| 1. |
- Skjevik, Ann-Turi, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av växtplankton från Västerhavet
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SMHI har på uppdrag från Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götaland utvärderat all tillgängligväxtplanktondata från Västerhavet från perioden 1985-2010. Det utvärderade området sträcker sigfrån Riksgränsen (Figur 3) i norr vid norska gränsen till och med Öresund i söder och innefattar 4026 mättillfällen och 115 271 mätvärden.Syftet var att dels kvalitetssäkra och tillgängliggöra befintlig växtplanktondata och studera detomfattande datamaterial som finns från Västerhavet. Man ville undersöka om det finnsförändringar av växtplankton i tid och rum vad det gäller till exempel artsammansättning, giftigaarter, nytillkomna och försvunna arter och totala mängden växtplankton.Vad gäller säsongsvariation så visar sammanställningen av medelcelltätheten av alla data åren2005-2010 på en kort och intensiv vårblomning som domineras av kiselalger vid samtligastationer och typområden. De årliga vårblomningarna startar generellt tidigare i utsjöområdenaoch kommer igång senare närmre kusten och sist i Bohusläns fjordar. Förekomsten avväxtplanktonmaxima skiljer sig åt mellan stationer under resten av året men vanligt är en senvårellersommartopp och alltid en hösttopp i celltäthet av växtplankton.Figur 5 visar typområdena som är indelade enligt EU:s vattendirektiv. Generellt sett så ärartdiversiteten högre vid kusten än i utsjön. Antalet arter ökar i syd-nordlig riktning, med högstdiversitet i typområde 4 (N7 Nidingen) och 1s (Danafjord), båda i Kattegatt.Den stora variationen i storlek mellan växtplankton gör att biovolymsmaxima kan förekommautan motsvarande celltäthetsmaxima. Ett exempel på det är de höga totala cellbiovolymer undersommarmånaderna juni-juli som till stor del orsakas av stora kiselalger men inte finns ijämförelsevis lika höga cellantal.Tidsserier av all tillgänglig data per station av växtplankton testades statistiskt månadsvis ochstationsvis och resultaten visar på ett antal signifikanta trender. Både de totala cellantalen avväxtplankton och de totala antalen arter visar i många fall på en ökande trend.Djupintervallen 0-10 och 10-20 meter jämfördes och det visar sig att både artantal och cellantalhar liknande mönster säsongsmässigt och över tiden. Skillnaden är att celltätheter från 10-20meter ligger något lägre än de från 0-10 meter. Artsmässigt hittar man inte specifika arter unikt idjupprover, utan oftast hittas arterna också i ytprovet vid samma mättillfällen.Vårblomningsmaxima fångas sällan på grund av att det för lång tid mellan provtagningarna, mende upptäcks lika ofta i ytprover som i djupproverna.Antalet arter är generellt sett högre under hösten än under våren och säsongsvariationen är störst itypområde 3: Kosterfjorden, Stretudden och Åstol. Ur ett tidsperspektiv ökar antalet arter ochklasser vid samtliga stationer. En orsak kan vara förbättring av analysmetoder och utrustning, enannan att taxonomisk kunskap utvecklats med hjälp av interkalibreringar och expertgrupper. Ettantal arter har också tillkommit i floran, men de svarar inte för hela ökningen.Ett flertal nya arter, exempelvis kiselalgenCoscinodiscus wailesii och dinoflagellatenProrocentrum minimum, har spridits till Västerhavet på olika sätt. Kiselalgen Pseudosoleniacalcar-avis, som ansetts vara ny och höra hemma i varmare vatten än våra, visar sig finnas irapporter från 1800-talet. En annan ny alg som felaktigt identifierats tillChaetocerosconcavicornisoch sen lika felaktigt till C. convolutus är i själva verket en obeskriven art, härkalladChaetoceros sp.X. Gemensamt för de tre Chaetoceros-arterna är att de är skadliga för fiskpå grund av sina kraftiga spröt med hullingar som kan skada fiskens gälar.4Olika blomningar observeras årligen. Vissa är helt ofarliga som exempelvis vårblomningen avkiselalger och blomningar av kalkflagellatenEmiliania huxleyi. Andra är skadliga genom attorsaka syrebrist eller genom att den aktuella arten som uppträder i förhöjda cellantal är giftig förandra organismer i sin omgivning. Vissa arter är också skadliga i relativt låga cellantal på grundav förmågan att producera toxiner. Säsongsvariationen är artspecifik och en del giftiga arteråterkommer ofta över varningsgränsen under samma månad år efter år. Skadliga algblomningarförekommer relativt frekvent i Västerhavet. Stora blomningar förekommer inte varje år men oftamed något års mellanrum. Ett återkommande problem är dinoflagellater från släktetDinophysissom producerar diarrégifter vilka ansamlas i bl.a. musslor.I uppdraget ingick också att koppla växtplankton med fysikaliska och kemiskaomvärldsparametrar. Salthalt, syrehalt, temperatur och närsaltskoncentrationer togs med för att seom och hur någon eller några parametrar påverkar växtplanktonsamhället. AnalysverktygetPRIMER användes, och inga korrelationer mellan växtplankton och de fysikaliska och kemiskaparametrarna kunde påvisas.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Håkan, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of 211At- and 131I-labelled monoclonal antibody MOv18 in nude mice with intraperitoneal growth of human ovarian cancer.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 0250-7005. ; 21:1A, s. 409-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the alpha-emitter Astatine-211 with the beta-emitter Iodine-131 bound to the specific monoclonal antibody MOv18. The measurements were performed in an ovarian cancer cell line (NIH:OVCAR 3) growing intraperitoneally in nude mice. Two weeks after the intraperitoneal inoculation of 1 x 10(7) cells of the human ovarian cancer cell line NIH:OVCAR-3 twenty mice were treated intraperitoneally with the specific monoclonal antibody MOv-18 labelled with either 211At (310-400 kBq) or 131I (5100-6200 kBq). The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of labelled antibody in tumour-free animals were studied and the resulting bone marrow dose was estimated. When the mice were treated with 211At-labelled antibody 9 out of 10 mice were free of macro- and microscopic tumour compared to 3 out of 10 when Iodine-131 was used. The equivalent dose to the bone marrow was 2.4-3.1 Sv from 211At- and 3.4-4.1 Sv from 131I-irradiation. The therapeutic efficacy of 211At-labelled specific antibody is very good and, at approximately equivalent bone marrow doses, better than that of 131I.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Håkan, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Intraperitoneal alpha-particle radioimmunotherapy of ovarian cancer patients: pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of (211)At-MX35 F(ab')2--a phase I study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505. ; 50:7, s. 1153-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The alpha-emitter (211)At labeled to a monoclonal antibody has proven safe and effective in treating microscopic ovarian cancer in the abdominal cavity of mice. Women in complete clinical remission after second-line chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian carcinoma were enrolled in a phase I study. The aim was to determine the pharmacokinetics for assessing absorbed dose to normal tissues and investigating toxicity. METHODS: Nine patients underwent laparoscopy 2-5 d before the therapy; a peritoneal catheter was inserted, and the abdominal cavity was inspected to exclude the presence of macroscopic tumor growth or major adhesions. (211)At was labeled to MX35 F(ab')(2) using the reagent N-succinimidyl-3-(trimethylstannyl)-benzoate. Patients were infused with (211)At-MX35 F(ab')(2) (22.4-101 MBq/L) in dialysis solution via the peritoneal catheter. gamma-Camera scans were acquired on 3-5 occasions after infusion, and a SPECT scan was acquired at 6 h. Samples of blood, urine, and peritoneal fluid were collected at 1-48 h. Hematology and renal and thyroid function were followed for a median of 23 mo. RESULTS: Pharmacokinetics and dosimetric results were related to the initial activity concentration (IC) of the infused solution. The decay-corrected activity concentration decreased with time in the peritoneal fluid to 50% IC at 24 h, increased in serum to 6% IC at 45 h, and increased in the thyroid to 127% +/- 63% IC at 20 h without blocking and less than 20% IC with blocking. No other organ uptakes could be detected. The cumulative urinary excretion was 40 kBq/(MBq/L) at 24 h. The estimated absorbed dose to the peritoneum was 15.6 +/- 1.0 mGy/(MBq/L), to red bone marrow it was 0.14 +/- 0.04 mGy/(MBq/L), to the urinary bladder wall it was 0.77 +/- 0.19 mGy/(MBq/L), to the unblocked thyroid it was 24.7 +/- 11.1 mGy/(MBq/L), and to the blocked thyroid it was 1.4 +/- 1.6 mGy/(MBq/L) (mean +/- SD). No adverse effects were observed either subjectively or in laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that by intraperitoneal administration of (211)At-MX35 F(ab')(2) it is possible to achieve therapeutic absorbed doses in microscopic tumor clusters without significant toxicity.
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| 6. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence of signs of osteoarthritis/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint on panoramic radiographs in Swedish women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 45:5, s. 478-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence of radiographic signs of osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) among middle-aged and older women. Methods: Data were collected from ongoing representative, longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional studies in Gothenburg, Sweden. Panoramic radiographs (PAN) have been taken regularly since 1968. The cohorts were systematically selected from the female population at the ages of 38, 50, 62 and 74. Condylar alterations indicative of OA (flattening/osteophyte/erosion) were evaluated in a total of 5234 PANs by one examiner under standardized conditions. Intra-examiner reliability was good. Sensitivity was poor, and specificity was acceptable in relation to computed tomography. Results: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ was 18% on panoramic radiographs at the age of 38, gradually increasing with age. At the age of 62, the prevalence was 38%, and it was stable around 45% in the older age groups. The highest incidence rate of OA was between the ages of 55 and 65. Bilateral OA was uncommon. Flattening was the most prominent finding. Conclusion: The prevalence of signs of OA in the TMJ, including remodeling, evaluated on panoramic radiographs in representative cohorts of women, increases substantially with age. Around one in every five middle-aged women and almost every second woman of older ages can be expected to have some radiographic alteration in the TMJ. The highest proportion with new findings of OA is to be found among older middle-aged women.
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| 7. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Orofacial pain and its relationship with oral health-related quality of life and psychological distress in middle-aged women.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 78:1, s. 74-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the relationship between subjective symptoms of orofacial pain and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), as well as psychological distress in population-based middle-aged women. Material and methods: The two study samples comprised 1059 women, 38 and 50years old, in representative cross-sectional studies. Women with long-lasting, frequent pain or headaches, related to temporomandibular disorders (TMD), with moderate-to-high estimates were analysed in relation to the non-case group. OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5). Psychological distress was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Sense of Coherence (SOC-13). Results: Women with orofacial pain (n=82, 7.7%) had a significantly higher mean score on the OHIP-5, HADS-A and HADS-D and a lower mean score for SOC-13. In a multivariable logistic regression, orofacial pain was statistically significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL (OR = 1.2) and signs of depression (HADS-D) (OR = 2.0). A higher score for SOC-13 protected from the experience of orofacial pain (OR = 0.95). Conclusion: Orofacial pain was associated with poorer OHRQoL and signs of psychological distress. In interpreting the value of SOC, women with orofacial pain also appear to have a poorer adaptive capacity.
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| 8. |
- Bäck, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Relation between osteoporosis and radiographic and clinical signs of osteoarthritis/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint: a population-based, cross-sectional study in an older Swedish population.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : Wiley. - 1741-2358 .- 0734-0664. ; 34:2, s. 187-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to elucidate the relation between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis/arthrosis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).General epidemiological data support the hypothesis that osteoporosis and OA are inversely correlated but is not conclusively investigated in the TMJ.A group of 114 representative elderly women and men, randomised from a comprehensive population study in Gothenburg, Sweden, had bone mineral density established with whole-body, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as part of a health survey. In addition, dental examinations were performed, including panoramic radiographs exposed as an overview of the TMJ's and jaws. In 88 of the 80-year-old participants (48 women and 40 men), a clinical orofacial examination according to the RDC/TMD system was performed.A diagnosis of osteopenia/osteoporosis was found in 36% of the 114, with a statistically different greater proportion of women. Condylar alterations evaluated from panoramic radiographs were observed in 34%, with no significant gender difference. No significant differences were found in the proportion of individuals with osteopenia/osteoporosis and any condylar radiographic alteration or not. Forty-one of the clinically examined subjects, 47%, fulfilled the criteria for an RDC/TMD diagnosis with no gender difference. All participants graded the orofacial pain as low chronic pain. An opening capacity of <40 mm denoted a higher risk of having pain in the temporomandibular system. No association was found between clinical diagnosis of RDC/TMD and osteopenia/osteoporosis.The prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis appears not to be of importance for radiological or clinical findings of OA in the TMJ.
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| 10. |
- Bäck, Maria, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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The SWEDEHEART secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation registry (SWEDEHEART CR registry)
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal-Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2058-5225 .- 2058-1742. ; 7:5, s. 431-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The quality registry SWEDEHEART covers data across the patient pathway after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), from hospital care to secondary prevention. Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is strongly recommended after an MI, there is still heterogeneity regarding standards, uptake, and adherence rates. The aim of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry is to provide continuous information on secondary prevention and CR performance to support the audit and development of evidence-based practice. To facilitate quality improvement and research initiatives, a description of the characteristics and development of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry is needed. Methods and results The SWEDEHEART-CR registry starts with data obtained during hospital care and then collects data at out-patient visits 2 months and 1-year after discharge, and at start and end of an exercise-based CR programme. The registry data covers comorbidities, biochemistry, blood pressure, anthropometric variables, medication, psychosocial- and lifestyle variables, readmissions, patient-reported outcome measures, attendance in CR-related programmes, and physical fitness variables. Over 100 000 patients with MI have been included in the SWEDEHEART-CR registry since its start in 2005. From initially covering 35 centres (47%) and 2200 patients annually (27%), SWEDEHEART-CR has developed to a nation-wide registry with 75 centres (100%) and 8800 patients annually (80%) in 2020. Conclusion The SWEDEHEART-CR registry includes a high proportion of the national MI population entering a CR programme and is a powerful tool for quality audit, improvement, and research. The registry provides insights into the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of evidence-based secondary preventive practice, ultimately leading to better cardiovascular health.
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