| 1. |
- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
|
|
| 2. |
- Almkvist, O, et al.
(författare)
-
Mild cognitive impairment -- An early stage of Alzheimer´s disease?
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. ; 53, s. 21-29
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an early stage of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) was investigated by reviewing recent research from three sources: asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals carrying mutations that cause AD; hospital
|
|
| 3. |
- Chibnik, L. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Trends in the incidence of dementia: design and methods in the Alzheimer Cohorts Consortium
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 32:10, s. 931-938
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have reported a decline in incidence of dementia which may have large implications for the projected burden of disease, and provide important guidance to preventive efforts. However, reports are conflicting or inconclusive with regard to the impact of gender and education with underlying causes of a presumed declining trend remaining largely unidentified. The Alzheimer Cohorts Consortium aggregates data from nine international population-based cohorts to determine changes in the incidence of dementia since 1990. We will employ Poisson regression models to calculate incidence rates in each cohort and Cox proportional hazard regression to compare 5-year cumulative hazards across study-specific epochs. Finally, we will meta-analyse changes per decade across cohorts, and repeat all analysis stratified by sex, education and APOE genotype. In all cohorts combined, there are data on almost 69,000 people at risk of dementia with the range of follow-up years between 2 and 27. The average age at baseline is similar across cohorts ranging between 72 and 77. Uniting a wide range of disease-specific and methodological expertise in research teams, the first analyses within the Alzheimer Cohorts Consortium are underway to tackle outstanding challenges in the assessment of time-trends in dementia occurrence.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kraemer, B. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Efficacy of Prolonged- and Immediate-release Tacrolimus in Kidney Transplantation : A Pooled Analysis of Two Large, Randomized, Controlled Trials
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Transplantation Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-1345 .- 1873-2623. ; 49:9, s. 2040-2049
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Two large, prospective studies (12-03; OSAKA) compared the efficacy and tolerability of prolonged-release versus immediate-release tacrolimus in kidney transplant patients also receiving mycophenolate mofetil and low-dose corticosteroids (without induction therapy). Methods. Data were combined into one database to compare results over 24 weeks using 3 alternative endpoints: biopsy-confirmed acute rejection (BCAR); the Food and Drug Administration composite endpoint (graft loss, SCAR, and loss to follow-up), and the European Medicines Agency composite endpoint (graft loss, BCAR, and graft dysfunction). The 95% confidence intervals were calculated (10% noninferiority margin). Results. Overall, 633 patients received prolonged-release tacrolimus (12-03, n = 331; OSAKA, n = 302) and 645 received immediate-release tacrolimus (n = 336; n = 309). Baseline characteristics were comparable. Proportionately more patients receiving prolonged-release tacrolimus had trough levels of 5-15 ng/mL on day 1 (60.8%) and 2 (56.6%) versus immediate-release tacrolimus (42.5% and 43.9%, respectively, both P < .001). Efficacy of prolonged-release and immediate-release tacrolimus were similar as assessed by BCAR (13.9% vs 14.1%, respectively), European Medicines Agency composite endpoint (40.3% vs 38.3%) and US Food and Drug Administration composite endpoint (21.5% vs 19.8%). Conclusions. Novel efficacy endpoints as required by the European Medicines Agency and US Food and Drug Administration demonstrate noninferiority of prolonged-release versus immediate-release tacrolimus. Significantly more patients treated with prolonged release tacrolimus versus immediate-release tacrolimus achieved trough levels of 5 to 15 ng/mL early after transplantation.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Bäckman, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
The definition of very old age: A reply to French
- 1999
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Psychiatry. ; 156, s. 1291-1292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- French (1999) recently commented on the use of the term “very old age” in a previous study by us (Berger, Small, Forsell, Winblad, & Bäckman, 1998). In his comment, French argued that using the label “very old age” in characterizing our study sample was a
|
|
| 8. |
- Caracciolo, B, et al.
(författare)
-
The symptom of low mood in the prodromal stage of mild cognitive impairment and dementia : a cohort study of a community dwelling elderly population
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 82:7, s. 788-793
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate the symptom of low mood as a predictor of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression to dementia, taking into account: (i) MCI severity, (ii) time of assessment and (iii) interaction with other factors.Methods 764 cognitively healthy elderly subjects living in the community, from the Kungsholmen Project. Participants were assessed by direct interview to detect low mood. Subjects were then followed for 6 years to identify those who developed MCI. People with incident MCI were followed for a further 3 years to assess progression to dementia.Results People with low mood at baseline had a 2.7-fold (95% CI 1.9 to 3.7) increased risk of developing MCI at follow-up. The association was stronger for amnestic MCI (aMCI: HR 5.8; 95% CI 3.1 to 10.9) compared with global cognitive impairment (other cognitive impairment no dementia, oCIND: HR 2.2; 95% CI 1.5 to 3.3). ApoE-ε4 interacted with low mood in a synergistic fashion, increasing the risk of aMCI, while no interaction with psychiatric, vascular, frailty related or psychosocial factors was observed. Low mood at baseline, as opposed to low mood co-occurring with MCI, was associated with a 5.3-fold (95% CI 1.2 to 23.3) increased risk of progression to dementia in aMCI. In contrast, no association was found in oCIND.Conclusion Low mood was more strongly associated with aMCI than with global cognitive impairment. Progression towards dementia was predicted only by low mood manifest in the prodromal stage of MCI. These findings indicate that low mood is particularly prominent in the very early stages of cognitive decline.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kraemer, B. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Tacrolimus Once Daily (ADVAGRAF) Versus Twice Daily (PROGRAF) in De Novo Renal Transplantation : A Randomized Phase III Study
- 2010
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-6135 .- 1600-6143. ; 10:12, s. 2632-2643
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This multicenter, 1:1-randomized, parallel-group, noninferiority study compared the efficacy and safety of twice-daily tacrolimus (Tacrolimus BID; Prograf) and once-daily tacrolimus prolonged release (Tacrolimus QD; Advagraf), combined with steroids and low-dose mycophenolate mofetil without antibody induction, in 667 de novo kidney transplant recipients. A double-blind, double-dummy 24-week period was followed by an open extension of up to 12 months posttransplant. Biopsy-proven acute rejection rate at 24 weeks (primary endpoint, per-protocol analysis) was 15.8% for Tacrolimus BID versus 20.4% for Tacrolimus QD (p = 0.182; treatment difference 4.5%, 95% confidence interval-1.8%, 10.9%, just outside the prespecified 10% noninferiority margin). Kaplan-Meier 12-month patient and graft survival rates were 97.5% and 92.8% for Tacrolimus BID and 96.9% and 91.5% for QD. Both treatment groups showed equally well-maintained renal function at 12 months (mean creatinine clearance approximately 67 mL/min) and similar adverse event profiles. Overall results obtained with either Tacrolimus QD or BID, without antibody induction, were good, supporting use of the once-daily formulation as an effective alternative to the established twice-daily formulation.
|
|
| 10. |
- Wahlin, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Influences of thyroid stimulating hormone on cognitive functioning in very old age
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences. ; 53, s. 234-239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the relationship of thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) within normal ranges to cognitive performance in very old age. The participants (N = 200) were selected from a population-based study of non-demented persons
|
|
