| 1. |
- Armand, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Lithium-ion batteries – Current state of the art and anticipated developments
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium-ion batteries are the state-of-the-art electrochemical energy storage technology for mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles. Accordingly, they have attracted a continuously increasing interest in academia and industry, which has led to a steady improvement in energy and power density, while the costs have decreased at even faster pace. Important questions, though, are, to which extent and how (fast) the performance can be further improved, and how the envisioned goal of truly sustainable energy storage can be realized. Herein, we combine a comprehensive review of important findings and developments in this field that have enabled their tremendous success with an overview of very recent trends concerning the active materials for the negative and positive electrode as well as the electrolyte. Moreover, we critically discuss current and anticipated electrode fabrication processes, as well as an essential prerequisite for “greener” batteries – the recycling. In each of these chapters, we eventually summarize important remaining challenges and propose potential directions for further improvement. Finally, we conclude this article with a brief summary of the performance metrics of commercial lithium-ion cells and a few thoughts towards the future development of this technology including several key performance indicators for the mid-term to long-term future.
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| 2. |
- Bena, Frederique, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular and clinical characterization of 25 individuals with exonic deletions of NRXN1 and comprehensive review of the literature
- 2013
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B. - : Wiley. - 1552-4841 .- 1552-485X. ; 162B:4, s. 388-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to elucidate the observed variable phenotypic expressivity associated with NRXN1 (Neurexin 1) haploinsufficiency by analyses of the largest cohort of patients with NRXN1 exonic deletions described to date and by comprehensively reviewing all comparable copy number variants in all disease cohorts that have been published in the peer reviewed literature (30 separate papers in all). Assessment of the clinical details in 25 previously undescribed individuals with NRXN1 exonic deletions demonstrated recurrent phenotypic features consisting of moderate to severe intellectual disability (91%), severe language delay (81%), autism spectrum disorder (65%), seizures (43%), and hypotonia (38%). These showed considerable overlap with previously reported NRXN1-deletion associated phenotypes in terms of both spectrum and frequency. However, we did not find evidence for an association between deletions involving the -isoform of neurexin-1 and increased head size, as was recently published in four cases with a deletion involving the C-terminus of NRXN1. We identified additional rare copy number variants in 20% of cases. This study supports a pathogenic role for heterozygous exonic deletions of NRXN1 in neurodevelopmental disorders. The additional rare copy number variants identified may act as possible phenotypic modifiers as suggested in a recent digenic model of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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| 3. |
- de Jong, Yde, et al.
(författare)
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PESI - a taxonomic backbone for Europe
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biodiversity Data Journal. - 1314-2836 .- 1314-2828. ; 3, s. 1-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable taxonomy underpins communication in all of biology, not least nature conservation and sustainable use of ecosystem resources. The flexibility of taxonomic interpretations, however, presents a serious challenge for end-users of taxonomic concepts. Users need standardised and continuously harmonised taxonomic reference systems, as well as high-quality and complete taxonomic data sets, but these are generally lacking for non-specialists. The solution is in dynamic, expertly curated web-based taxonomic tools.The Pan-European Species-directories Infrastructure (PESI) worked to solve this key issue by providing a taxonomic e-infrastructure for Europe. It strengthened the relevant social (expertise) and information (standards, data and technical) capacities of five major community networks on taxonomic indexing in Europe, which is essential for proper biodiversity assessment and monitoring activities. The key objectives of PESI were: 1) standardisation in taxonomic reference systems, 2) enhancement of the quality and completeness of taxonomic data sets and 3) creation of integrated access to taxonomic information.This paper describes the results of PESI and its future prospects, including the involvement in major European biodiversity informatics initiatives and programs.
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| 4. |
- Forestier, C., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative investigation of solid electrolyte interphases created by the electrolyte additives vinyl ethylene carbonate and dicyano ketene vinyl ethylene acetal
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753. ; 345, s. 212-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the replacement of the carbonyl oxygen in VEC additive by =C(CN)(2) in the analogous dicyano ketene vinyl ethylene acetal (DCKVEA) on the electrochemical reduction profile is significant. Yet, the additives were proven, through IR spectroscopy supported by DFT computations, by applying EELS techniques and performing synthesis of a reduction product, to reduce in a similar way. Interestingly, the reduction-induced capacities were found to be quite different and can be explained either by the different properties of the SEI, from lithium carbonate and its malononitrile homologue, or by the different abilities of the two additives to solvate Li+.
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| 5. |
- Grugeon, S., et al.
(författare)
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Towards a better understanding of vinylene carbonate derived SEI-layers by synthesis of reduction compounds
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753. ; 427, s. 77-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here two chemical reduction pathways to synthesize the vinylene carbonate (VC)and poly(VC)reduction products are investigated, with the precise aim of further deciphering the lithium-ion battery solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)layer composition and the associated reduction mechanisms. The liquid synthesis pathway offers the opportunity of varying the concentration of Li-4,4′-Di-tert-butylbiphenyl reducing agent, whereas the dry synthesis pathway by ball milling allows to solve issues related to solvent-induced side reactions and washing procedure. As a result, the two syntheses do not unveil the same reduction mechanisms, favouring either carboxylate or carbonate salts as the major end product. The latter pathway is very efficient in terms of providing SEI-layers products resulting in well-defined IR spectra and comparisons with simulated spectra enable us to obtain IR fingerprints of the Li di-vinylene di-carbonate (LDVD)compound. Taken together the synthesis procedures provide information on conditions favouring radical polymerization and further poly(VC)reduction into Li 2 CO 3 and polyacetylene. Overall, this chemical simulation of SEI-layers formation assists in a proper characterization of the SEI-layers created on graphite surfaces by their IR spectra showing that Li 2 CO 3 , LDVD and poly(VC)are all present in different proportions dependent on the VC content in the electrolyte.
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| 6. |
- Hernández, Guiomar, et al.
(författare)
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Polyimide-polyether bindersediminishing the carbon content in lithium-sulfur batteries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Materials Today Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-6069. ; 6, s. 264-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium-sulfur batteries are on the run to become the next generation energy storage technology. First of all due to its high theoretical energy density but also for its sustainability and low cost. However, there are still several challenges to take into account such as reducing the shuttle effect, decreasing the amount of conductive carbon to increase the energy density or enhancing the sulfur utilization. Herein, redox-active binders based on polyimide-polyether copolymers have been proposed as a solution to those drawbacks. These multiblock copolymers combine the ability of poly (ethylene oxide) to act as polysulfide trap and the properties of the imide groups to redox mediate the charge-discharge of sulfur. Thus, poly (ethylene oxide) block helps with the shuttle effect and mass transport in the electrode whereas the polyimide part enhances the charge transfer promoting the sulfur utilization. Sulfur cathodes containing pyromellitic, naphthalene or perylene polyimide-polyether binders featured improved cell performance in comparison with pure PEO binder. Among them, the electrode with naphthalene polyimide-PEO binder showed the best results with an initial capacity of 1300 mA h g(-1) at C/5, low polarization and 70% capacity retention after 30 cycles. Reducing the amount of carbon black in the cathode to 5 wt%, the cell with the redox-active binder was able to deliver 500 mA h g(-1) at C/5 with 78% capacity retention after 20 cycles. Our results demonstrate the possibility to reduce the amount of carbon by introducing polyimide-polyether copolymers as redox-active binders, increasing the sulfur utilization, redox kinetics and stability of the cell. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Huang, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Echocardiography findings in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units: a multi-national observational study (the ECHO-COVID study)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - : SPRINGER. - 0342-4642 .- 1432-1238. ; 48, s. 667-678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Severely ill patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop circulatory failure. We aimed to report patterns of left and right ventricular dysfunction in the first echocardiography following admission to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Retrospective, descriptive study that collected echocardiographic and clinical information from severely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to 14 ICUs in 8 countries. Patients admitted to ICU who received at least one echocardiography between 1st February 2020 and 30th June 2021 were included. Clinical and echocardiographic data were uploaded using a secured web-based electronic database (REDCap). Results Six hundred and seventy-seven patients were included and the first echo was performed 2 [1, 4] days after ICU admission. The median age was 65 [56, 73] years, and 71% were male. Left ventricle (LV) and/or right ventricle (RV) systolic dysfunction were found in 234 (34.5%) patients. 149 (22%) patients had LV systolic dysfunction (with or without RV dysfunction) without LV dilatation and no elevation in filling pressure. 152 (22.5%) had RV systolic dysfunction. In 517 patients with information on both paradoxical septal motion and quantitative RV size, 90 (17.4%) had acute cor pulmonale (ACP). ACP was associated with mechanical ventilation (OR > 4), pulmonary embolism (OR > 5) and increased PaCO2. Exploratory analyses showed that patients with ACP and older age were more likely to die in hospital (including ICU). Conclusion Almost one-third of this cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients exhibited abnormal LV and/or RV systolic function in their first echocardiography assessment. While LV systolic dysfunction appears similar to septic cardiomyopathy, RV systolic dysfunction was related to pressure overload due to positive pressure ventilation, hypercapnia and pulmonary embolism. ACP and age seemed to be associated with mortality in this cohort.
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| 9. |
- Jankowski, Piotr, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Anion amphiprotic ionic liquids as protic electrolyte matrices allowing sodium metal plating
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1364-548X .- 1359-7345. ; 55:83, s. 12523-12526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sodium-ion battery (SIB) is proposed as a complementary technology to today's commercially dominant lithium-ion battery (LIB). While much know-how can be transferred from LIBs to SIBs, adjustments are still necessary, not the least for the electrolytes employed. Here the use of anion amphiprotic ionic liquid (AAIL) based electrolytes is proposed for SIB application. Two different AAILs, based on organic trifluoromethylsulfonylamide (TFSAm) and inorganic HSO4- anions, respectively, doped with NaTFSI salt have been studied, focusing on electrochemical stability and transport properties, complemented by studies of the ion-ion interactions, and final sodium-ion battery performance via stripping/plating vs. sodium metal electrodes.
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| 10. |
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