| 1. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 2. |
- Alexander, Keith, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2004
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Ingår i: Facilities Management: Innovation and Performance. - : Routledge. - 9781134356904 ; , s. 1-12
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The agenda for the First International Research Symposium on Facilities Management, organised by the University of Salford on behalf of the European Facility Management network, EuroFM, and held in Salford in April 2002, sought to encourage the sharing of theoretical and practical knowledge amongst researchers, and to focus on the workplace as a broad theme. The aim of the Symposium was to strengthen the theoretical foundations, to advance knowledge and to promote research into facilities management.
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| 3. |
- Atkin, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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A future for facility management
- 2017
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Ingår i: Construction Innovation. - 1471-4175. ; 17:2, s. 116-124
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper aims to discuss the current debates in facility management to understand where the research community is working and where the facility management sector and discipline might be heading. Design/methodology/approach: A review of research outputs has been undertaken to identify research themes. The discussion is based on developments that are already shaping how one should view facility management and outlines a possible future based on a number of strategically important questions and their likely answers. Findings: Thereis a broad landscape ofresearch themes; yet,asignificant portionof the most-cited journal papers were published more than 10-15 years ago. Current debates are focused mostly on operational improvement; few are directed at more strategic objectives. Those in the informal media are concerned with more speculative themes, particularly the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), which are indicative of disruptive technology. These themes are debated mostly by practitioners. Originality/value: Many views are expressed in this editorial - some are controversial whilst others should be regarded as matters of fact. The underlying aim is to stimulate debate and action among readers about what appears to be a dilemma for the facility management sector and discipline. Does it continue along the same trajectory or should it be bold and strike out in new directions and meet the challenges presented by disruptive innovations, notably the IoT and AI? Hard choices await and not all decisions will lead to preferred outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Atkin, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Design and construction for operability
- 2019. - 1
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Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Integrated Project Delivery. - First edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. : Routledge. - 9781138736689 - 9781315185774 ; , s. 526-542
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Management of the constructed facility has often been an afterthought among the professions and disciplines in the real estate and construction industries. Consequently, too many facilities fail to meet their operational requirements to the full. Briefing has been defined as the process of identifying and analysing the needs, aims and constraints (i.e. the resources and the context) of the client (owner) and relevant parties, and of formulating any resulting problems that the designer is required to solve. The resultant brief is a working document that specifies those needs and the aims, resources of the owner, operator and users, the context of the project and any appropriate design requirements. Requirements in general can be considered and measured in terms of environmental, social and economic performance, which together represent the practical face of sustainability, i.e. the triple bottom line and should be used to guide design, construction, commissioning and handover into steady-state operation and use through flawless start-up of the facility.
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| 5. |
- Atkin, Brian
(författare)
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Editorial : Industrialized building
- 2014
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Ingår i: Construction Management and Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0144-6193 .- 1466-433X. ; 32:1-2, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fashions come and go. Industrialized building (IB) is no exception, having its roots far in the past and appearing in just about every type of construction, including infrastructure, at one time or another. Industrialization, as a term applied to the production of goods, can be on a macro-scale as in the case of large assemblies and near-complete structures. But it also applies to myriad products installed in buildings. Industrialized building is about process and product, where the process involves a producer’s focus mostly on means and the product involves a purchaser’s focus on ends. However, this simplified view hides more complex issues that are fundamental to successful innovation in this field and which are examined from a number of perspectives in this special issue. Depending upon where you are in the world, the idea of industrialized housing, for example, can draw a reaction that ranges from delight, through indifference, to aversion. There have been many eras and movements, each with their proponents and opponents. While our context is the twentieth century, examples of industrialized building are to be found throughout the ages. Close to the location of modern-day Reading (UK) are the remains of what was, in Roman Britain, the thriving town of Calleva Atrebatum, occupying a strategic position between what is now London and the west of England. The development of Calleva benefited from timber-framed construction, with prefabricated elements and other components produced in significant quantity as part of a trade-driven Roman conquest. Numerous innovations were implanted locally, only to be lost for a millennium following the collapse of the Roman Empire. The Tudors and Elizabethans reinvented the wheel to a certain extent, but generally botched the job so that relatively little remains of their work today. It was not until the Industrial Revolution that componentization and prefabrication re-emerged. Since then, industrialization in the broadest sense has enabled countries to engage in production on a gigantic scale to fuel their burgeoning economies: Britain in the nineteenth century, the US from the start of the twentieth century (with Japan emerging in the second half) and the addition of China in the new millennium. Eras and movements are generally synonymous with a particular style of architecture (constructivist, modernism, postmodernism, high-tech and sustainable to name a few) and most are influenced by the politics of the day. Ambitious housing programmes aimed at urban regeneration have been a familiar theme in many countries and have often relied on public sector funding or, at least, significant subsidies. Big business (manufacturers and major construction companies) has been in on the act, interpreting what it considers to be the needs of the day followed by the offer of solutions it believes can be sold for a healthy profit (so long as there are enough takers to guarantee sufficient demand). No country has had a monopoly on this legacy or these practices. The contrast between countries at a given time can be striking, but that does not mean some were right and the rest were wrong. Not only were the contexts generally dissimilar, but their histories in relation to industrialized building have different origins and have followed different trajectories; take Japan, the UK and Sweden for example and the emergence of China in more recent times. Each has experienced a succession of movements featuring attempts at mass production and mass customization with degrees of pre-engineering, prefabrication and success. The passage of time makes clear what has worked and what has not. In some cases, enthusiasm for industrialized housing has been lost almost in an instant. Industrialized building is not solely about housing. Most modern commercial and industrial buildings are products of a supply chain that is geared to production (factory-based and global) to satisfy the appetites of owners, developers and tenants for buildings that exemplify modernity, not least in their use of materials and technology. The seeds of this particular movement were sown in the 1980s and were followed by the promotion of construction as a manufacturing process. It did not help, however, to be continually compared with the automotive industry; nonetheless, some useful lessons in supply chain management have become embedded in construction. In the event, it was an uphill struggle to persuade government that, given the right kind of encouragement (mostly monetary), construction could modernize: it could industrialize and become leaner and, arguably, more productive. Detractors will, however, point to achievements that to this very day have yet to be equalled. For instance, the Crystal Palace is often cited as record-breaking; yet, who would seriously wish to see Victorian health, safety and other labour-related practices on a twenty-first-century construction site? Offsite production, in the sense of complete or near-complete modules, has become regarded as a perfectly acceptable solution for certain types of commercial and industrial buildings and, depending on the country, for housing too. Its deployment has grown steadily and is one of the more stable segments within the industrialized building sector in terms of production volumes. Offsite has been sold on the premise that, quite rightly, it provides decent quality products of modest cost for rapid onsite assembly. It is a model that has been followed in many countries since it overcomes objections to industrialized building in general.
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| 6. |
- Atkin, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2009
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Ingår i: Performance Improvement in Construction Management. - : CRC Press. - 9781138978188 - 9780415545983 - 9780203876084 ; , s. x-xi
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Atkin, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Total Facility Management
- 2015. - Fourth
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The importance of effective facility management in enabling organizations to function efficiently is widely recognized. Total Facility Management offers a comprehensive treatment of what facility management means to owners, operators, tenants, facility managers and professional advisors, as well as containing advice on how facilities can be better managed from a number of perspectives. It consolidates current best practice, defines and develops emergent areas and offers a pathway for the future development of facility management. Emphasis has been given to facility planning, especially the briefing stage in the design of a new or refurbished facility; design for operability; stakeholder management; outsourcing; procurement; transition; performance management; environmental management; sustainability; maintenance management; information management and building information modelling (BIM).
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| 9. |
- Atkin, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Total Facility Management
- 2021. - Fifth
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This new edition includes a greater focus on applicable ISO standards in facility management as well as maintaining an international perspective throughout. It covers: the fundamentals of facility management, including key roles, responsibilities and accountabilities and the core competencies of facility management; an exploration of facility planning, facility management strategy, outsourcing, procurement, facility management organization, facility maintenance management and business continuity and recovery planning; an examination of human resources management, well-being, workplace productivity, performance management health, safety, security and the environment; a review of sustainable practices, change management, facility management systems, information management (including building information models and digital twins) and innovative technology.
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| 10. |
- Bahrami, Soheila, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling the diffusion of sustainable product innovations in BIM library platforms
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Innovation Management. - : University of Porto. - 2183-0606. ; 7:4, s. 106-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building Information Modelling (BIM) objects represent building products in design, simulation, and procurement processes. This paper explores how BIM objects could be created and exchanged to enable the diffusion of innovative products with enhanced sustainability performance. Two BIM library platforms were examined by taking a new approach that integrates the concepts of sustainable value, diffusion of innovations, information, software usability, and platform ecosystems. The findings show that the diffusion of sustainable products can be inhibited due to problems with the mechanisms for creating and exchanging BIM objects, quality of BIM objects, the usability of BIM library platforms,and participation on the platforms. This study deepens an understanding of the problems by focusing on ventilation products in Sweden. Identified shortcomings in the current practices of BIM platform owners and participants could be reduced by effective platform strategies, certification schemes for BIM objects,and BIM object creation processes integrated with product lifecycle management.
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