| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bernal, Ximena E., et al.
(författare)
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Empowering Latina scientists
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 363:6429, s. 825-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Nguyen, Thanh N, et al.
(författare)
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Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: A 1-Year Follow-up.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 100:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, IVT treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases.There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the 1 year immediately before compared with 138,453 admissions during the 1-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% CI [95% CI 7.1-6.9]; p < 0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8% [5.1-4.6]; p < 0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1% [6.4-5.8]; p < 0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high-volume compared with low-volume centers (all p < 0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7% [0.6-0.9]; p = 0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31-1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82-2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations.There was a global decline and shift to lower-volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year.This study is registered under NCT04934020.
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| 4. |
- Aderne, Rian E., et al.
(författare)
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On the energy gap determination of organic optoelectronic materials : the case of porphyrin derivatives
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2633-5409. ; :3, s. 1791-1803
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The correct determination of the ionization potential (IP) and electron affinity (EA) as well as the energy gap is essential to properly characterize a series of key phenomena related to the applications of organic semiconductors. For example, energy offsets play an essential role in charge separation in organic photovoltaics. Yet there has been a lot of confusion involving the real physical meaning behind those quantities. Experimentally the energy gap can be measured by direct techniques such as UV-Vis absorption, or indirect techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV). Another spectroscopic method is the Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (REELS). Regarding data correlation, there is little consensus on how the REELS' energy gap can be interpreted in light of the energies obtained from other methodologies such as CV, UV-Vis, or photoemission. In addition, even data acquired using those traditional techniques has been misinterpreted or applied to derive conclusions beyond the limits imposed by the physics of the measurement. A similar situation also happens when different theoretical approaches are used to assess the energy gap or employed to explain outcomes from experiments. By using a set of porphyrin derivatives as model molecules, we discuss some key aspects of those important issues. The peculiar properties of these porphyrins demonstrate that even straightforward measurements or calculations performed in a group of very similar molecules need a careful interpretation of the outcomes. Differences up to 660 meV (similar to 190 meV) are found comparing REELS (electrochemical) measurements with UV-Vis energy gaps, for instance. From the theoretical point of view, a reasonable agreement with electrochemical measurements of the IP, EA, and the gap of the porphyrins is only obtained when the calculations involve the full thermodynamics of the redox processes. The purpose of this work is to shed light on the differences and similarities of those aforementioned characterization methods and provide some insight that might help one to develop a critical analysis of the different experimental and theoretical methodologies.
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| 5. |
- Araújo, Marco, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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A Multi-Criteria Approach to Decision Making in Broadband Technology Selection
- 2022
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Ingår i: Group Decision and Negotiation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0926-2644 .- 1572-9907. ; 31:2, s. 387-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new European Union regulatory framework for the telecom sector has been under a process of transposition to national laws by its member states that should have been completed by the end of 2020, notwithstanding some delays. A core purpose of the regulatory framework is to guarantee that most citizens will have access to very fast Internet connections, capable of 100 Mbps download link speed, regardless of where they live. According to this new framework, in areas where the market does not deliver, governments are to launch public tenders for the deployment, maintenance, and operations of network infrastructure as well as services, and public funds should be used to support the deployment of these broadband networks in less densely populated areas. Needless to say, public tenders of this nature are subject to different criteria when it comes to candidate evaluation. In this paper, we present a decision model for the selection of operators to deploy and maintain broadband networks in scarcely populated areas, taking into consideration infrastructure costs, the technical quality offered by the solutions, and the credibility of the candidates. We suggest an integrated multi-stakeholder multi-criteria approach and demonstrate how it can be used in this complex area and find that in the example provided, taking a relevant set of criteria into the analysis, optical fibre networks hold much higher chances to be used in these public tenders compared to networks based on the broadly favoured 5G technology.
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| 6. |
- Araújo, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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A real options approach to decision making in broadband technology selection
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Multicriteria Decision Making. - 2040-106X .- 2040-1078. ; 8:2, s. 184-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Union has recently launched an ambitious plan to mitigate drastically, by 2025, the number of households lacking access to a 100 Mbps broadband connection through the subsidisation of the deployment of network infrastructure in rural areas. Decision makers such as governments and regulatory authorities therefore have to choose, among a pool of alternatives, a technology capable of delivering the required throughput on a large scale, based on a trade-off between the infrastructure costs and the subscribers’ perceived utility for each alternative. Such a trade-off is not simple, since there is no straightforward manner to rank the subscribers’ perceived utility against the network infrastructure cost. In this article, we propose a methodology based on real options, which outputs the value of each technology using multi-attribute value theory as an input, alongside the project’s risk and its costs.
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| 7. |
- Araújo, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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A Utility Based Price Model for High Capacity Rural Networks in the European Union
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). - : IEEE. - 9781538660102 - 9781538660096 ; , s. 253-258
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Union has been battling against the digital divide for several decades now when trying to mitigate the risk of social exclusion arising from the lack of broadband access, preventing citizens from full social and economic participation in the society. This has been done in the past by ensuring that a minimum set of services would be available to all end-users at an affordable price. However, various aspects of the rapid advances in technology, market developments and changes in user demand as well as the evolution of the telecommunications infrastructure (5G, IoT, Cloud, gigabit access, etc) increase the risk that citizens of rural areas are facing a severe risk of digital exclusion. To avoid this risk, the concept of subsidised rural networks was created by the European Commission. The idea as such is laudable, but the price tag remains unknown, which severely violates its implementability. In this article, based on the actual cost in a subsidised, but competitive, environment, we suggest a novel approach to realistically determine fair end-user's prices.
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| 8. |
- Araújo, Marco, 1982-
(författare)
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Infrastructure deployment in unprofitable areas : A techno-economic model for multiple criteria decision analysis under the European Union telecommunications regulatory framework
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the European Union significant asymmetries prevail among member states in the most diverse areas. The telecom sector is no exception to this, with some members being much more advanced than others. Within the member states asymmetries also occur. And if we extrapolate this to a broader audience, for example the OECD, the European Union has been far away from some other members in what concerns asymmetries within own countries, with Japan and South Korea being the most evident. In 2016 the European Commission proposed a new regulatory framework for the telecom sector which was adopted in late 2018 by the European Parliament and must be transposed to national laws by member-states by late 2020. As we move towards the digital revolution, the so-called industry 4.0, the new EU regulatory framework has the aim of removing most of these asymmetries, by guaranteeing that most citizens will have access to a very fast Internet connection regardless of where they live. This regulatory framework provides some guidance and goals and funding objectives, but for operators and governments this is just not sufficient per se. Against this background, the overall research issue of this thesis is a methodological approach to how to determine the best access technology from a multi-criteria and multi-stakeholder perspective. In particular, to provide coverage in a certain region who lacks service a priori (therefore unprofitable by nature), problematics to be addressed include: i) what are exactly the new regulatory framework guidelines; ii) which strategic operational model to use; iii) what is the most appropriate technology to achieve these objectives; iv) how to handle the pricing incognita and all the financial component; v) how risky it is to make these objectives a reality.
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| 9. |
- Araújo, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Risk assessment in 5G infrastructure deployment : an aid tool for estimating spectrum auction prices
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW). - : IEEE. - 9781728109237 - 9781728109220
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risks are significant when implementing large-scale projects such as 5G. The higher the overall risk of the 5G project, the lower the operators’ willingness to invest in millimetre wave spectrum and vice-versa; i.e. the price of the spectrum should be negatively correlated with the overall project risk. In this paper, we propose an array-based method for estimating financial risks when introducing 5G and its correspondence with spectrum prices. The method is based on Monte Carlo simulations, for deriving an appropriate maximum value for the operator’ willingness to pay for a 5G license.
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| 10. |
- Araújo, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Rural Networks Cost Comparison Between 5G (Mobile) and FTTx (Fixed) Scenarios
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). - : IEEE. - 9781538660102 - 9781538660096 ; , s. 259-264
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we simulate the infrastructure costs for very fast networks in rural areas. FTTH technology has been around for at least a decade, but two brand new technologies are expected to launch commercially in the next couple of years: 5G and G. Fast. This could have a strong impact on infrastructure costs and the fulfilment of the European Union, rural coverage objectives. 5G seems to be very promising since LTE is not a reasonable solution for very fast networks. FTTC has so far not been a valid alternative, since for the last mile, the only options for FTTC has been ADSL and VDSL, which however cannot reach very fast data rates. G.Fast is three times faster than VDSL and has the advantage, comparing to FTTH, that the last mile infrastructure is already build in the form of copper local loop.
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