| 1. |
- Ayalew, Bahiru Tsegaye, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal and rheological properties and processability of thermoplastic lignocellulose
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. - 1097-4628 .- 0021-8995. ; In Press
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fossil-free biobased materials like thermoplastic lignocellulose are gaining attention because of climate issues. However, there is a challenge to make these as thermoplastic as commonly used thermoplastics. Arboform® is one of today's commercially available thermoplastic lignocellulose materials. In this work, the processability of this material was studied in detail and the effects of plasticizers on its processability, rheological, and mechanical properties were determined. Thermal/calorimetry analysis indicated that the processing temperature window was shifted to lower temperature with the use of tributyl citrate (TBC) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG 400) plasticizers, thus enabling extrusion at lower temperature. TBC and PEG 400 decreased both the glass transition temperature and melting point of the polylactide component. Surprisingly, they also affected the lignin component, as observed by the decreasing lignin decomposition temperature. It is observed that TBC and PEG400 lowered the stiffness of the compression molded material in the temperature range investigated (−30–180°C), and tensile tests in the presence of TBC revealed a decrease in ductility. Notable is that, in contrast to most thermoplastics, the Arboform® melt increases in viscosity and elastic moduli when the processing temperature was increased (from 180 to 200°C) or when processing time was increased.
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| 2. |
- Ayalew, Bahiru Tsegaye, et al.
(författare)
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Thermoplastic lignocellulose materials : A review on recent advancement and utilities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-8939. ; 5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundantly available resource in nature. However, its potential as a replacement of oil in plastic production has not been fully exploited. To reduce the carbon footprint, the use of lignocellulose biomass to produce bio-based plastics is attracting increasing global interest. The aim of this review article is to systematically summarize the recent advancements of the development of lignocellulose materials that possess thermoplastic properties, meaning they can be processed/shaped by common plastic processing techniques. The approaches used for modification of lignocellulose biomass and the properties of the modified materials, as well as factors affecting the properties of these, are discussed. The regulatory aspects and policy directions of bio-based plastics, including thermoplastic lignocellulose, are also mentioned. Current challenges of producing thermoplastic lignocellulose and the way forward to solve this are also explored.
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