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- Andersson Nystedt, Tanya
(författare)
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A hidden problem in an excluded population: understanding vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Sweden
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: International migration has been on the rise over the past few decades and is expected to remain high. Young people make up a significant proportion of those migrating. It has long been known that young people are at greater risk of sexual violence and there is growing evidence that migrants too, are particularly vulnerable. There is a lack of evidence on young migrants’ vulnerability to sexual violence. The overall aim of this thesis is to understand vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Sweden using a multi-method approach. Methods: Paper I was a systematic review employing a critical interpretive synthesis methodology to understand the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. Paper II was a qualitative study using in-depth individual interviews to explore professionals’ experiences of meetings with young migrants disclosing sexual violence. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Paper III applied the intersectionality-based policy analysis framework to understand how Swedish national-level policies interacted to construct young migrants’ vulnerabilities to sexual violence. Results: The main finding of Paper I was the lack of studies exploring young migrants’ vulnerabilities to sexual violence. Existing studies investigated different sub-groups of migrants and used different definitions of sexual violence making comparisons across studies difficult and hindering the generalisabity of results. Despite this, there is clear evidence that young migrants, both male and female, are vulnerable to sexual violence and that these vulnerabilities arise from each level of the socio-ecological model. Paper II found that professionals recognised young migrants’ structural vulnerabilities and their association with experiences of sexual violence. They felt a great deal of responsibility to meet the many and varied needs that young migrants presented with, while at the same time experiencing a lack of clarity in how to respond to sexual violence, which can lead to moral distress. The findings from Paper III indicate that power as well as access to human rights and services are integral to understanding sexual violence in Swedish national-level policies. Meanwhile the policies constituting the migration regime work largely to restrict power and access and thereby contribute to their vulnerabilities to sexual violence. Conclusion: There is a lack of evidence on the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Sweden. What evidence there is points to a largely hidden problem affecting the lives of both male and female young migrants and that the sources of these vulnerabilities are largely structural. Additional research is required to understand prevalences of sexual violence as well as the vulnerabilities and experiences of sexual violence of different groups of young migrants.
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| 2. |
- Andersson Nystedt, Tanya, et al.
(författare)
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Coming across a hidden problem in an excluded population in Sweden : professionals' experiences of young migrants' disclosures of sexual violence
- 2024
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Ingår i: Culture, Health and Sexuality. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1369-1058 .- 1464-5351. ; 26:5, s. 621-637
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing evidence suggests that young migrants are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence. As young migrants often lack family and social networks, professionals are often the recipients of disclosures of sexual violence. This study aimed to explore how professionals experience young migrants' disclosures of sexual violence. A qualitative design was used, based on 14 semi-structured interviews with a range of professionals from the public sector and civil society in southern Sweden. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The overarching theme developed was 'coming across the hidden problem of sexual violence in an excluded population' supported by three sub-themes: 'linking structural marginalisation and vulnerability to sexual violence'; 'realising that sexual violence is one among many other concerns'; and 'taking pride in backing up young people betrayed by society'. Professionals expressed a strong sense of responsibility due to the complex vulnerabilities of young migrants and their lack of access to services. This, coupled with the lack of clarity about how to respond to disclosures of sexual violence, can lead to moral distress. There is a need to strengthen support for professionals, including recognition of ethical dilemmas and the establishment of formal connections between organisations making access more straightforward and predictable.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson Nystedt, Tanya, et al.
(författare)
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No evidence, no problem? A critical interpretive synthesis of the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe : No evidence, no problem?
- 2024
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - 1654-9880. ; 17:1, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Growing evidence indicates that young migrants are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence, however most research has focused on instances of sexual violence occurring in conflict zones and during transit. Much less attention has been given to the vulnerabilities to and experiences of sexual violence among young migrants in Europe.Objectives: To understand the scientific evidence regarding the experiences of and vulnerabilities to sexual violence among young migrants (aged 11-30 years) in Europe.Methods: A search of three databases resulted in 1279 peer reviewed articles published between 2002 and 2022. Of these, 11 were included in this review. A critical interpretive synthesis methodology was applied.Results: Few studies investigate sexual violence among young migrants in Europe. The existing studies focus on very specific sub-groups of migrants, and as such, experiences of persons outside these groups are largely absent from the academic discourse. How sexual violence is understood varies across studies, often conflated with other forms of violence, hampering comparisons. However, the results of this review indicate that young migrants in Europe, both male and female, experience sexual violence and there are multiple sources of vulnerabilities at all levels of the socioecological model.Conclusion: The scarcity of research regarding sexual violence among young migrants in Europe could give rise to the perception that no evidence means no problem, resulting in a continued lack of attention to this issue. There is a critical need to address this gap to inform prevention interventions, to identify victims, and to facilitate access to care.
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| 5. |
- Nystedt, Tanya Andersson, et al.
(författare)
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The association of self-reported discrimination to all-cause mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ssm-Population Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8273. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Discrimination has is an important social determinant of health and though some research has been carried out on this it is mostly from the United States, which may not be generalisable to Europe and Sweden. This study investigated the association between self-reported experiences of repeated discrimination and all-cause mortality in Scania, Sweden. The Scania Public Health survey was sent out in 2008 with a follow-up in 2013 through the Swedish national cause of death register (N = 28,062). The exposure variable under investigation was self-reported discrimination and the outcome variable was all-cause mortality. Additional variables included demo-graphics (age, sex, marital status, immigrant status), health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise), BMI, social participation, economic stress, and mental health. Time was measured as total number of days. Statistical analysis included association of the different variables to discrimination (ORs) and to all-cause mortality (HRs) adjusting for different covariates. Effect modification was tested for social participation, economic stress and mental health. The odds of discrimination was higher among the most vulnerable groups in society. All-cause mortality was strongly associated to age and sex, with a much higher risk among men than women. The association of repeated discrimination to all-cause mortality remained significant after adjusting for demographic variables, health behaviours and either social participation or economic stress, but not both. The association was non-significant after adjusting for demographic variables and mental health. Social participation was found to be an effect modifier with low participation strengthening the effect of the association of repeated discrimination to all-cause mortality. Repeated discrimination clearly has a strong impact on mental health but also on economic stress and social participation which in turn have a strong impact on mortality.
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