in depression severity measured weekly by the QIDS-A17-SR. Primary analyses were based on an intention -to-treat sample including all participants randomly assigned. A non-inferiority margin of Cohen's d=0.30 was predefined. The study is registered at ISRCTN, ISRCTN12552584. Findings Between Aug 19, 2019, and Oct 7, 2020, 996 young people completed screening; 516 (52%) were contacted for a diagnostic interview. 272 participants were eligible and randomly assigned to ICBT (n=136) or IPDT (n=136). In the ICBT group, 51 (38%) of 136 participants were classified as remitted, and 54 (40%) of 136 participants were classified as remitted in the IPDT group. Within-group effects were large (ICBT: within-group d=1.75, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.01; IPDT: within-group d=1.93, 1.67 to 2.20; both p<0.0001). No statistically significant treatment difference was found in the intention-to-treat analysis. Non-inferiority for IPDT was shown for the estimated change in depression during treatment (d=-0.18, 90% CI -0.49 to 0.13; p=0.34). All secondary outcomes showed non-significant between-group differences. Interpretation IPDT was non-inferior to ICBT in terms of change in depression for the treatment of adolescents with MDD. This finding increases the range of accessible and effective treatment alternatives for adolescents with depression. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
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| 10. |
- Rundqvist, Robert, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of Spray Painting in Automotive Industry
- 2010
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Ingår i: Numerical Mathematics and Advanced Applications 2009 (Proceedings of ENUMATH 2009, the 8th European Conference on Numerical Mathematics and Advanced Applications, Uppsala, July 2009). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ; Part 2, s. 769-777
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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