| 1. |
- Dillner, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
-
Svensk konsensus om vaccination mot cervixcancer. Vaccinprogram bör införas i grundskolan med sikte på att utrota HPV16/18
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 103:44, s. 9-3377
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vaccination against the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has recently been approved as a means to prevent cervical cancer. The Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and the Swedish Society for Obstetrics & Gynecology arranged a consensus conference to discuss design of future cervical cancer prevention programs. Conclusions include that preventive programs should aim at eradication of oncogenic HPV 16/18 infection and that the potentially preventable cervical cancers should no longer occur. Necessary prerequisites include adoption of a population-based vaccination program in primary school, an HPV vaccination registry and coordination of cervical cancer preventive efforts on vaccination and cervical screening.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Andrae, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Screening and cervical cancer cure: population based cohort study.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMJ (Clinical research ed.). - : BMJ. - 1756-1833 .- 0959-8138 .- 1468-5833. ; 344
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine whether detection of invasive cervical cancer by screening results in better prognosis or merely increases the lead time until death.
|
|
| 4. |
- Andrae, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Screening-preventable cervical cancer risks : evidence from a nationwide audit in Sweden.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: J Natl Cancer Inst. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 100:9, s. 622-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs differs widely in different populations. The reasons for these differences are unclear. Routine and comprehensive audits have been proposed as an ethically required component of screening. We performed a nationwide audit of the effectiveness of the Swedish cervical cancer screening program.Methods: We identified all invasive cervical cancer cases that were diagnosed in Sweden from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2001, and had been reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry (n = 1230 cases). We verified the diagnoses by histopathologic rereview and matched each case subject to five (population-based) age-matched control subjects who were identified from the National Population Register. The Pap smear screening histories for case and control subjects were reviewed for a 6-year period using the National Cervical Cancer Screening Register, which contains data on essentially all relevant cytological and histological diagnoses in Sweden. Odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), of cervical cancer according to screening history were calculated in conditional logistic regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided.Results: Women who had not had a Pap smear within the recommended screening interval had higher risk of cervical cancer than women who had been screened (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 2.19 to 2.91). This risk was similarly increased for all age groups (Phomogeneity = .96). The risk for nonsquamous cell cervical cancers (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.20 to 2.11) was also increased. Women who had not had a Pap smear within the recommended screening interval had a particularly high risk of advanced cancers (OR = 4.82, 95% CI = 3.61 to 6.44). Among women who had been screened within the recommended interval, those with abnormal Pap smears had a higher risk of cervical cancer than those with normal smears (OR = 7.55, 95% CI = 5.88 to 9.69) and constituted 11.5% of all women with cervical cancer.Conclusions: Nonadherence to screening intervals was the major reason for cervical cancer morbidity. The screening program was equally effective for women of all ages and was also effective against nonsquamous cancers.
|
|
| 5. |
- Andrae, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
A 1.8kb GFAP-promoter fragment is active in specific regions of theembryonic CNS
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Mechanisms of Development. - 0925-4773 .- 1872-6356. ; 107:1-2, s. 181-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intermediate filament glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) constitutes the major cytoskeletal protein in astrocytes (J. Neuroimmunol. 8 (1985) 203) and is traditionally referred to as a specific marker for astrocytes. To identify early glial precursors, we created GFAPpromoter-lacZ transgenic mice, using a 1.8kb 5' fragment of human GFAP. The expression of the transgene was first detected in the neuroepithelium at embryonic day 9.5. It was further found in the ventricular zone of the developing telencephalon, in the cerebellar primordium, trigeminal ganglia, and radial glia. Later, scattered beta-gal+ cells were seen in pons, brain stem and glia limitans. The results indicate that GFAP activity is regulated in a region-specific manner during central nervous system (CNS) development and that the gene is turned on in different cell types independently.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andrae, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
A role for PDGF-C/PDGFR alpha signaling in the formation of the meningeal basement membranes surrounding the cerebral cortex
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Biology Open. - : The Company of Biologists. - 2046-6390. ; 5:4, s. 461-474
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) is one of three known ligands for the tyrosine kinase receptor PDGFR alpha. Analysis of Pdgfc null mice has demonstrated roles for PDGF-C in palate closure and the formation of cerebral ventricles, but redundancy with other PDGFR alpha ligands might obscure additional functions. In search of further developmental roles for PDGF-C, we generated mice that were double mutants for Pdgfc(-/-) and Pdgfra(GFP/+). These mice display a range of severe phenotypes including spina bifida, lung emphysema, abnormal meninges and neuronal over-migration in the cerebral cortex. We focused our analysis on the central nervous system (CNS), where PDGF-C was identified as a critical factor for the formation of meninges and assembly of the glia limitans basement membrane. We also present expression data on Pdgfa, Pdgfc and Pdgfra in the cerebral cortex and microarray data on cerebral meninges.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andrae, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Gaia Data Release 3 : Analysis of the Gaia BP/RP spectra using the General Stellar Parameterizer from Photometry
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 674
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: The astrophysical characterisation of sources is among the major new data products in the third Gaia Data Release (DR3). In particular, there are stellar parameters for 471 million sources estimated from low-resolution BP /RP spectra.Aims: We present the General Stellar Parameterizer from Photometry (GSP-Phot), which is part of the astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis). GSP-Phot is designed to produce a homogeneous catalogue of parameters for hundreds of millions of single non-variable stars based on their astrometry, photometry, and low-resolution BP/RP spectra. These parameters are effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, absolute MG magnitude, radius, distance, and extinction for each star.Methods: GSP-Phot uses a Bayesian forward-modelling approach to simultaneously fit the BP /RP spectrum, parallax, and apparent G magnitude. A major design feature of GSP-Phot is the use of the apparent flux levels of BP /RP spectra to derive, in combination with isochrone models, tight observational constraints on radii and distances. We carefully validate the uncertainty estimates by exploiting repeat Gaia observations of the same source.Results: The data release includes GSP-Phot results for 471 million sources with G < 19. Typical differences to literature values are 110K for T-eff and 0.2-0.25 for log g, but these depend strongly on data quality. In particular, GSP-Phot results are significantly better for stars with good parallax measurements (pi/sigma(pi) > 20), mostly within 2 kpc. Metallicity estimates exhibit substantial biases compared to literature values and are only useful at a qualitative level. However, we provide an empirical calibration of our metallicity estimates that largely removes these biases. Extinctions A(0) and A(BP) show typical di fferences from reference values of 0.07-0.09 mag. MCMC samples of the parameters are also available for 95% of the sources.Conclusions: GSP-Phot provides a homogeneous catalogue of stellar parameters, distances, and extinctions that can be used for various purposes, such as sample selections (OB stars, red giants, solar analogues etc.). In the context of asteroseismology or ground-based interferometry, where targets are usually bright and have good parallax measurements, GSP-Phot results should be particularly useful for combined analysis or target selection.
|
|
| 8. |
- Arbyn, Marc, et al.
(författare)
-
The challenges of organising cervical screening programmes in the 15 old member states of the European Union
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 45:15, s. 2671-2678
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cervical cancer incidence and mortality can be reduced substantially by organised cytological screening at 3 to 5 year intervals, as was demonstrated in the Nordic countries, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and parts of Italy. Opportunistic screening, often proposed at yearly schedules, has also reduced the burden of cervical cancer in some, but not all, of the other old member states (belonging to the European Union since 1995) but at a cost that is several times greater. Well organised screening programmes have the potential to achieve greater participation of the target population at regular intervals, equity of access and high quality. Despite the consistent evidence that organised screening is more efficient than non-organised screening, and in spite of the Cancer Screening Recommendations of the European Council, health authorities of eight old member states (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, Portugal and Spain) have not yet started national organised implementation of screening for cervical cancer. A decision was made by the Irish government to extend their pilot programme nationally while new regional programmes commenced in Portugal and Spain. Introduction of new methods of prevention, such as HPV screening and prophylactic HPV vaccination, can reduce the burden further, but this will require a high level of organisation with particular attention needed for the maximisation of population coverage, compliance with evidence-based guidelines, monitoring of data enabling continued evaluation and improvement of the preventive programmes.
|
|
| 9. |
- Babusiaux, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 616
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. Gaia Data Release 2 provides high-precision astrometry and three-band photometry for about 1.3 billion sources over the full sky. The precision, accuracy, and homogeneity of both astrometry and photometry are unprecedented. Aims. We highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar population selections. We do not aim here for completeness in terms of types of stars or stellar evolutionary aspects. Instead, we have chosen several illustrative examples. Methods. We describe some of the selections that can be made in Gaia DR2 to highlight the main structures of the Gaia HRDs. We select both field and cluster (open and globular) stars, compare the observations with previous classifications and with stellar evolutionary tracks, and we present variations of the Gaia HRD with age, metallicity, and kinematics. Late stages of stellar evolution such as hot subdwarfs, post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and white dwarfs are also analysed, as well as low-mass brown dwarf objects. Results. The Gaia HRDs are unprecedented in both precision and coverage of the various Milky Way stellar populations and stellar evolutionary phases. Many fine structures of the HRDs are presented. The clear split of the white dwarf sequence into hydrogen and helium white dwarfs is presented for the first time in an HRD. The relation between kinematics and the HRD is nicely illustrated. Two different populations in a classical kinematic selection of the halo are unambiguously identified in the HRD. Membership and mean parameters for a selected list of open clusters are provided. They allow drawing very detailed cluster sequences, highlighting fine structures, and providing extremely precise empirical isochrones that will lead to more insight in stellar physics. Conclusions. Gaia DR2 demonstrates the potential of combining precise astrometry and photometry for large samples for studies in stellar evolution and stellar population and opens an entire new area for HRD-based studies.
|
|
| 10. |
- Brown, A. G. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Gaia Data Release 1 Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 595
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. Aims. A summary of Gaia DR1 is presented along with illustrations of the scientific quality of the data, followed by a discussion of the limitations due to the preliminary nature of this release. Methods. The raw data collected by Gaia during the first 14 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC) and turned into an astrometric and photometric catalogue. Results. Gaia DR1 consists of three components: a primary astrometric data set which contains the positions, parallaxes, and mean proper motions for about 2 million of the brightest stars in common with the HIPPARCOS and Tycho-2 catalogues - a realisation of the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) - and a secondary astrometric data set containing the positions for an additional 1.1 billion sources. The second component is the photometric data set, consisting of mean G-band magnitudes for all sources. The G-band light curves and the characteristics of similar to 3000 Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars, observed at high cadence around the south ecliptic pole, form the third component. For the primary astrometric data set the typical uncertainty is about 0.3 mas for the positions and parallaxes, and about 1 mas yr(-1) for the proper motions. A systematic component of similar to 0.3 mas should be added to the parallax uncertainties. For the subset of similar to 94 000 HIPPARCOS stars in the primary data set, the proper motions are much more precise at about 0.06 mas yr(-1). For the secondary astrometric data set, the typical uncertainty of the positions is similar to 10 mas. The median uncertainties on the mean G-band magnitudes range from the mmag level to similar to 0.03 mag over the magnitude range 5 to 20.7. Conclusions. Gaia DR1 is an important milestone ahead of the next Gaia data release, which will feature five-parameter astrometry for all sources. Extensive validation shows that Gaia DR1 represents a major advance in the mapping of the heavens and the availability of basic stellar data that underpin observational astrophysics. Nevertheless, the very preliminary nature of this first Gaia data release does lead to a number of important limitations to the data quality which should be carefully considered before drawing conclusions from the data.
|
|
