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- Antonson, Hans, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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A crack in the Swedish welfare façade? : A review of assessing social impacts in transport infrastructure planning
- 2018
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Ingår i: Progress in Planning. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0305-9006 .- 1873-4510. ; 138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comparison of social impact categorisation in strategic planning across European Union Member States shows that Sweden neither categorises nor breaks down categories of social impact in areas such as transport infrastructure development. This article accordingly studies how social issues are handled during transport infrastructure planning. An analysis of different source materials will answer four research questions:To what extent are social impacts integrated into environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports?Are social impacts sufficiently integrated and/or does this treatment simply amount to ‘good practice’?Can any trend be detected over time in terms of addressing social issues in impact assessments?What key measures could increase the influence of social impact issues on transport infrastructure planning practice?The study involved a content analysis of six EIA handbooks and EIA statements (EISs) for 18 large transport infrastructure projects. The concepts searched for in these documents largely apply to issues of vulnerability, health, social problems, perceived safety, and alienation. Our data were interpreted through the theoretical lens of institutional interplay. We found that though social aspects are not new considerations in EIA research, they are included in only a small proportion of the 18 Swedish EISs, mostly in connection with health and accessibility. We also found that the more recent documents allotted less space to social issues. It is unlikely that most individuals in the organisations that order EISs, or the consultancies that write them, are unaware of the broader interpretation of ‘human beings’ which includes social aspects.The conclusion is that in the absence of a government initiative to clarify how social impacts can be addressed in transport infrastructure planning, there is a need for an external network for organisations involved in transport infrastructure EISs.
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| 3. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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A society ill-equipped to deal with the effects of climate change on cultural heritage and landscape : a qualitative assessment of planning practices in transport infrastructure
- 2021
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Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Nature. - 0165-0009 .- 1573-1480. ; 166:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides insights into the handling of climate change issues related to cultural heritage at different government decision levels dealing with physical planning, and in particular roads. Data are derived from a qualitative analysis of official reports and interviews with local and regional planners in three Swedish regions with contrasting climates. The theoretical lens of Institutional Interplay is applied to an analysis grouped into six themes: Climate threats to cultural heritage, Adaptation measures, Preparedness, Institutional preconditions, Institutional interplay, and Challenges. The results suggest that despite a strong environmental reputation internationally, Sweden is not particularly well prepared for dealing with future climate change impacts on cultural heritage and landscape. The lack of national standards and standardised methods risks regional and sectoral variation in the treatment of similar tasks, a problem which deficiencies in knowledge and continuing education are perpetuating. The degree to which discussions and cooperation occur between divisions within the same authority, between authorities, and in national networks varies considerably. Routines and criteria for prioritisation of cultural heritage mitigation, essential under conditions of limited resources, have yet to have been implemented. We conclude with five recommendations for improving the planning process with respect to climate change risks to cultural heritage.
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| 4. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Bedömning av skada på bevarandeintressen : ett kunskapsunderlag inför en metodutveckling
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bedömning av skada på bevarandeintressen är ofta en svag punkt i miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar (MKB). Generell metodutveckling i detta avseende behövs som stöd för utförare av analyser och beskrivningar för vägprojekt. Projektet Bedömning av skada på bevarandeintressen har haft som uppgift att utveckla en metod som kan bedöma skada på skyddade områden för natur, kultur eller friluftsliv. De studerade områdestyperna är riksintresseområden och Natura-2000-områden.Studien bygger på en större genomgång av bl.a. svensk, europeisk och överstatlig handboks- eller utbildningslitteratur, utredningsmaterial från infrastrukturprojekt samt gällande riktlinjer och lagar. Ur denna genomgång belystes bl.a. följande aspekter: de miljöaspekter vilka utpekas kan skadas, hur skada bedöms, hur påverkan, effekt och konsekvens beskrivs, vilka värderingsgrunder som används och bevarandevärdenas rättsliga grunder. Aspekterna ingick som byggstenar i en metodkonstruktion.
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| 5. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Bedömning av skada på bevarandeintressen : en metodutveckling, huvudrapport
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Assessment of damage to heritage assets is often a weak element inenvironmental impact assessments (EIA). General method development is neededin this respect as support for the authors of analyses and descriptions forroad projects. The task of the project Assessment of damage to heritageassets was to develop a method which can assess damage to protected areas fornature, culture or outdoor activities. The types of areas which have beenstudied are areas of national interest and Natura 2000 areas. The method hasbeen developed with reference to a major review of e.g. Swedish, European andsupranational handbook and educational literature, investigation materialfrom infrastructure projects, and current guidelines and laws. The method isdesigned as a checklist which deals with a number of planning stages, i.e. anumber of questions each of which must be answered before proceeding to theend of the checklist where an assessment - no damage, damage or pronounceddamage - has to be made. At the same time, those completing the checklistmust also answer a number of relevant questions in order to motivate theirstandpoint regarding the assessment of damage, both to themselves and toothers. The method has been tested on a newly produced EIA and has beenjudged by external reviewers to work well.
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| 6. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Crash Barriers and Driver Behavior : A Simulator Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 14:8, s. 874-880
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The study examines how drivers experience a conventional W-beam guardrail (metal crash barrier) along both sides of narrow versus wider roads (single carriageway with 2 lanes) in terms of stress, feelings, and driving patterns and whether subjective experience concurs with the actual driving patterns captured by the quantitative data.Methods: The study used different methods to capture data, including the VTI Driving Simulator III (speed and lateral vehicle position) in conjunction with electrocardiogram (ECG) data on heart rate variability (HRV) and questionnaires (oral during driving and written after driving). Eighteen participants-8 men and 10 women-were recruited for the simulator study and the simulator road section was 10 km long.Results: Driving speeds increased slightly on the wider road and on the road with a crash barrier, and the lateral driving position was nearer to the road center on the narrower road and on the road with a crash barrier. The HRV data did not indicate that participants experienced greater stress due to road width or due to the presence of a crash barrier. Participant experience captured in the oral questionnaires suggested that road width did not affect driver stress or driving patterns; however, the written questionnaire results supported the simulator data, indicating that a wider road led to increased speed. None of the participants felt that crash barriers made them feel calmer.Conclusions: We believe that there is a possibility that the increased speed on roads with crash barriers may be explained by drivers’ sense of increased security. This study demonstrates that an experimental design including experience-based data captured using both a simulator and questionnaires is productive. It also demonstrates that driving simulators can be used to study road features such as crash barriers. It seems more than likely that features such as street lamps, signs, and landscape objects could be tested in this way. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 8. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Does the official strategy protect or destroy our cultural heritage? : corrosion of archaeological artefacts exposed to de-icing salt in Sweden
- 2006
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- When new roads are built today, the Swedish official strategy is to leave in situ the cultural layers that are not directly affected by the road construction, rather than to excavate the entire layer even if it stretches outside the verge of the planned road. This strategy has its roots in the Act concerning Ancient Monuments and Finds and is built on the assumption that the soil layers protect the archaeological artefacts far better than the national archives and museum shelves. The cultural layers are looked upon as a national archive in situ. However, recently excavated metal artefacts generally exhibit greater deterioration than those excavated many years ago, implying that recent pollution is responsible for accelerating the corrosion. Unfortunately, the de-icing salt used in winter maintenance operations does not stay on the road surface, where it has its desired effects on traffic safety and accessibility, but is transported - by different mechanisms - to the sides of the road where it may have undesired effects on e.g. vegetation, soil and groundwater, and possibly also on archaeological artefacts (metal, wood, cloth, bone, leather etc). The mechanisms responsible for the roadside exposure to salt are influenced by many factors such as wind, road surface condition, topography and surrounding vegetation. In many cases the salt will spread several tens of meters from the road, and in the worst cases raised levels of salt may be found up to some hundred meters from the road. When transported by groundwater, salt may be moved very far and may reach cultural layers in discharge areas where the ground water reaches the soil surface layers. This paper describes the problem of exposure to de-icing salt and the possible corrosion of archaeological artefacts with reference to a literature review and suggests some ways in which the extent of the suggested problem can be investigated by field studies under semi-controlled conditions and by a GIS survey.
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| 9. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Effekter av vintervägsaltning på kulturmiljö. En pilotstudie av fornlämningskategorin milstolpe
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En semikvantitativ pilotstudie av 72 milstolpar (35 av kalksten och 37 av gjutjärn) i Södermanlands respektive Östergötlands län har genomförts med syftet att studera sambandet mellan vintervägsalt-ning och milstolparnas skador. Milstolparnas skador har klassats utifrån högupplösta fotografier, dess avstånd från vägen och framsidans väderstreck. Rapporten visar att vissa delar av milstolpen är mer skadade än andra och att en trolig orsak till detta för gjutjärnsstolparna är vintervägsalt. Sambandet är inte lika tydligt för kalkstensstolpar där studien uppmanar till fördjupade undersökningar. Den förenklade och relativt kostnadseffektiva semikvantitativa metodiken framtagen i denna pilotstudie har visat sig fungera och har potentialen att förfinas.
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| 10. |
- Antonson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Experiencing moose and landscape while driving : a simulator and questionnaire study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 41, s. 91-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal vehicle collisions (AVC's) have large economic, medical and ecological consequences but have rarely been studied with respect to driver behaviour. The aim of this study was to investigate different AVC-relevant landscape settings (vegetation cover), with and without game fencing and in combination with encountering moose. Twenty-five participants took part in an advanced driving simulator experiment. The results show that neither the presence of a game fence nor vegetation was found to affect driving speed, speed variability, lateral position or visual scanning in general. When a moose appeared at the side of the road, the drivers reacted by slowing down earlier and reducing their speed more when no game fence was present. Furthermore, the speed reduction when a moose was present was significantly larger when the vegetation was sparse. Game fencing made drivers feel at ease whereas dense vegetation was experienced as more stressful.
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