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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983
(author)
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Blå energi – en strategisk innovationsagenda för marin energi
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Marine energy can meet global environmental and societal challenges by supplying renewable energy to the world’s coastal areas. Sweden has the opportunity to create a future export industry, creating jobs and driving sustainable development.The world’s oceans contain vast amounts of renewable energy that can be harnessed from its waves, tides and ocean currents – so called marine energy. If the great potential is fully ex- ploited, marine energy can help mitigate large amounts of carbon emissions, while improving the security of energy supply in many coastal regions.Many different technology concepts for harnessing marine energy are being developed around the world. Most are still undergoing basic concept development and small-scale testing, while others have reached full-scale demonstration deployments. Marine energy has large potential to become a competitive alternative to other energy sources.In its vision for 2050, the European Ocean Energy Association highlights the opportunity to meet 15 percent of the projected European electricity demand and create 300 000 jobs. They will exist in the countries that have the courage to invest in this emerging industry today, enabling domestic companies to become suppliers of products and services to the world market.Sweden has what it takes to become an exporter of turnkey power plants, sub-systems, components, services and knowledge. To succeed, investments that meet the industry’s challenges are required.In this innovation agenda, a broad group of stakeholders launch the Swedish industry vision “Swedish companies supply products and services that enable harnessing the full potential of marine energy”, highlight the need for public support and give recommendations to public actors responsible for promoting innovation and sustainable development.RECOMMENDATIONS• Adopt a politically endorsed national strategy, describing national objectives and a road map. The strategy should be managed by a public agency and be developed during 2014, building on this innovation agenda.• Support a national collaboration platform, promoting the development of the Swed- ish marine energy industry. It should be established immediately and build on the ongoing Swedish collaboration initiative Ocean Energy Centre.• Support concept specific development and demonstration that benefit technologies in different development stages. It should be granted continuously and aligned with a na- tional strategy.• Support generic research and development, based on the industry’s short and long term needs. It should be granted continuously, aligned with
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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Directionality in transformative policy missions: The case of reaching net zero emissions in the Swedish process industry
- 2024
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In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 437
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes a directionality framework that highlights goal, sector and solution as key dimensions of transformative policy missions. The framework is used to investigate the directionality of process industry decarbonization in Sweden, by analyzing the orientation of projects supported by the major national funding program the ‘Industry Leap’ between 2017 and 2022. The results show that innovation activities (i) mainly aim to reduce fossil emissions rather than produce negative emissions, (ii) focus on the steel and chemicals industries, and (iii) engage mostly with carbon capture, electrification and hydrogen. This indicates that innovation activities are somewhat narrow and imbalanced, which suggests that policymakers should promote broader experimentation. The theoretical and empirical contribution of this paper supports academics, policymakers and other actors in understanding, evaluating and shaping the directionality of transformative policy missions.
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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983
(author)
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On national technology policy in global energy transitions: The case of Swedish marine energy
- 2017
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mitigating climate change and achieving sustainable development requires a rapid global transition to a low-carbon energy system. Policymakers therefore promote new renewable energy technologies, while also aiming to create localized environmental and socioeconomic benefits. However, the latter may be challenging in today’s globalized economy where innovation is an increasingly international phenomenon. The purpose of this research is to increase the understanding of how national governments can promote and benefit from the global energy transition. This thesis makes a contribution towards this objective by examining innovation in marine energy technology from a Swedish policy perspective. It takes the technological innovation systems approach as a theoretical starting-point and aims to reveal intra- and transnational innovation dynamics, derive implications for policymakers, and develop theory to account for these insights. The thesis concludes that an informed political direction was needed to accelerate innovation in Swedish marine energy, and argues that determining the appropriate direction requires assessments of domestic market and export potentials in relation to the policy rationales that motivate public support. By focusing on tidal kite technology, the thesis demonstrates that the presence of critical knowledge and competence has so far favored developments in Sweden. However, the analysis also shows that the location of markets will become increasingly important and create a tendency for industrialization abroad. Therefore, an export-focused political direction should involve strengthened incentives for domestic development. In addition, the results emphasize that there is a need for international policy coordination to promote global innovation in marine energy. Finally, the thesis makes a theoretical contribution by highlighting the interdependence of problems in the innovation process, suggesting conceptual developments of the technological innovation systems framework and introducing an explicit regional policy perspective to analysis of technological innovation. It also argues that policy-oriented analyses of new technologies should move towards employing spatially sensitive analytical goals and scenario-based thinking.
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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983, et al.
(author)
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On the functional and structural scope of technological innovation systems – A literature review with conceptual suggestions
- 2023
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In: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - 2210-4224 .- 2210-4232. ; 49
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper reviews how the functional and structural scope of technological innovation systems (TIS) are understood in the literature. We find that it is often unclear if the system function involves innovation, production or both, and a lack of agreement as to whether structural elements are social or social and technical. Since these issues risk hindering cumulative knowledge development and conceptual advancements, we argue that a clear and shared underlying system model is needed. Taking steps in this direction, we propose that the function of a TIS is to develop and shape a specific technology; that this technology can be understood as a production-consumption system; and that the structural elements of a TIS are social, technical and possibly ecological. In addition, we offer guidance to boundary-setting in empirical case studies. We hope that the paper will inspire continued conceptual development in the TIS community and beyond.
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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Photovoltaics in Sweden – Success or failure?
- 2021
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In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0690 .- 1364-0321. ; 143
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Promoting global energy transitions while stimulating domestic industrialization requires national policymaking that shapes technological innovation towards specific outcomes. Although this is inherently difficult, historical case studies may bring a better understanding of innovation dynamics and thereby guide the design of future policy interventions. The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the emergence of Swedish photovoltaics technology from a policy perspective. Our main aim is to provide a retrospective account of historical developments, but we also derive more general insights about technological innovation and related policy challenges. The paper departs from an adapted analytical framework based on the technological innovation systems approach. Our review identifies four decades of Swedish research that has largely failed to drive domestic commercialization, the rise and fall of an industry that mainly served international markets, and a rapidly growing domestic market based on imported products. This situation is the result of mismatches and fragmentation among key innovation processes, which have not been addressed by strategic policy interventions. We suggest that policymakers should promote a full range of innovation processes and consider making innovation support subject to a payback mechanism that delivers a return on public investments even if industries and markets emerge abroad. Our study also demonstrates how the technological innovation systems approach can be extended to include the function commercialization and emphasizes the importance of paying attention to the directionality of technological innovation processes.
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- Andersson, Johnn, 1983
(author)
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Shape it until you make it: A conceptual foundation for efforts to analyze and shape technological innovation
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- These are times of accelerating climate change and mass extinction of species on planet Earth. We are in the midst of an ecological crisis that will have profound consequences for human society and its natural environment. While the conditions for life have changed abruptly in the past, the current situation is characterized by the increasing power of a single species. Human beings are not only to blame for the unsustainable practices that brought us here, but also capable of harnessing their combined ingenuity to develop technology that may reduce environmental impacts and provide additional benefits for society. At the same time, the answer to the ecological crisis and other grand challenges is not found in the blind expansion of new technologies. Our success in accomplishing social and environmental objectives rather depends on how, where and when innovation influences patterns of production and consumption. This calls into question the focus of academics and policymakers on stimulating technological innovation. And it highlights the need for analytical tools that can be used to explore how policymakers and other actors may shape the direction of change. The research presented in this thesis therefore aims to develop a conceptual foundation for analyzing and shaping technological innovation. This effort draws on three qualitative case studies that investigate emerging renewable energy technologies from a Swedish perspective. The thesis is situated in the sustainability transitions research community and takes the literature on technological innovation systems as a theoretical point of departure. However, the research adopts a critical perspective and gradually departs from the core concepts used in this literature, over the course of a learning process that unfolds in five appended research papers. In the end, the thesis proposes the technological systems framework as a set of concepts that offers a multidimensional perspective on the dynamics and outcomes of technological innovation. It also presents empirical findings that demonstrate different development trajectories, reveal some of their underlying dynamics and highlight policy implications. This will hopefully contribute to an ongoing shift in academia and politics – from stimulating the expansion of new technologies, to shaping the direction of change.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Johnn, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Shaping factors in the emergence of technological innovations: The case of tidal kite technology
- 2018
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In: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 132, s. 191-298
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The technological innovation systems (TIS) literature offers a detailed and dynamic understanding of factors that enable successful innovation. However, few studies analyze what determines where in space value chain elements are developed as a new technology is diffused on a large scale. The purpose of this paper is to show how the TIS approach can be used to identify and analyze factors that shape spatial trajectories of emerging technologies. It proposes an adapted analytical framework that expands the conventional focus on one-dimensional supporting and blocking factors, to shaping factors that incorporate the spatiality of innovation. The approach is illustrated by examining innovation in tidal kite technology. The analysis finds that a supportive local context in western Sweden during the infancy of tidal kite technology, together with the availability of competent engineers and business development professionals, promoted the formation of locally embedded knowledge and competence. This in turn created a spatial path dependency that made developments gravitate towards Sweden, although the lack of domestic markets has also increasingly driven an expansion of activity to other regions, in particular the UK. Moreover, the analysis shows that shaping, and not only stimulating, the growth of emerging TIS is an important challenge for regional policymakers, and highlights the need for international policy coordination. The paper concludes that analyzing shaping factors in the emergence of new TISs can yield important insights, some of which may be overlooked with a narrow analytical focus on supporting and blocking factors.
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