| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental method for verification of calculated Cs-137 content in nuclear fuel assemblies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0029-5450 .- 1943-7471. ; 208:2, s. 295-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method to determine the absolute activity of 137Cs in irradiated nuclear fuel is presented. Using a well-known point-like calibration source in combination with measurements of the gamma-ray intensity from the nuclear fuel and Monte Carlo calculations based on the nominal measurement geometry, the activity content can be determined without prior knowledge of the intrinsic detection efficiency of the gamma-ray detector. The presented method is tested using measurements of the 137Cs intensity from spent nuclear fuel of the pressurized water type at the central interim storage in Sweden. Using an assumption of homogeneous distribution of 137Cs throughout the fuel, we demonstrate a linear relationship between measured activity and the activity calculated by a state-of-the-art simulation code. For future studies, we suggest some factors that potentially can decrease the uncertainty in the correlation between measured and calculated activity.
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| 2. |
- Bäckström, Anders, 1954-
(författare)
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Spelrum gatan : Strategier, gränser och motsättningar i spelhändelser genomförda på 2010-talets Södermalm i Stockholm
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to shed light on the processes produced when collective performances, here conceptualized as playing events, are performed in urban space in a specific city area, Södermalm in Stockholm between 2012 and 2017. By analyzing urban space as a changing and contradictory space, the study shows how playing events transform everyday space into a playing space. The transformation is decoded through the observation of playing strategies, embodied in the visual and auditory markings of the participating bodies. The study proposes the use of terms based on the verb playing. The term playing event is used in the thesis to refer to collective performances outside a regular theatre context. The use of the term broadens the understanding of what can be included in the concept of theatre. A theoretical pillar is formed by the theatre scholar Willmar Sauter's theory of the theatrical event, developed in the thesis through the concept of playing event. The second framework is provided by sociologist Henri Lefebvre's theories of social space and the right to the city. The study discusses the question of intervention, legality and civil disobedience and how embodied collectivity can emerge as an alternative to the gentrified lifestyle, which is growing strong, in terms of individualization and commodification, in Södermalm in the 21st century. The material of the thesis consists of four mobile playing events: The Supporter´s March, which is a football supporter´s event, secondly, a Catholic procession called Lord of the Miracles of Nazarenas, thirdly, the bicycle manifestation Critical Mass and finally The Pride Parade, a well-known street parade celebrating the hbtqi-community. These four events occupy the urban street with different strategies, thereby producing a variety of border crossings and contradictions. The thesis decodes communication processes between players and spectators and uncovers the dynamic processes between everyday life and playfulness that is produced during performances. The study is the first in the Swedish language to consistently use designations based on the verb playing for collective performances. It is the first study in the Swedish language to analyze, from a perspective of theatre studies, strategies, boundaries and contradictions in urban space when playing events are performed.
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| 3. |
- Bäckström, I, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake in head and neck irradiated patients with permanent dry mouth symptoms.
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. Part B, Oral Oncology. - 0964-1955. ; 31B:4, s. 253-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiotherapy of the head and neck region, which includes the major and minor salivary glands in the radiation field, usually leads to temporary or permanent xerostomia. This may affect eating and increase the risk of inadequate intake of energy and nutrients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of radiotherapy-induced xerostomia on energy and nutrient intake in individuals treated for malignancies in the head and neck region. The dietary intake of 24 patients with a low chewing stimulated whole saliva flow rate (< 0.5 ml/min) and in age and sex matched controls with normal flow rate (> 1.0 ml/min) was recorded for 7 days. The average daily energy intake was nearly 300 kcal lower in the irradiated patients with dry mouth symptoms than in the control group. The mean intake in the former group was 1925 kcal per day whereas the control group had an intake of 2219 kcal per day. Irradiated patients with dry mouth symptoms had significantly lower mean intakes of vitamin A, beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin B6, folacine, iron and zinc than those in the control group. There was also a lower intake of vitamin C, but this was not statistically significant. The intake of vitamins A and C exceeded or reached the levels recommended in the Swedish Nutritional recommendations, but the average intakes of fibre, iron, beta-carotene, vitamin E, zinc, selenium, and iron did not reach recommended levels, in neither the experimental nor the control group. There was a slight positive correlation between energy intake and saliva secretion rate in the control group, but the energy intake was totally independent of variations in secretion rate in the irradiated patients with low secretion rate.
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| 4. |
- Bäckström, Josefin, Med dr, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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I Was Merely a Brick in the Game : A Qualitative Study on Registered Nurses' Reasons for Quitting Their Jobs in Hospitals
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 2024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to explore why registered nurses (RNs) in Sweden choose to quit their jobs in hospitals, also in relation to experienced patient safety. Previous research has shown that nurse turnover, especially in hospital settings, is a serious challenge for society and health care globally. Insufficient staffing of RNs is linked to poorer patient outcomes and a general patient safety at risk. It is, therefore, important to continually explore how nurses describe their reasons for quitting their jobs. The study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive design, based on 11 semistructured interviews with RNs. The analysis generated four categories describing the results: Feeling that the profession is not valued; Psychological and physical symptoms related to work; An insufficient and unsupportive organization; and Unsatisfying leadership and teamwork. Specifically, the RNs participating in this study described a range of reasons for quitting, where the feeling of not being valued and treated as a respected and autonomous profession was a common thread throughout the results. RNs experienced that, overall, the insufficient work conditions, also resulting in lower patient safety, ultimately led to their decision to quit. The findings highlight the crucial need for employers to develop working conditions for RNs, to make sure that the profession is valued according to professional standards and provide the potential for autonomous nursing practice. To reduce nurse turnover, and instead attract and retain nurses, leadership and management in nursing need to be adjusted to meet the demands of a modern academic profession.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bäckström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Speciation of heavy metals in road runoff and roadside total deposition
- 2003
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 147:1-4, s. 343-366
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, W and Zn were measured in road runoff and total deposition at two Swedish field sites during one year. It was found that the concentrations of most elements increased significantly during the winter, up to one order of magnitude. For cobalt and tungsten, it was found that around 90% of the total mass transport occurred during the winter, whereas for Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Na, the corresponding figures were 70–90, 40–80, 60–90, 50–70 and >99% depending on site specific conditions. The deicing salts (rock salts) did not significantly contribute to the increase in trace element concentrations. Instead, the increased concentrations were due to more intense wearing of the pavement during the winter because of the use of studded tires in combination with the chemical effects caused by the use of deicing salts. New potential elemental markers for roads and traffic are suggested.
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| 7. |
- Dorell, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences With Family Health Conversations at Residential Homes for Older People
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Nursing Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1054-7738 .- 1552-3799. ; 25:5, s. 560-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to highlight family members' experiences of participating in Family Health Conversation (FamHC), based on families in which a family member was living in a residential home for older people. A total of 10 families and 22 family members participated in evaluating family interviews 1 month after participating in FamHC. The interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The main finding was being a part of FamHC increased family members' insights, understanding, and communication within the family. Getting confirmation from nurses was essential to cope with the new life situation, which also meant that they felt comfortable to partly hand over the responsibility for the older person who moved to the residential home. By being open and expressing their feelings, a bad conscience could be relieved. These findings showed that FamHC could be helpful for family members in adapting to this novel situation.
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| 8. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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How do Swedish day center attendees with psychiatric disabilities view their worker role? A structural equation modeling study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:3, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate how day center attendees with psychiatric disabilities perceived their worker role and the importance of current work situation and personal factors in that respect. Methods: Two-hundred attendees completed the Worker Role Self-assessment and questionnaires addressing possible predictors of the worker role: current employment situation, satisfaction with that situation, and a personal factor (encompassing self-esteem, self-mastery and engagement). Structural equation modeling was used. Results: A model indicated two worker role factors; belief in a future worker role (WR1) and current capacities and routines (WR2). WR1 was positively influenced by having a job, younger age and the personal factor. Satisfaction with current work situation (usually unemployment) was negatively associated with WR1. The personal factor was single predictor of WR2. The attendees rated WR2 more positively than WR1. Conclusions: The personal factor was crucial for both WR1 and WR2. Work-related factors were only important for WR1. The more negative rating of belief in a future worker role may be interpreted as mistrust in the services. The attendees’ positive ratings of capacities indicate, however, that they had a rehabilitation potential to develop. Enhancing self-esteem, mastery and engagement may be an avenue for staff in efforts to support the attendee’s worker role.
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| 9. |
- Ingelsson, Pernilla, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Taking a Holistic Perspective on Technical Communication and Lean
- 2015
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Ingår i: Quality Innovation Prosperity. - 1335-1745 .- 1338-984X. ; 19:2, s. 103-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present best practices and areas of improvement in Technical Communication (TC) analyzed with Lean values as a base. The purpose is also to analyze the results from a holistic perspective using the Synergy-4 model, a multi-perspective approach which considers four different spheres of an organization at a time in order to discover synergies.Methodology/Approach: To fulfill the purpose, 15 interviews in four different companies were conducted. These were then analyzed and the results were categorized into a number of predefined Lean areas. The results from the Lean values were then further analyzed with the Synergy-4 model as a base.Findings: Taking a Lean perspective could enhance the status of TC with regard to finding ways to incorporate the customer’s voice more clearly when it comes to strengthening the role of TC. The result from the analyses indicates that Lean and Synergy-4 can enrich each other.
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| 10. |
- Jansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Blind Benchmark Exercise for Spent Nuclear Fuel Decay Heat
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear science and engineering. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0029-5639 .- 1943-748X. ; 196:9, s. 1125-1145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The decay heat rate of five spent nuclear fuel assemblies of the pressurized water reactor type were measured by calorimetry at the interim storage for spent nuclear fuel in Sweden. Calculations of the decay heat rate of the five assemblies were performed by 20 organizations using different codes and nuclear data libraries resulting in 31 results for each assembly, spanning most of the current state-of-the-art practice. The calculations were based on a selected subset of information, such as reactor operating history and fuel assembly properties. The relative difference between the measured and average calculated decay heat rate ranged from 0.6% to 3.3% for the five assemblies. The standard deviation of these relative differences ranged from 1.9% to 2.4%.
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