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- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Ammoxidation of 3-Picoline: An Activity and High-Resolution Electron Microscopic Investigation of Vanadium Oxide Catalysts
- 1986
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Ingår i: Journal of Catalysis. - 1090-2694. ; 98:1, s. 204-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A V2O5 catalyst was used in the ammoxidation of 3-picoline to nicotinonitrile. It was observed that the selectivity for the formation of CO2 as a function of temperature passed through a minimum. This is explained to be due to the existence of weakly bonded electrophilic oxygen species at low temperatures, and an increasing degradation involving O2− at high temperatures. A comparison of two different V2O5 preparations shows the beneficial effect of the V2O5(010) plane on the formation of nicotinonitrile. The exposure of planes other than the (010) plane as the source of formation of CO2 is discussed by consideration of bond strength values. The activity, selectivity, and composition of the charged V2O5 catalyst were followed as a function of time-on-stream at various temperatures. It was found that the V2O5 phase was reduced in the course of the reaction. V4O9, VO2(B), VO2 (tetragonal), and even more reduced phases were formed depending upon the reaction temperature used. Of the pure oxides, V4O9 was found to be both less active and less selective than V2O5. VO2(B), however, is more active but less selective compared to V2O5. The phases formed were characterized by various methods including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). This technique made it possible to image the View the MathML source phase boundary for the first time. The general direction of this boundary is parallel to the (301) plane of V2O5. Micrographs of VO2(B) show that the nature of defects formed depends on the reaction temperature. After use at 695 K two types of planar twin lamellae were formed. At a slightly higher temperature partly amorphous defects appeared. The influence on the catalytic reaction of the phase boundaries and defects formed is discussed.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, AS, et al.
(författare)
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Lithium extraction/insertion in LiFePO4: an X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy study
- 2000
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Ingår i: SOLID STATE IONICS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0167-2738. ; 130:1-2, s. 41-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extraction and insertion of lithium in solid-state synthesized LiFePO4 has been followed by in situ X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy in 'coffee-bag' cells of type [Li-metal \ liq. el. \ LiFePO4] during the first cycle. Two-phase Rietveld r
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| 5. |
- Andersson, AS, et al.
(författare)
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Lithium insertion into rhombohedral Li3Fe2(PO4)(3)
- 2001
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Ingår i: SOLID STATE IONICS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0167-2738. ; 140:1-2, s. 63-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lithium insertion process has been studied in rhombohedral Li,Fe,(PO,), (NASICON-type structure) by electrochemical and Mossbauer spectroscopic methods. The form of the discharge curve and the effective discharge capacity is found to depend on the mod
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| 6. |
- Andersson, AS, et al.
(författare)
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The magnetic structure and properties of rhombohedral Li3Fe2(PO4)(3)
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 0959-9428. ; 10:11, s. 2542-2547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that rhombohedral Li3Fe2(PO4)(3), obtained by ion exchange of monoclinic Na3Fe2(PO4)(3), exhibits a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition at T-N approximate to 27 K. Curie-Weiss-like behaviour is observ
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| 7. |
- Andersson, AS, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal stability of LiFePO4-based cathodes
- 2000
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Ingår i: ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS. - : ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC. - 1099-0062. ; 3:2, s. 66-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capacity and cyclability of solid-state synthesized LiFePO4-based laminate cells of type have been studied at 23, 40, and 60 degrees C. Larger capacities were obtained for cells cycled at the elevated temperatures. No evidenc
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Andersson, JO, et al.
(författare)
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Monte Carlo studies of the dynamics of an interacting monodispersive magnetic-particle system
- 1997
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B-CONDENSED MATTER. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0163-1829. ; 56:21, s. 13983-13988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the dipole-dipole interaction on the dynamics of monodispersive ensembles of magnetic nanoparticles have been studied by Monte Carlo simulations. An increased interaction strength drives the system from a state with only individual partic
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| 10. |
- ANDERSSON, JO, et al.
(författare)
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OVERLAP LENGTH IN A CU-MN SPIN-GLASS PROBED BY AC SUSCEPTIBILITY
- 1993
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 48, s. 13977-13980
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important theoretical concept in the ‘’droplet” model of spin glasses is the existence of an overlap length. Experimentally this concept was verified by dc-magnetization measurements. However, recent ac-susceptibility measurements by Lefloch et al. [Europhys. Lett. 18, 647 (1992)] have been interpreted to contradict this result. In this paper, ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization measurements on a Cu (2% Mn) spin glass are reported. The results of the ac-susceptibility measurements are consistent with dc measurements and provide evidence for the existence of an overlap length in 3d spin glasses at low temperatures.
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