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- Andersson, Kennet, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of cerebrospinal fluid outflow conductance using an adaptive observer-experimental and clinical evaluation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 28:11, s. 1355-1368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) patients have a disturbance in the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system. The outflow conductance, C, of the CSF system has been suggested to be prognostic for positive outcome after treatment with a CSF shunt. All current methods for estimation of C have drawbacks; these include lack of information on the accuracy and relatively long investigation times. Thus, there is a need for improved methods. To accomplish this, the theoretical framework for a new adaptive observer (OBS) was developed which provides real-time estimation of C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the OBS method and to compare it with the constant pressure infusion (CPI) method. The OBS method was applied to data from infusion investigations performed with the CPI method. These consisted of repeated measurements on an experimental set-up and 30 patients with suspected INPH. There was no significant difference in C between the CPI and the OBS method for the experimental set-up. For the patients there was a significant difference, −0.84 ± 1.25 µl (s kPa)−1, mean ± SD (paired sample t-test, p < 0.05). However, such a difference is within clinically acceptable limits. This encourages further development of this new real-time approach for estimation of the outflow conductance.
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| 2. |
- Manchester, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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A nonlinear observer for on-line estimation of the cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Automatica. - : Elsevier. - 0005-1098 .- 1873-2836. ; 44:5, s. 1426-1430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate estimates of the outflow resistance of the human cerebrospinal fluid system are important for the diagnosis of a medical condition known as hydrocephalus. In this paper we design a nonlinear observer which provides on-line estimates of the outflow resistance, to the best of our knowledge the first method to do so. The output of the observer is proven to globally converge to an unbiased estimate. Its performance is experimentally verified using the same apparatus used to perform actual patient diagnoses and a specially-designed physical model of the human cerebrospinal fluid system.
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- Sjöquist, Emma S., et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity Coaching of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Everyday Practice : A Long-term Follow-up
- 2011
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Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 9:2, s. 75-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the long-term effects on perceived general health, disease activity, pain, activity limitation and cognitive behavioural factors of a one-year coaching programme performed in ordinary physical therapy practice to promote the adoption of health-enhancing physical activity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: A total of 228 patients with early RA, from 10 rheumatology clinics in Sweden, were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 94) or a control group (CG; n = 134). The IG was coached by physical therapists during the first year to adopt health-enhancing levels of physical activity (30 minutes/day, moderately intensive, ≥ 4 days/week). No coaching was given during the subsequent year between post-intervention and follow-up. Follow-up assessment consisted of a postal questionnaire on physical activity and of visual analogue scales for ratings of general health perception and pain. The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ) and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS 28) were collected at regular medical check-ups.RESULTS: Sixty-five (69%) participants in the IG and 92 (69%) in the CG completed the entire study period by filling in the follow-up questionnaire on physical activity two years after baseline. The intervention seemed to lack any significant influence on long-term outcome. However, different patterns of change in physical activity behaviour were observed in the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: No long-term improvement in perceived general health or other outcomes were found in the follow-up. This may partly be because the intervention lacked several important behavioural elements for physical activity maintenance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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- Wrede, Alexandra U. C., 1996-, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal trends in paediatric hydrocephalus : Rising prematurity and persistent ophthalmological challenges
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 113:7, s. 1653-1663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study changes in aetiology, prematurity, comorbidity and ophthalmological outcomes in children with surgically treated hydrocephalus to provide information needed to maintain the best possible healthcare for a fragile and changing population.METHODS: Two population-based cohorts, born two decades apart in Region Västra Götaland Sweden, surgically treated for hydrocephalus at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg were recruited at approximately 10 years of age. The participants were examined according to an ophthalmological protocol, including history taking regarding perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD). Gestational age, aetiology and comorbidities were registered.RESULTS: The 1989-1993 group, comprised 52 children (48% girls; mean age 10, range 7.7-12.8 years), was compared with 24 children, born in 2007-2012 (29% girls; mean age 10, range 7.0-13.8 years). Extreme prematurity (gestational age ≤ 28 weeks) increased over time (p = 0.001). The vast majority of the children showed ophthalmological abnormalities, although motility defects and nystagmus decreased in the latter population. Subnormal visual acuity was associated with extreme prematurity (RR = 4.69; p = 0.030), and PVD with learning disability (RR = 2.44; p = 0.032).CONCLUSION: Paediatric hydrocephalus populations may change with improved healthcare. Since a high percentage shows ophthalmological abnormalities and more children are born extremely preterm, the entirety needs consideration both neurologically and ophthalmologically.
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| 10. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(författare)
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171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
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