| 1. |
- Alasfar, Lina, et al.
(författare)
-
Effective Field Theory descriptions of Higgs boson pair production
- 2024
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Higgs boson pair production is traditionally considered to be of particular interest for a measurement of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. Yet it can offer insights into other couplings as well, since - in an effective field theory (EFT) parameterisation of potential new physics - both the production cross section and kinematical properties of the Higgs boson pair depend on various other Wilson coefficients of EFT operators. This note summarises the ongoing efforts related to the development of EFT tools for Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion, and provides recommendations for the use of distinct EFT parameterisations in the Higgs boson pair production process. This document also outlines where further efforts are needed and provides a detailed analysis of theoretical uncertainties. Additionally, benchmark scenarios are updated. We also re-derive a parameterisation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections in terms of the EFT Wilson coefficients both for the total cross section and the distribution in the invariant mass of the Higgs boson pair, providing for the first time also the covariance matrix. A reweighting procedure making use of the newly derived coefficients is validated, which can be used to significantly speed up experimental analyses.
|
|
| 2. |
- Arnaud, Ludovic, et al.
(författare)
-
Preliminary observations of sperm storage in Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae): sperm size and number
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Applied Entomology and Zoology. - : Japanese Society of Applied Entomology & Zoology. - 1347-605X .- 0003-6862. ; 38:3, s. 301-304
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sperm storage in Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) was examined and compared between diapausing and non-diapausing females. We observed that non-diapausing females store on average 13,688 (+/-722, S.E.) sperm in their spermatheca and that every female examined had sperm in storage (n = 16). In contrast, most diapausing females had empty spermatheca and only two had sperm in storage (n = 15). Mean sperm number in diapausing females was 250 (+/-112, S.E.). The mean length of the spermatozoa stored by non-diapausing females was 2,068.5 mum (+/-9.8, S.E.), ranging from 1,530.8 to 3,171.7 mum. Sperm length in diapausing females was only measurable in one female and was of 2,102.9 mum (+/-22.4, S.E.).
|
|
| 3. |
- Bernasconi, G, et al.
(författare)
-
Do spermathecal morphology and inter-mating interval influence paternity in the polyandrous beetle Tribolium castaneum?
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Behaviour. - : Brill. - 1568-539X .- 0005-7959. ; 143:5, s. 643-658
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In polyandrous insects, postcopulatory sexual selection is a pervasive evolutionary force favouring male and female traits that allow control of offspring paternity. Males may influence paternity through adaptations for sperm competition, and females through adaptations facilitating cryptic female choice. Yet, the mechanisms are often complex, involving behaviour, physiology or morphology, and they are difficult to identify. In red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum), paternity varies widely, and evidence Suggests that both male and female traits influence the outcome of sperm competition. To test the role of spermathecal morphology and of sperm storage processes on the outcome of sperm competition, we mated each of 26 virgin females with two males. one of which carrying a phenotypic marker to assign offspring paternity. We manipulated the interval between mating with the first and the second male, to create different conditions of sperm storage (overlapping and non-overlapping) in the female reproductive tract. To investigate the role of sperm storage more closely. we examined the relationship between paternity and spermathecal morphology in a subset of 14 experimental females. In addition, we also characterized variation in spermathecal morphology in three different strains, wildtype, Chicago black and Reindeer. No significant influence of the intermating interval was found on the paternity of the focal male, although the direction of the difference was in the expected direction of higher last male paternity for longer intervals. Moreover, paternity was not significantly associated with spermathecal morphology, although spermathecal volume, complexity, and tubule width varied significantly and substantially among individuals in all investigated strains.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cacucci, Arnaud, et al.
(författare)
-
Flash annealing influence on structural and electrical properties of TiO2/TiO/Ti periodic multilayers
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 553, s. 47-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multilayered structures with a 40 nm period composed of titanium and two different titanium oxides, TiO and TiO2, were accurately produced by DC magnetron sputtering using the reactive gas pulsing process. These multilayers were sputtered onto Al2O3 sapphire to avoid substrate compound diffusion during flash annealing ( ranging from 350 degrees C to 550 degrees C). Structure and composition of these periodic TiO2/TiO/Ti stacks were investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and transmission electronic microscopy techniques. Two crystalline phases alpha-Ti and fcc-TiO were identified in the metallic-rich sub-layers whereas the oxygen-rich ones were composed of a mixture of amorphous and rutile TiO2 phase. DC electrical resistivity. measured for temperatures ranging from 25 to 200 degrees C was influenced by the thermal treatments. The temperature coefficients of resistance of these periodic TiO2/TiO/Ti multilayers were modified from 11.7 x 10(-04) to -8.81 x 10(-04) K-1. Local changes of crystallinity were reported and the resistivity responses of these annealed films could be linked to the typical electrical behavior of a metal-oxide mixture.
|
|
| 5. |
- Joanne, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
-
Impaired Adaptive Response to Mechanical Overloading in Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:4, s. e35346-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dystrophin contributes to force transmission and has a protein-scaffolding role for a variety of signaling complexes in skeletal muscle. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the muscle adaptive response following mechanical overloading (ML) would be decreased in MDX dystrophic muscle lacking dystrophin. We found that the gains in muscle maximal force production and fatigue resistance in response to ML were both reduced in MDX mice as compared to healthy mice. MDX muscle also exhibited decreased cellular and molecular muscle remodeling (hypertrophy and promotion of slower/oxidative fiber type) in response to ML, and altered intracellular signalings involved in muscle growth and maintenance (mTOR, myostatin, follistatin, AMPK alpha 1, REDD1, atrogin-1, Bnip3). Moreover, dystrophin rescue via exon skipping restored the adaptive response to ML. Therefore our results demonstrate that the adaptive response in response to ML is impaired in dystrophic MDX muscle, most likely because of the dystrophin crucial role.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lin, Qi, et al.
(författare)
-
Transient social-ecological dynamics reveal signals of decoupling in a highly disturbed Anthropocene landscape
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 121:17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the transient dynamics of interlinked social-ecological systems (SES) is imperative for assessing sustainability in the Anthropocene. However, how to identify critical transitions in real-world SES remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we present an evolutionary framework to characterize these dynamics over an extended historical timeline. Our approach leverages multidecadal rates of change in socioeconomic data, paleoenvironmental, and cutting-edge sedimentary ancient DNA records from China's Yangtze River Delta, one of the most densely populated and intensively modified landscapes on Earth. Our analysis reveals two significant social-ecological transitions characterized by contrasting interactions and feedback spanning several centuries. Initially, the regional SES exhibited a loosely connected and ecologically sustainable regime. Nevertheless, starting in the 1950s, an increasingly interconnected regime emerged, ultimately resulting in the crossing of tipping points and an unprecedented acceleration in soil erosion, water eutrophication, and ecosystem degradation. Remarkably, the second transition occurring around the 2000s, featured a notable decoupling of socioeconomic development from ecoenvironmental degradation. This decoupling phenomenon signifies a more desirable reconfiguration of the regional SES, furnishing essential insights not only for the Yangtze River Basin but also for regions worldwide grappling with similar sustainability challenges. Our extensive multidecadal empirical investigation underscores the value of coevolutionary approaches in understanding and addressing social-ecological system dynamics.
|
|
| 7. |
- Mounier, Remi, et al.
(författare)
-
AMPK alpha 1 Regulates Macrophage Skewing at the Time of Resolution of Inflammation during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-4131. ; 18:2, s. 251-264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Macrophages control the resolution of inflammation through the transition from a proinflammatory (M1) to an anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Here, we present evidence for a role of AMPK alpha 1, a master regulator of energy homeostasis, in macrophage skewing that occurs during skeletal muscle regeneration. Muscle regeneration was impaired in AMPK alpha 1(-/-) mice. In vivo loss-of-function (LysM-Cre;AMPK alpha 1(fl/fl) mouse) and rescue (bone marrow transplantation) experiments showed that macrophagic AMPK alpha 1 was required for muscle regeneration. Cell-based experiments revealed that AMPK alpha 1(-/-) macrophages did not fully acquire the phenotype or the functions of M2 cells. In vivo, AMPK alpha 1(-/-) leukocytes did not acquire the expression of M2 markers during muscle regeneration. Skewing from M1 toward M2 phenotype upon phagocytosis of necrotic and apoptotic cells was impaired in AMPK alpha 1(-/-) macrophages and when AMPK activation was prevented by the inhibition of its upstream activator, CaMKK beta. In conclusion, AMPK alpha 1 is crucial for phagocytosis-induced macrophage skewing from a pro-to anti-inflammatory phenotype at the time of resolution of inflammation.
|
|
| 8. |
- Verheggen, F, et al.
(författare)
-
Electrophysiological and Behavioral Activity of Secondary Metabolites in the Confused Flour Beetle, Tribolium confusum
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 33:3, s. 525-539
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several previous studies have addressed pheromone communication in various flour beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), including the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (du Val). Different stereoisomers of 4,8-dimethyldecanal (DMD) were reported as the only components of an aggregation pheromone, but the behavioral activity of DMD is low. In the present study, additional previously reported secondary metabolites (benzoquinones and hydrocarbons) were tested for electrophysiological activity (EAG) with both sexes of T. confusum. Two benzoquinones and three monoenic hydrocarbons elicited significant EAG activity from both male and female antennae. There was an elevated male EAG response (vs. the females) to two out of the three hydrocarbons and for both quinones. The EAG-active compounds were subsequently investigated for behavioral activity in a walking bioassay. Benzoquinones are considered toxic and have been assigned a function as alarm substances in flour beetles, but we found that methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone in intermediate concentrations was attractive to both male and female beetles and could therefore act as an aggregation pheromone component. Males were also attracted to ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone. The corresponding hydroquinones, presumed precursors of the benzoquinones, did not elicit any electrophysiological response and were not tested for behavioral activity. The unsaturated hydrocarbons (1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, and 1-hexadecene) elicited significant EAG responses from both male and female antennae and were also attractive in the behavioral assay. Our results show that several beetle-produced compounds, in addition to 4,8-dimethyldecanal, may be part of a complex pheromone system in flour beetles and play a role in mediating aggregation in T. confusum.
|
|
