| 1. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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Die Nutzung von E-Zigaretten in der deutschen Bevölkerung – Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey 2015
- 2019
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Ingår i: Das Gesundheitswesen. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0941-3790 .- 1439-4421. ; 81:02, s. 137-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hintergrund Schätzungen zum E-Zigarettenkonsum in Deutschland variieren erheblich. Die Nutzung von E-Zigaretten zur Tabakentwöhnung wird kritisch diskutiert. Anhand aktueller Daten soll die Verbreitung des Konsums von E-Zigaretten und deren Nutzung in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung Deutschlands dargestellt werden.Methoden Als Datenbasis diente der Epidemiologische Suchtsurvey 2015, eine bundesweite Befragung von 18- bis 64-jährigen in Deutschland (n=9,204; Rücklaufquote: 52,2%).Ergebnisse E-Zigaretten waren einem Großteil der Befragten bekannt (85,3%, 43,5 Mio.), wohingegen lediglich 2,9% (1,5 Mio.) E-Zigaretten in den letzten 30 Tagen genutzt hatten. Jüngere Personen (OR=0,95, 95%-KI=(0,93; 0,97)), Männer (OR=1,45, 95%-KI=(1,02; 2,07)) und Raucher (OR=12,53, 95%-KI=(8,71; 18,03)) zeigten ein signifikant höheres Risiko, E-Zigaretten zu konsumieren. Etwa ein Drittel (36,6%) der Raucher und Ex-Raucher konventioneller Zigaretten nutzte E-Zigaretten zur Tabakentwöhnung, wovon ein Fünftel (21,3%) mit dem Rauchen aufhören konnte.Schlussfolgerungen E-Zigarettennutzer scheinen häufiger männlich, jünger und Raucher konventioneller Zigaretten zu sein. Neben Neugierde ist die Veränderung des Rauchverhaltens ein bedeutendes Konsummotiv. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Gebrauch von E-Zigaretten vereinzelt zur Tabakentwöhnung beitragen kann, die Mehrheit der Nutzer aber weiterhin konventionelle und/oder E-Zigaretten konsumiert.
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| 2. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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Do smoking, nutrition, alcohol use, and physical activity vary between regions in Germany?-results of a cross-sectional study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies on lifestyle risk factors mainly focused on age- or gender-specific differences. However, lifestyle risk factors also vary across regions. Aim of the present study was to examine the extent to which prevalence rates of SNAP (smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, physical activity) vary between East and West Germany or North and South Germany.Methods: Data came from the population-representative 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) comprising 9204 subjects aged 18 to 64 years. To assess an east-west or south-north gradient, two binary logistic regression models were carried out for each SNAP factor.Results: The logistic regression models revealed statistically significant differences with higher rates of at-risk alcohol consumption and lower rates of unhealthy nutrition in East Germany compared to West Germany. Significant differences between North and South Germany were found for at-risk alcohol consumption with higher rates of at-risk alcohol consumption in South Germany. Daily smoking and low physical activity were equally distributed across regions.Conclusions: The implementation of measures reducing at-risk alcohol consumption in Germany should take the identified east-west and south-north gradient into account. Since the prevalence of unhealthy nutrition was generally high, prevention and intervention measures should focus on Germany as a whole instead of specific regions.
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| 3. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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E-Zigaretten : Einschätzung vonGesundheitsgefahren undNutzung zur Tabakentwöhnung
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-9990 .- 1437-1588. ; 61:11, s. 1415-1421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe perception that e-cigarettes are less harmful than traditional tobacco products can influence the consumption of e-cigarettes.ObjectivesThree questions were examined: (1)How do different population groups perceive health risks of e-cigarettes? (2)Do sociodemographic variables explain differences in the risk assessment of e-cigarettes? (3)Does the perception of health risks predict the use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation?MethodsData came from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) with asample size of n=9204 participants, aged 18 to 64years (response rate 52.2%). Data were collected by telephone, online, or by written questionnaires. Assessments of risk perception of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes (more harmful, just as harmful, less harmful, do not know) were compared. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were performed.ResultsIndividuals with lower education rated e-cigarettes as more harmful. Older people and women perceived e-cigarettes as just as harmful. Smokers considered e-cigarettes to be more harmful than or just as harmful as conventional tobacco products. The likelihood of using e-cigarettes for smoking cessation was higher if people thought they were less harmful than conventional cigarettes.ConclusionsOnly one-third of the population knows that e-cigarettes are less harmful to health than conventional cigarettes. The perception of health risks is related to the usage of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation.
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| 4. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of multiple lifestyle risk factors and their link to mental health in the German adult population : a cross-sectional study
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Lifestyle risk factors, such as drinking or unhealthy diet, can expotentiate detrimental health effects. Therefore, it is important to investigate multiple lifestyle risk factors instead of single ones. The study aims at: (1) identifying patterns of lifestyle risk factors within the adult general population in Germany and (2) examining associations between the extracted patterns and external factors.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting General German adult population (aged 18–64 years).Participants Participants of the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (n=9204).Primary outcome measures Lifestyle risk factors (daily smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, low physical activity, weekly use of pharmaceuticals, as well as consumption of cannabis and other illicit drugs).Results A latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of lifestyle risk factors, and a multinomial logistic regression was carried out to examine associations between the extracted classes and external factors. A total of four classes were extracted which can be described as healthy lifestyle (58.5%), drinking lifestyle (24.4%), smoking lifestyle (15.4%) and a cumulate risk factors lifestyle (1.7%). Individuals who were male, at younger age and single as well as individuals with various mental health problems were more likely to show multiple lifestyle risk factors.Conclusions Healthcare professionals should be aware of correlations between different lifestyle risk factors as well as between lifestyle risk groups and mental health. Health promotion strategies should further focus especially on younger and single men.This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
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| 5. |
- Atzendorf, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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The Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, Illegal Drugs and Medicines : An Estimate of Consumption and Substance-Related Disorders in Germany
- 2019
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Ingår i: Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. - : Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH. - 1866-0452. ; 116:35-36, s. 577-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Prevalence estimates of the use of tobacco, alcohol, illegal drugs, and psychoactive medications and of substance-related disorders enable an assessment of the effects of substance use on health and society.Methods: The data used for this study were derived from the 2018 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey, ESA). The sample of the German adult population comprised 9267 persons aged 18 to 64 (response rate, 42%). Population estimates were obtained by extrapolation to a total resident population of 51 544 494 people.Results: In the 30 days prior to the survey, 71.6% of the respondents (corresponding to 36.9 million persons in the population) had consumed alcohol, and 28.0% (14.4 million) had consumed tobacco. 4.0% reported having used e-cigarettes, and 0.8% reported having used heat-not-burn products. Among illegal drugs, cannabis was the most commonly used, with a 12-month prevalence of 7.1% (3.7 million), followed by amphetamines (1.2%: 619 000). The prevalence of the use of analgesics without a prescription (31.4%) was markedly higher than that of the use of prescribed analgesics (17.5%, 26.0 million); however, analgesics were taken daily less commonly than other types of medication. 13.5% of the sample (7.0 million) had at least one dependence diagnosis (12-month prevalence).Conclusion: Substance use and the consumption of psychoactive medications are widespread in the German population. Substance-related disorders are a major burden to society, with legal substances causing greater burden than illegal substances.
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| 6. |
- Delle, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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Motives for not drinking alcohol : why adults in late middle age abstain
- 2022
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Ingår i: Addiction Research and Theory. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1606-6359 .- 1476-7392. ; 30:2, s. 126-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Older individuals are not only more sensitive to the impact of alcohol but also face significant health risks from alcohol-drug interactions. To alter current drinking patterns, it is crucial to understand the motives for abstention of adults in late middle age.Objectives: We hypothesized that, for adults in late middle age, socio-demographic characteristics and health-related factors predict alcohol abstinence; and that current motives for abstention vary between subgroups of abstainers.Method: Data on adults aged 50-64 years (n = 2,308) came from the German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA). Logistic regression was used to examine the association between different types of abstinence and socio-demographic and health-related variables.Results: Low income, low education and poor self-rated physical health predicted 12-month abstinence. Men with a chronic disease had a 9.5 % chance to be abstinent, whilst it was 17.7 % for women. Main motives for older lifetime abstainers were 'dislike of taste or smell', 'loss of control' and 'family constraints'. For 12-month abstainers, it was 'loss of control', 'health constraints' and 'dislike of taste or smell'.Conclusion: Poor health in middle-aged drinkers offers an opportunity to recommend reduction or cessation of alcohol use by explaining the negative health effects from alcohol. Future research investigating abstention needs to differentiate between lifetime and 12-month abstainers.
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| 7. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Substanzkonsum in der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland. Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurveys 2015
- 2016
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Ingår i: SUCHT. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0939-5911 .- 1664-2856. ; 62:5, s. 271-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ziel: Die Verbreitung des Substanzkonsums in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung Deutschlands soll anhand aktueller Daten dargestellt werden. Methodik: Datengrundlage bildete der Epidemiologische Suchtsurvey 2015, eine bundesweite Befragung in der Wohnbevölkerung von 18 bis 64 Jahren (n = 9,204; Rücklaufquote: 52.2 %). Probanden wurden zum Gebrauch von Tabak, Alkohol, illegalen Drogen und Medikamenten befragt. Ergebnisse: In den letzten 30 Tagen hatten 28.7 % der Befragten Tabakprodukte genutzt. Den Konsum von Alkohol in diesem Zeitraum berichteten 72.8 %. Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum in den letzten 12 Monaten wiesen 28.3 % (Männer) bzw. 9.6 % (Frauen) auf. Die 12-Monats-Prävalenz illegaler Drogen lag bei 6.1 % für Cannabis und bei maximal 1 % für alle anderen Substanzen. Unter Medikamenten hatten Schmerzmittel die höchste Gebrauchsprävalenz (47.1 %) sowie die geringste Prävalenz täglichen Gebrauchs unter Nutzern (8.6 %). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse belegen die nach wie vor hohe Verbreitung des Substanzkonsums in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Konsumprävalenz sowie Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum sind in Bezug auf legale Substanzen, die eine hohe Verfügbarkeit charakterisiert, am häufigsten. Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum illegaler Drogen bestanden bei deutlich weniger Personen. Da es sich dabei jedoch um eine besondere Risikogruppe handelt, ist deren Erreichung durch adäquate Angebote sicherzustellen.
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| 8. |
- Gomes de Matos, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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The Consumption of New Psychoactive Substances and Methamphetamine Analysis of Data From 6 German Federal States
- 2018
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Ingår i: Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. - : Deutscher Arzte-Verlag GmbH. - 1866-0452. ; 115:4, s. 49-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The abuse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and methamphet amine has severe adverse effects. Here we provide the first report of regional patterns in NPS and methamphetamine consumption in Germany, on the basis of epidemiologic data from six federal states (Bavaria, Hamburg, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Saxony, and Thuringia).Methods: Data were derived from the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey) and supplemented with additional cases from the federal states that were studied. The numbers of persons included in the representative samples of persons aged 18 to 64 in each state were 1916 (Bavaria), 1125 (Hamburg), 1151 (Hesse), 2008 (North Rhine-Westphalia), 1897 (Saxony), and 1543 (Thuringia). Potential risk factors for the lifetime prevalence of consumption were studied by logistic regression.Results: The lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine consumption in the individual states ranged from 0.3% (North Rhine-Westphalia) to 2.0% (Saxony). Thuringia and Saxony displayed values that were significantly higher than average. For NPS, the figures ranged from 2.2% (Bavaria) to 3.9% (Hamburg), but multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the states. Higher age and higher educational level were associated with lower consumption of NPS and methamphetamine, while smoking and cannabis use were each associated with higher consumption.Conclusion: NPS consumption is equally widespread in all of the federal states studied. Methamphetamine is rarely consumed; its consumption appears to be higher in Saxony and Thuringia. The risk factor analysis reported here should be interpreted cautiously in view of the low case numbers with respect to consumption.
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| 9. |
- Kraus, Ludwig, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the number of children in households with substance use disorders in Germany
- 2021
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Ingår i: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1753-2000. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Parental substance misuse is reported to endanger the health and psychological development of children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to address conceptual and methodological problems in estimating the number of children affected by parental substance misuse (CaPSM) and offer a novel approach based on survey data.Methods Data came from the 2018 German Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (ESA) among 18- to 64-year-olds (n = 9267) and from population statistics. DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were used to assess substance use disorder (SUD) related to tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine or amphetamine. Based on the number of household members, the number of children below age 18 years and the information on SUD status of the respondent living in this household, the number of children currently living in households with at least one member with SUD was estimated.Results In 2018, there were 13,597,428 children younger than 18 years living in Germany. Of these, 6.9-12.3% (935,522-1,673,103) were estimated to currently live in households where at least one adult had a tobacco use disorder, 5.1-9.2% (688,111-1,257,345) in households where at least one adult had an alcohol use disorder and 0.6-1.2% (87,817-158,401) in households where at least one adult had a disorder related to the use of illicit drugs. The total number of children currently living with SUD adults in their household was estimated at 11.2-20.2% (1,521,495-2,751,796).Conclusions Available estimates are difficult to interpret and to compare due to a lack of clear case definitions and methodological approaches with various biases and limitations. Future estimates need to provide precise case definitions and standard approaches.
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| 10. |
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