| 1. |
- Marjonen, Heidi, et al.
(författare)
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A Web Portal for Communicating Polygenic Risk Score Results for Health Care Use—The P5 Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Genetics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-8021. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method for communicating personalized genetic risk information to citizens and their physicians using a secure web portal. We apply the method for 3,177 Finnish individuals in the P5 Study where estimates of genetic and absolute risk, based on genetic and clinical risk factors, of future disease are reported to study participants, allowing individuals to participate in managing their own health. Our method facilitates using polygenic risk score as a personalized tool to estimate a person’s future disease risk while offering a way for health care professionals to utilize the polygenic risk scores as a preventive tool in patient care.
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| 2. |
- Moisala, M., et al.
(författare)
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Gaming is related to enhanced working memory performance and task-related cortical activity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1655, s. 204-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gaming experience has been suggested to lead to performance enhancements in a wide variety of working memory tasks. Previous studies have, however, mostly focused on adult expert gamers and have not included measurements of both behavioral performance and brain activity. In the current study, 167 adolescents and young adults (aged 13–24 years) with different amounts of gaming experience performed an n-back working memory task with vowels, with the sensory modality of the vowel stream switching between audition and vision at random intervals. We studied the relationship between self-reported daily gaming activity, working memory (n-back) task performance and related brain activity measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results revealed that the extent of daily gaming activity was related to enhancements in both performance accuracy and speed during the most demanding (2-back) level of the working memory task. This improved working memory performance was accompanied by enhanced recruitment of a fronto-parietal cortical network, especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In contrast, during the less demanding (1-back) level of the task, gaming was associated with decreased activity in the same cortical regions. Our results suggest that a greater degree of daily gaming experience is associated with better working memory functioning and task difficulty-dependent modulation in fronto-parietal brain activity already in adolescence and even when non-expert gamers are studied. The direction of causality within this association cannot be inferred with certainty due to the correlational nature of the current study.
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| 3. |
- Moisala, M., et al.
(författare)
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Media multitasking is associated with distractibility and increased prefrontal activity in adolescents and young adults
- 2016
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Ingår i: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1053-8119 .- 1095-9572. ; 134, s. 113-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current generation of young people indulges in more media multitasking behavior (e.g., instant messaging while watching videos) in their everyday lives than older generations. Concerns have been raised about how this might affect their attentional functioning, as previous studies have indicated that extensive media multitasking in everyday life may be associated with decreased attentional control. In the current study, 149 adolescents and young adults (aged 13–24 years) performed speech-listening and reading tasks that required maintaining attention in the presence of distractor stimuli in the other modality or dividing attention between two concurrent tasks. Brain activity during task performance was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We studied the relationship between self-reported daily media multitasking (MMT), task performance and brain activity during task performance. The results showed that in the presence of distractor stimuli, a higher MMT score was associated with worse performance and increased brain activity in right prefrontal regions. The level of performance during divided attention did not depend on MMT. This suggests that daily media multitasking is associated with behavioral distractibility and increased recruitment of brain areas involved in attentional and inhibitory control, and that media multitasking in everyday life does not translate to performance benefits in multitasking in laboratory settings.
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| 4. |
- Salmela-Aro, Katariina, et al.
(författare)
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School burnout and engagement profiles among digital natives in Finland : a person-oriented approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Developmental Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-5629 .- 1740-5610. ; 13:6, s. 704-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Applying a person-oriented approach, this study set out to examine what profilesof school engagement and school burnout (i.e., exhaustion, cynicism, inadequacy)can be identified among elementary school children at age 12, a generation alsooften referred to as the generation of digital natives. We compared the groupmemberships in their use of socio-digital technologies and related functioning aswe expected to find a gap between some digital natives and current educationalpractices which do not include socio-digital technology in feelings of cynicismtowards school. Latent profile analysis identified five groups: Engaged (50%)students, who formed the majority; Stressed (4%) students, who reported highexhaustion and high inadequacy as a student; Students High in cynicism (burnoutgroup) (5%) with high scores on all the components of school burnout, particularlycynicism, but also on exhaustion and inadequacy as a student; students Moderatein Cynicism (15%), whose cynicism was directed in particular towards studying andschool; and, finally, students Emerging Cynicism (bored group) (26%), whose feelingsof cynicism were nevertheless elevated. These results thus revealed that almosthalf (46%) of the elementary students felt some degree of cynicism towards school,thereby supporting our gap hypothesis: these groups of cynical students reportedthat they would be more engaged at school if socio-digital technologies wereused at school. These results indicate that one way to promote the engagementof cynical students might be to offer them the possibility to make greater use ofsocio-digital technologies at school.
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