| 1. |
- Arnardottir, Erna Sif, et al.
(författare)
-
Nocturnal sweating - a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnoea : the Icelandic sleep apnoea cohort
- 2013
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 3:5, s. e002795-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of frequent nocturnal sweating in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients compared with the general population and evaluate the possible changes with positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment. Nocturnal sweating can be very bothersome to the patient and bed partner. Design: Case-control and longitudinal cohort study. Setting: Landspitali-The National University Hospital, Iceland. Participants: The Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort consisted of 822 untreated patients with OSA, referred for treatment with PAP. Of these, 700 patients were also assessed at a 2-year follow-up. The control group consisted of 703 randomly selected subjects from the general population. Intervention: PAP therapy in the OSA cohort. Main outcome measures: Subjective reporting of nocturnal sweating on a frequency scale of 1-5: (1) never or very seldom, (2) less than once a week, (3) once to twice a week, (4) 3-5 times a week and (5) every night or almost every night. Full PAP treatment was defined objectively as the use for = 4 h/day and = 5 days/week. Results: Frequent nocturnal sweating (= 3x a week) was reported by 30.6% of male and 33.3% of female OSA patients compared with 9.3% of men and 12.4% of women in the general population (p<0.001). This difference remained significant after adjustment for demographic factors. Nocturnal sweating was related to younger age, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, sleepiness and insomnia symptoms. The prevalence of frequent nocturnal sweating decreased with full PAP treatment (from 33.2% to 11.5%, p<0.003 compared with the change in non-users). Conclusions: The prevalence of frequent nocturnal sweating was threefold higher in untreated OSA patients than in the general population and decreased to general population levels with successful PAP therapy. Practitioners should consider the possibility of OSA in their patients who complain of nocturnal sweating.
|
|
| 2. |
- Benediktsdottir, Bryndis, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of restless legs syndrome among adults in Iceland and Sweden : Lung function, comorbidity, ferritin, biomarkers and quality of life
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 11:10, s. 1043-1048
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study investigates the prevalence and the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and a large variety of health variables in two well-characterized random samples from the general population in Reykjavik, Iceland, and Uppsala, Sweden. Methods: Using the national registries of inhabitants, a random sample from adults aged 40 and over living in Reykjavík, Iceland (n= 939), and Uppsala, Sweden (n= 998), were invited to participate in a study on the prevalence of COPD (response rate 81.1% and 62.2%). In addition, the participants were asked to answer the following questionnaires: International RLS Rating Scale, Short Form-12, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and questions about sleep, gastroeosophageal reflux, diabetes and hypertension, as well as pharmacological treatment. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin were measured in serum. Results: RLS was more commonly reported in Reykjavik (18.3%) than in Uppsala (11.5%). Icelandic women reported RLS almost twice as often as Swedish women (24.4 vs. 13.9% p= 0.001), but there was no difference in prevalence of RLS between Icelandic and Swedish men. RLS was strongly associated with sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness. Subjects with RLS were more likely to be ex- and current smokers than subjects without RLS (p< 0.001). Respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction were more prevalent among those reporting RLS and they also estimated their physical quality of life lower than those without RLS (p< 0.001). RLS was not associated with symptoms of the metabolic syndrome like hypertension, obesity, markers of systemic inflammation (IL-6 and CRP) or cardiovascular diseases. Ferritin levels were significantly lower in RLS participants (p= 0.0002), but not (p= 0.07) after adjustment for center, age, sex and smoking history. Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome was twice as common among Icelandic women compared to Swedish women. No such difference was seen for men. RLS was strongly associated with smoking and respiratory symptoms, decreased lung function, sleep disturbances, excessive daytime sleepiness, and physical aspects of life quality. RLS was not associated with markers of the metabolic syndrome like hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases or biomarkers of systemic inflammation.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bjornsdottir, Erla, et al.
(författare)
-
Quality of life among untreated sleep apnea patients compared with the general population and changes after treatment with positive airway pressure
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 24:3, s. 328-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obstructive sleep apnea leads to recurrent arousals from sleep, oxygen desaturations, daytime sleepiness and fatigue. This can have an adverse impact on quality of life. The aims of this study were to compare: (i) quality of life between the general population and untreated patients with obstructive sleep apnea; and (ii) changes of quality of life among patients with obstructive sleep apnea after 2 years of positive airway pressure treatment between adherent patients and non-users. Propensity score methodologies were used in order to minimize selection bias and strengthen causal inferences. The enrolled obstructive sleep apnea subjects (n = 822) were newly diagnosed with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea who were starting positive airway pressure treatment, and the general population subjects (n = 742) were randomly selected Icelanders. The Short Form 12 was used to measure quality of life. Untreated patients with obstructive sleep apnea had a worse quality of life when compared with the general population. This effect remained significant after using propensity scores to select samples, balanced with regard to age, body mass index, gender, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We did not find significant overall differences between full and non-users of positive airway pressure in improvement of quality of life from baseline to follow-up. However, there was a trend towards more improvement in physical quality of life for positive airway pressure-adherent patients, and the most obese subjects improved their physical quality of life more. The results suggest that co-morbidities of obstructive sleep apnea, such as obesity, insomnia and daytime sleepiness, have a great effect on life qualities and need to be taken into account and addressed with additional interventions.
|
|
| 4. |
- Emtner, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of physical training on fat-free mass in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 120:1, s. 52-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Weight loss and depletion of fat-free mass are common problems in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are related to muscular weakness and exercise intolerance. Physical training of COPD patients has good effect on exercise tolerance and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine factors that affect change in fat-free mass after physical training, in patients with COPD.Patients. Patients were examined before and after a 4-month exercise period. Weight and height were measured, and bioelectrical impedance was performed. Fat-free mass (FFM) was calculated, by a three-compartment model, and fat-free mass index (FFMI) was calculated as FFM kg/m(2) and body mass index (BMI) as kg/m(2). A symptom-limited ramp ergometer test and 12-minute walk test (12MWT) were performed. Dyspnoea score of daily activities was determined by Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ). Blood was taken for analyses of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen. Patients with a BMI <21 kg/m(2) were given nutritional support during the training period.Results. A total of 27 patients completed the training (64 years, FEV1 31% of predicted). Patients with low FFMI gained 1.2 kg, whereas those with normal FFMI lost 0.7 kg (p = 0.04). In multivariate analyses high age (p = 0.03), low FEV1 (p = 0.02), and a high level of dyspnoea (p = 0.01) at baseline were found to be negative predictors for increase in FFM. Conclusions. Difficulties in increasing the fat-free mass in COPD patients by physical training seem to be associated with dyspnoea in daily life and impaired lung function (FEV1).
|
|
| 5. |
- Korkalainen, Henri, et al.
(författare)
-
Review and perspective on sleep-disordered breathing research and translation to clinics
- 2024
-
Ingår i: SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS. - 1087-0792 .- 1532-2955. ; 73
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sleep-disordered breathing, ranging from habitual snoring to severe obstructive sleep apnea, is a prevalent public health issue. Despite rising interest in sleep and awareness of sleep disorders, sleep research and diagnostic practices still rely on outdated metrics and laborious methods reducing the diagnostic capacity and preventing timely diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, a significant portion of individuals affected by sleep-disordered breathing remain undiagnosed or are misdiagnosed. Taking advantage of state-of-the-art scientific, technological, and computational advances could be an effective way to optimize the diagnostic and treatment pathways. We discuss state-of-the-art multidisciplinary research, review the shortcomings in the current practices of SDB diagnosis and management in adult populations, and provide possible future directions. We critically review the opportunities for modern data analysis methods and machine learning to combine multimodal information, provide a perspective on the pitfalls of big data analysis, and discuss approaches for developing analysis strategies that overcome current limitations. We argue that large-scale and multidisciplinary collaborative efforts based on clinical, scientific, and technical knowledge and rigorous clinical validation and implementation of the outcomes in practice are needed to move the research of sleep-disordered breathing forward, thus increasing the quality of diagnostics and treatment.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
