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- Ahlstrand, Erik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a PCR method to determine the clinical significance of blood cultures with Staphylococcus epidermidis in patients with hematological malignancies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 122:6, s. 539-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether the detection and quantification of Staphylococcus epidermidis DNA in blood could distinguish S. epidermidis blood stream infections (BSIs) from blood culture contaminations in patients with hematological malignancies. The hld gene was chosen to identify S. epidermidis DNA and DNA in blood samples was detected by real-time PCR. Blood samples were obtained simultaneously with blood cultures positive for S. epidermidis (n = 30), during blood culture-negative episodes (n = 10) and episodes of bacteremia with other bacteria than S. epidermidis (n = 4) and from healthy blood donors (n = 10). In addition, DNA from S. epidermidis and a selection of other bacterial species were analyzed. Three different sets of criteria were used to classify episodes with positive blood cultures with S. epidermidis as BSIs or contaminations. All DNA preparations from S. epidermidis (n = 48) were hld-positive, but other bacterial species (n = 13) were negative. Sixteen (53%) of 30 blood samples from patients with blood cultures positive for S. epidermidis were hld-positive, but none of the controls. There was no clear association between a positive hld PCR and episodes interpreted as BSIs. In conclusion, hld PCR failed to distinguish S. epidermidis BSIs from blood culture contaminations in patients with hematological malignancies.
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| 2. |
- Bäckman, Assar, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular cloning and tissue expression of the murine analog to human stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Dermatology. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0022-202X .- 1523-1747. ; 113:2, s. 152-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (SCCE) may play a central part in epidermal homeostasis. Its proposed function is to catalyze the degradation of intercellular structures, including desmosomes, in the stratum corneum as part of the desquamation process. In order to facilitate physiologic and pathophysiologic studies on SCCE we have looked for the corresponding murine enzyme. A cDNA obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with total RNA prepared from mouse tails as starting material was cloned, and the expression of the corresponding mRNA studied. The murine cDNA showed 77% homology to human SCCE cDNA. It had an open-reading frame encoding a protein comprising 249 amino acids with 82% amino acid sequence homology to human SCCE including the conserved sequences of the catalytic traid of mammalian serine proteases. The murine protein was deduced to have a 21 amino acid signal peptide and a four amino acid propeptide ending with a tryptic cleavage site, followed by a sequence motif identical to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of native active human SCCE. As in human SCCE the P2 position of the propeptide was occupied by an acidic amino acid residue, and the position corresponding to the suggested bottom of the primary substrate specificity pouch occupied by an asparagine residue. Analyses of mouse tissues by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed high expression in the skin, low expression in lung, kidney, brain, heart, and spleen, and no expression in liver or skeletal muscle. In situ hybridization of mouse skin showed expression in high suprabasal keratinocytes and in the luminal parts of hair follicles. Our results strongly suggest that we have cloned the murine analog of human SCCE cDNA.
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| 6. |
- Bäckström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Mobilisation of heavy metals by deicing salts in a roadside environment
- 2004
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Ingår i: Water Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 38:3, s. 720-732
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The seasonal variations of some selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and principal anions in soil solutions were monitored as a function of distance from the road at two field sites in Sweden. During the winter, the conductivity, concentrations of dissolved sodium and chloride increased dramatically due to the application of deicing agents (i.e. NaCl). Due to ion exchange, the pH decreased one unit in the soil solutions, whereas the concentrations of total organic carbon decreased due to coagulation and/or sorption to stationary solids. The heavy metal concentrations increased during the winter, but through different mechanisms. Cadmium concentrations in the aqueous phase increased as a response to ion exchange, possibly also enhanced by the formation of chloride complexes. Similarly, the concentrations of zinc increased, due to ion exchange, with calcium and protons. The mechanisms of mobilisation for copper and lead were not that clear probably due to association with coagulated or sorbed organic matter in combination with colloid dispersion.
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| 7. |
- Fagerholm, Per, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Inherited corneal opacifications with an unusual distribution
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 85:1, s. 103-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To describe corneal opacities of a new type and distribution in a small family. Methods: Family members were interviewed and examined to establish a pedigree and to detect any corneal abnormalities. Results: Two family members presented with corneal opacities. Both had, in the very peripheral cornea, flat, greyish, rounded opacities, 20-200μm in diameter, on the Descemet's membrane. In addition, the mother had the same type of opacities over the central cornea just inside the Bowman's layer. The remaining parts of the corneas were clear. Vision was unaffected and the opacities caused no discomfort. There was no other corneal pathology. The subjects' general health was good. Conclusions: To our knowledge, these types and distribution of corneal opacities have not been described previously. Although the mode of inheritance at this point is uncertain, we believe the changes are of a dystrophic nature. © 2007 Acta Ophthalmol Scand.
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| 9. |
- Håglin, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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A structural equation model for assessment of links between changes in serum triglycerides, -urate, and -glucose and changes in serum Calcium, -magnesium and -phosphate in Type 2 diabetes and non-diabetes metabolism
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2840. ; 10:1, s. 116-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study investigates the associations between changes in serum Triglycerides (S-TG), -Urate (S-Urate), and -Glucose (S-Glu) and changes in serum Calcium (S-Ca), -Magnesium (S-Mg), and -Phosphate (S-P) in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with non-diabetic patients. Methods: The analysis is based on data collected from a secondary prevention population of women and men (W/M) at risk for cardiovascular disease (type 2 diabetes, 212/200; non-diabetes 968/703). The whole population (n = 2083) had a mean age of 51.0 (9.7) years and was stratified for sex and according to type 2 diabetes or non-diabetes. The patients were followed for, either half a year or one year and changes in risk factors were calculated from follow-up to baseline, the time when patients were admitted to the health center. The pattern of relationships was evaluated using a structural equation model. Results: Higher S-TG and S-Glu but lower S-Urate was revealed at baseline in type 2 diabetes women and men as compared to their counterparts, non-diabetes patients. Women with type 2 diabetes had higher S-Ca and lower S-Mg than non-diabetes women. Changes in S-Glu were associated with changes in S-Ca (+), baseline S-Ca (+), and S-Urate (-) in type 2 diabetes men. Changes in S-Urate were associated with changes in S-Mg (+) in type 2 diabetes women and non-diabetes men. In men with non-diabetes, changes in S-Glu were associated with changes in S-Mg (-). In women with non-diabetes, changes in S-Glu were associated with changes in S-P (-) and changes in S-Urate with changes in S-Ca (+). Conclusion: With respect to metabolic disturbances in non-diabetes and the awareness of risk for type 2 diabetes, changes in S-Glu and changes in S-Ca, S-Mg, and S-P should be considered as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Increased early detection and corrections of high S-Ca, low S-Mg, and S-P in obese patients may improve their metabolism and reduce the risk of CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes. Trial registration number: ISRCTN: ISRCTN79355192
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| 10. |
- Håglin, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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All-cause mortality of patients with dyslipidemia up to 19 years after a multidisciplinary lifestyle modification programme : a randomized trial
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. - 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275. ; 18:1, s. 79-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown that individual lifestyle factors are associated with cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. Observational studies of comprehensive programmes have reported risk reductions. The objectives were to assess the long-term all-cause mortality by diagnosis in patients referred to a lifestyle modification programme, aimed at combating coronary heart disease and stroke. METHODS: A randomized trial with 325 patients referred to the centre between 1988 and 1989 for dyslipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease; 239 patients were randomized to the programme, 86 randomized to usual care. Cases were admitted to the centre in groups of 30 for a 4-week residential comprehensive activity, in total 114 full-time hours, focusing on food preferences and selections, and physical exercise. The activities were repeated during a 4-day revisit to the centre 1 year and 5 years after the 4-week intervention. Controls were referred back to their doctors, mainly in primary care, for usual care. Main outcome measure was all-cause mortality during 11-12 and 18-19 years after intervention. RESULTS: At follow-up 11-12 years after referral, the relative risk reduction (RRR) was 76% with the intention-to-treat analysis among cases admitted for dyslipidemia (hazards ratio 0.24, confidence interval 0.06-0.89, P=0.033). After 18-19 years, the RRR was 66% (hazards ratio 0.34, confidence interval 0.13-0.88, P=0.026). No RRR was found for the other three diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Patients admitted for dyslipidemia reached a real long-term RRR of all-cause mortality. They had by definition a need for this programme.
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