| 1. |
- Satizabal, Claudia L., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic architecture of subcortical brain structures in 38,851 individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:11, s. 1624-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subcortical brain structures are integral to motion, consciousness, emotions and learning. We identified common genetic variation related to the volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, brainstem, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen and thalamus, using genome-wide association analyses in almost 40,000 individuals from CHARGE, ENIGMA and UK Biobank. We show that variability in subcortical volumes is heritable, and identify 48 significantly associated loci (40 novel at the time of analysis). Annotation of these loci by utilizing gene expression, methylation and neuropathological data identified 199 genes putatively implicated in neurodevelopment, synaptic signaling, axonal transport, apoptosis, inflammation/infection and susceptibility to neurological disorders. This set of genes is significantly enriched for Drosophila orthologs associated with neurodevelopmental phenotypes, suggesting evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. Our findings uncover novel biology and potential drug targets underlying brain development and disease.
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| 4. |
- Akel, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and tau in a regional epilepsy cohort: High plasma levels are rare but related to seizures
- 2023
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Ingår i: Epilepsia. - 0013-9580. ; 64:10, s. 2690-2700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Higher levels of biochemical blood markers of brain injury have been described immediately after tonic-clonic seizures and in drug-resistant epilepsy, but the levels of such markers in epilepsy in general have not been well characterized. We analyzed neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and tau in a regional hospital-based epilepsy cohort and investigated what proportion of patients have levels suggesting brain injury, and whether certain epilepsy features are associated with high levels.Methods: Biomarker levels were measured in 204 patients with an epilepsy diagnosis participating in a prospective regional biobank study, with age and sex distribution correlating closely to that of all patients seen for epilepsy in the health care region. Absolute biomarker levels were assessed between two patient groups: patients reporting seizures within the 2 months preceding inclusion and patients who did not have seizures for more than 1 year. We also assessed the proportion of patients with above-normal levels of NfL.Results: NfL and GFAP, but not tau, increased with age. Twenty-seven patients had abnormally high levels of NfL. Factors associated with such levels were recent seizures (p = .010) and epileptogenic lesion on radiology (p = .001). Levels of NfL (p = .006) and GFAP (p = .032) were significantly higher in young patients (<65 years) with seizures & LE;2 months before inclusion compared to those who reported no seizures for >1 year. NfL and GFAP correlated weakly with the number of days since last seizure (NfL: r(s) = -.228, p = .007; GFAP: r(s) = -.167, p = .048) in young patients. NfL also correlated weakly with seizure frequency in the last 2 months (r(s) = .162, p = .047).Significance: Most patients with epilepsy do not have biochemical evidence of brain injury. The association with seizures merits further study; future studies should aim for longitudinal sampling and examine whether individual variations in NfL or GFAP levels could reflect seizure activity.
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| 5. |
- Alping, P., et al.
(författare)
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Rituximab versus Fingolimod after Natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0364-5134 .- 1531-8249. ; 79:6, s. 950-958
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Many JC virus antibody-positive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients who are stable on natalizumab switch to other therapies to avoid progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Methods: We compared outcomes for all RRMS patients switching from natalizumab due to JC virus antibody positivity at 3 Swedish multiple sclerosis centers with different preferential use of rituximab and fingolimod (Stockholm, n = 156, fingolimod 51%; Gothenburg, n = 64, fingolimod 88%; Umea, n = 36, fingolimod 19%), yielding a total cohort of N = 256 (fingolimod 55%). Results: Within 1.5 years of cessation of natalizumab, 1.8% (rituximab) and 17.6% (fingolimod) of patients experienced a clinical relapse (hazard ratio for rituximab = 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.02-0.43). The hazard ratio (favoring rituximab) for adverse events (5.3% vs 21.1%) and treatment discontinuation (1.8% vs 28.2%) were 0.25 (95% CI = 0.10-0.59) and 0.07 (95% CI = 0.02-0.30), respectively. Furthermore, contrast-enhancing lesions were found in 1.4% (rituximab) versus 24.2% (fingolimod) of magnetic resonance imaging examinations (odds ratio = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.00-0.22). Differences remained when adjusting for possible confounders (age, sex, disability status, time on natalizumab, washout time, follow-up time, and study center). Interpretation: Our findings suggest an improved effectiveness and tolerability of rituximab compared with fingolimod in stable RRMS patients who switch from natalizumab due to JC virus antibody positivity. Although residual confounding factors cannot be ruled out, the shared reason for switching from natalizumab and the preferential use of either rituximab or fingolimod in 2 of the centers mitigates these concerns.
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| 6. |
- Aronsson, Markus, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Stream Processing for Embedded Domain Specific Languages
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26nd 2014 International Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450332842 ; 01, s. 1-12
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a library for expressing digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms using a deeply embedded domain-specific language (EDSL) in Haskell. The library supports definitions in functional programming style, reducing the gap between the mathematical description of streaming algorithms and their implementation. The deep embedding makes it possible to generate efficient C code without any overhead associated with the high-level programming model. The signal processing library is intended to be an extension of the Feldspar EDSL which, until now, has had a rather low-level interface for dealing with synchronous streams. However, the presented library is independent of the underlying expression language, and can be used to extend any pure EDSL for which a C code generator exists with efficient stream processing capabilities. The library is evaluated using example implementations of common DSP algorithms and the generated code is compared to its handwritten counterpart.
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| 8. |
- Arvidson, Markus, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring self-loyalty in the context of social acceleration : Theorising loyalties as emotions and resistance
- 2018
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Ingår i: Resistance and emotions. - : Routledge. - 9781138482531
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book discusses different ways in which the cross-roads between emotions and resistance can be theorised. While the sociological field focuses primarily on emotions that are entangled in the relationship between the individual and collective, the cultural studies field has recently started to emphasise affects as a ‘rescue’ from the deterministic aspect of the poststructuralist approach (in which language decides everything) (Hemmings 2005, 2014). Scholars promoting the ‘affective turn’ argue that affects and interpretations are inseparable. By taking affects as the point of departure, it is argued that it is possible to show how bodies move in their own ways, but still in relation to others. Departing from this, it becomes interesting to explore how emotions are involved in different power relations and how they feed resistance. If we accept that emotions and interpretations are entangled and inseparable then we must investigate emotions as powerful forces of resistance.
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| 9. |
- Arvidson, Markus, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring self-loyalty in the context of social acceleration : Theorising loyalties as emotions and resistance
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Political Power. - London : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2158-379X .- 2158-3803. ; 10:2, s. 133-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is a theoretical exploration of a layer of loyalty called self-loyalty. We define self-loyalty as an emotion that is channelled through social forms. To show the usage and relevance of the concept we present social acceleration as a contextualisation. Two self-loyalty strategies in relation to acceleration are discussed: a voluntary form based on resistance and an involuntary form based on acceptance and 'playing the game'.
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