| 1. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 2. |
- Leitao, Charles Dahlsson, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Conditionally activated affibody-based prodrug targeting EGFR demonstrates improved tumour selectivity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Controlled Release. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-3659 .- 1873-4995. ; 357, s. 185-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety and efficacy of cancer-targeting treatments can be improved by conditional activation enabled by the distinct milieu of the tumour microenvironment. Proteases are intricately involved in tumourigenesis and commonly dysregulated with elevated expression and activity. Design of prodrug molecules with protease -dependent activation has the potential to increase tumour-selective targeting while decreasing exposure to healthy tissues, thus improving the safety profile for patients. Higher selectivity could also allow for adminis-tration of higher doses or use of more aggressive treatment options, leading to higher therapeutic efficacy. We have previously developed an affibody-based prodrug with conditional targeting of EGFR conferred by an anti-idiotypic affibody masking domain (ZB05). We could show that binding to endogenous EGFR on cancer cells in vitro was restored following proteolytic removal of ZB05. In this study we evaluate a novel affibody-based pro -drug design, which incorporates a protease substrate sequence recognized by cancer-associated proteases and demonstrate the potential of this approach for selective tumour-targeting and shielded uptake in healthy tissues in vivo using tumour-bearing mice. This may widen the therapeutic index of cytotoxic EGFR-targeted thera-peutics by decreasing side effects, improving selectivity of drug delivery, and enabling the use of more potent cytotoxic drugs.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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A Place in Europe : Proposed project description peered by Project Anywhere
- 2017
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Konstnärligt arbete (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is not conceived as an exclusive work but rather a demonstrably inclusive one (albeit resistant to the logic of circular reproduction). Within the process of artistic research and a developing practice, new methods might constitute another form of art. The project has been centered upon the idea of a round table at which a number of people with different competences have collaborated productively to build the project. The divergent competences that make up the project team have all contributed to the development of A Place in Europe, and moreover worked to challenge conventional practices and forms of knowledge belonging to the various fields of expertise in order to foster a spirit of experimentation and novelty. The key point of departure for all collaborators has been the value of approaching the topic from a creative base, and in doing so striving to exchange ideas in a productive manner with others, both at the site and within the process of developing the project and presentation. We have also been collectively mindful of the potentially asymmetrical power relations at play in any process during which “we” film and interact with “them”. We do not seek to speak for ”them” but rather use our collective desire to explore a more inclusive society.
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| 6. |
- Ayalew, Bahiru Tsegaye, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal and rheological properties and processability of thermoplastic lignocellulose
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. - 1097-4628 .- 0021-8995. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fossil-free biobased materials like thermoplastic lignocellulose are gaining attention because of climate issues. However, there is a challenge to make these as thermoplastic as commonly used thermoplastics. Arboform® is one of today's commercially available thermoplastic lignocellulose materials. In this work, the processability of this material was studied in detail and the effects of plasticizers on its processability, rheological, and mechanical properties were determined. Thermal/calorimetry analysis indicated that the processing temperature window was shifted to lower temperature with the use of tributyl citrate (TBC) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG 400) plasticizers, thus enabling extrusion at lower temperature. TBC and PEG 400 decreased both the glass transition temperature and melting point of the polylactide component. Surprisingly, they also affected the lignin component, as observed by the decreasing lignin decomposition temperature. It is observed that TBC and PEG400 lowered the stiffness of the compression molded material in the temperature range investigated (−30–180°C), and tensile tests in the presence of TBC revealed a decrease in ductility. Notable is that, in contrast to most thermoplastics, the Arboform® melt increases in viscosity and elastic moduli when the processing temperature was increased (from 180 to 200°C) or when processing time was increased.
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| 7. |
- Bergengren, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Variation in Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Rates and Prostate Cancer Treatments and Outcomes in a National 20-Year Cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 4:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE: The diagnostic activity for prostate cancer has increased during the past decades. However, the benefit and harm of the increased diagnostic activity have not been quantified in detail for a country or a large region.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the association between increases in diagnostic activity driven by prostate-specific antigen testing and incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment, and mortality.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used the Proxy-Based Risk-Stratified Incidence Simulation Model-Prostate Cancer to examine observed data on all Swedish men with prevalent prostate cancer and compare them with a corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario with more restrictive diagnostic activity. All men aged 40 to 100 years living in Sweden during the time period 1996 to 2016 with incident and prevalent prostate cancer were included. The second scenario is the corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario where diagnostic activity remained constant as of 1996 (the beginning of the prostate-specific antigen testing era) throughout the study period.EXPOSURES: High or low diagnostic activity for prostate cancer.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment (deferred treatment, curative treatment, and hormonal treatment), and prostate cancer mortality.RESULTS: During the study period from 1996 to 2016, 188 884 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer at a median (interquartile range) age of 71 (64-77) years. Compared with the low-diagnostic activity scenario, in the high-diagnostic activity scenario, the number of men diagnosed with prostate cancer was 48% higher (423 vs 286 [95% CI, 271-302] per 100 000 men per year), 148% more men were diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk cancer (221 vs 89 [95% CI, 73-105] per 100 000 men per year), and 108% more men received curative treatment (152 vs 73 [95% CI: 66-85] per 100 000 men per year). There were up to 15% fewer prostate cancer deaths in the scenario with high-diagnostic activity (incidence rate ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82-0.88).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This studys results suggest that increased prostate-specific antigen testing and diagnostic activity are associated with a larger number of men being diagnosed with prostate cancer, predominately with low- and intermediate-risk disease. The increased diagnostic activity was associated with a 2-fold increase in curative treatment and a modest decrease in mortality.
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| 8. |
- Blösch, Günter, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 64:10, s. 1141-1158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.
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| 9. |
- Bonander, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Colorectal cancer screening with fecal immunochemical testing or primary colonoscopy : inequities in diagnostic yield
- 2024
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Ingår i: JNCI Cancer Spectrum. - : Oxford University Press. - 2515-5091. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSocioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of colorectal cancer screening are well documented, but the implications on inequities in health gain remain unclear.MethodsSixty-year-olds were randomly recruited from the Swedish population between March 2014 and March 2020 and invited to undergo either 2 rounds of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) 2 years apart (n = 60 137) or primary colonoscopy just once (n = 30 400). By linkage to Statistics Sweden’s registries, we obtained socioeconomic data. In each defined socioeconomic group, we estimated the cumulative yield of advanced neoplasia in each screening arm (intention-to-screen analysis). In the biennial FIT arm, we predicted the probability of exceeding the yield in the primary colonoscopy arm by linear extrapolation of the cumulative yield to (hypothetical) additional rounds of FIT.ResultsIn the lowest income group, the yield of advanced neoplasia was 1.63% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.35% to 1.93%) after 2 rounds of FIT vs 1.93% (95% CI = 1.49% to 2.40%) in the primary colonoscopy arm. Extrapolation to a third round of FIT implied a 86% probability of exceeding the yield in the primary colonoscopy arm. In the highest income group, we found a more pronounced yield gap between the 2 screening strategies—2.32% (95% CI = 2.15% to 2.49%) vs 3.71% (95% CI = 3.41% to 4.02%)— implying a low (2%) predicted probability of exceeding yield after a third round of FIT.ConclusionsYield of advanced neoplasia from 2 rounds of FIT 2 years apart was poorer as compared with primary colonoscopy, but the difference was less in lower socioeconomic groups.
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| 10. |
- Bonde, Tiago M., et al.
(författare)
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Time to castration-resistant prostate cancer and prostate cancer death according to PSA response in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 56:3, s. 169-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To predict castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and prostate cancer (Pca) death by use of clinical variables at Pca diagnosis and PSA levels after start of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) in men with non-metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer (nmCSPC).Materials and Methods: PSA values for 1603 men with nmCSPC in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden who received GnRH as primary treatment were retrieved from Uppsala-Örebro PSA Cohort and Stockholm PSA and Biopsy Register. All men had measured PSA before (pre-GnRH PSA) and 3–6 months after (post-GnRH PSA) date of start of GnRH. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox models were used to predict CRPC by PSA levels. PSA levels and ISUP grade were used to construct a risk score to stratify men by tertiles according to risk of CRPC and Pca death.Results: 788 (49%) men reached CRPC and 456 (28%) died of Pca during follow-up. Post-GnRH PSA predicted CRPC regardless of pre-GnRH PSA. CRPC risk increased with higher post-GnRH PSA, HR 4.7 (95% CI: 3.4–6.7) for PSA > 16 ng/mL vs 0–0.25 ng/mL and with ISUP grade, HR 3.7 (95%: 2.5–5.4) for ISUP 5 vs ISUP 1. Risk of Pca death in men above top vs bellow bottom tertile of post-GnRH PSA and ISUP grade was HR 4.1 (95% CI: 3.0–5.5).Conclusion: A risk score based on post-GnRH PSA and ISUP grade could be used for early identification of a target group for future clinical trials on additional therapy to GnRH.
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