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- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and translational allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1, s. 58-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Artesani, A., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring metal ion leaching in oil-ZnO paint systems with a paramagnetic probe
- 2019
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Ingår i: Microchemical Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-265X. ; 151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zinc oxide (ZnO), used as a pigment since the 19th C., is highly reactive when mixed with drying oils. Indeed, the combination of metal-based pigments and drying oils may react to form metal complexes in paint, which may lead to the aggregation of metal carboxylates or soaps. Whereas the mechanism and chemistry behind metal soap formation has been studied in depth, little research has focused on the changes that affect the inorganic pigment particles. In this work, we concentrate on the first phase of these reactions and monitor the evolution of an oil-ZnO paint system through Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. By employing CuII as a paramagnetic probe, the progression of metal ion leaching from ZnO is followed through the switching of CuII from a silent tetrahedral coordination in ZnO bulk to an EPR active pseudo-octahedral coordination. Complementarily, the effective concentration of dissolved or extracted Zn and Cu is quantified through Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The experiment probes the spontaneous metal ion release in oil-based paint films and demonstrates that the kinetics of this phenomenon proceeds with a very steep increase in the first hours after mixing. This is followed by the saturation of the grow rate after a few days that we ascribe to the passivation of the ZnO pigment surface by carboxylate groups, which hinders the further leaching of metal ions, leading to a steady-state before the complete hardening or oxidation of the paint film. © 2019
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