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| 2. |
- Hewage, Chandana, et al.
(författare)
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Executive functions and child problem behaviors are sensitive to family disruption : a study of children of mothers working overseas
- 2011
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Ingår i: Developmental Science. - : Wiley. - 1363-755X .- 1467-7687. ; 14:1, s. 18-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mothers in Sri Lanka are increasingly seeking overseas employment, resulting in disruption of the childcare environment. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of maternal migration on executive function (EF) and behavior, thereby also contributing to the scientific understanding of environmental effects - or more specifically family effects - on children's neurocognitive functioning. A sample of 60 healthy 11-year-old children whose mothers had been working overseas for more than 1 year formed the study group, and a comparison group was recruited from the same schools. Evaluations were made twice over a 1-year interval with regard to the EF components inhibition and working memory as well as teacher ratings of internalizing and externalizing behavior. The children in the study group were found to have poorer EF and higher levels of externalizing behaviors. A composite score of inhibition partially mediated the group effect on externalizing behavior. Current home environment was assessed using the HOME scale, was poorer for the study group and was related to EF, but not to behavior problems. Keeping in mind the correlational nature of the present data, our results were discussed in relation to studies showing cognitive effects of stress.
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| 3. |
- Rodriguez, Alina, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal study of perceived health during pregnancy : Antecedents and outcomes
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Psychology. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 4:2, s. 129-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perceived health was studied longitudinally in a sample of 364 nulliparous women. Psychosocial, contextual, and biomedical factors were taken into account to predict medically relevant versus benign symptoms which were then used to predict perceived heal
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| 4. |
- Albertsson-Karlgren, U, et al.
(författare)
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Mental disease postpartum: Maternal expectations of and maternal reports of infant temperament
- 1999
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Ingår i: NORDIC JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. - : SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS. - 0803-9488. ; 53:4, s. 267-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a longitudinal study 14 mentally ill women were compared with a control sample of 24 somatically ill women. Both samples were admitted to the hospital within 6 months after delivery. Another control sample of 76 healthy women was included in the study
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Early temperament and stranger wariness as predictors of social inhibition in 2-year-olds
- 1999
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Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. - : BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC. - 0261-510X. ; 17, s. 421-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-five infants were followed from age 5 months to 25 months with the aim of studying the stranger wariness phenomenon from a temperamental perspective. Observations and heart rate reactions in a standardized situation of stranger approach, as well as
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| 6. |
- Andréasson, Per, 1963-
(författare)
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Emotional Empathy, Facial Reactions, and Facial Feedback
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The human face has a fascinating capability to express emotions. The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that the human face not only expresses emotions but is also able to send feedback to the brain and modulate the ongoing emotional experience. It has furthermore been suggested that this feedback from the facial muscles could be involved in empathic reactions. This thesis explores the concept of emotional empathy and relates it to two aspects concerning activity in the facial muscles. First, do people high versus low in emotional empathy differ in regard to in what degree they spontaneously mimic emotional facial expressions? Second, is there any difference between people with high as compared to low emotional empathy in respect to how sensitive they are to feedback from their own facial muscles? Regarding the first question, people with high emotional empathy were found to spontaneously mimic pictures of emotional facial expressions while people with low emotional empathy were lacking this mimicking reaction. The answer to the second question is a bit more complicated. People with low emotional empathy were found to rate humorous films as funnier in a manipulated sulky facial expression than in a manipulated happy facial expression, whereas people with high emotional empathy did not react significantly. On the other hand, when the facial manipulations were a smile and a frown, people with low as well as high emotional empathy reacted in line with the facial feedback hypothesis. In conclusion, the experiments in the present thesis indicate that mimicking and feedback from the facial muscles may be involved in emotional contagion and thereby influence emotional empathic reactions. Thus, differences in emotional empathy may in part be accounted for by different degree of mimicking reactions and different emotional effects of feedback from the facial muscles.
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| 9. |
- Berlin, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Response inhibition, hyperactivity, and conduct problems among preschool children
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology. - 1537-4416. ; 31:2, s. 242-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Investigated the relation among response inhibition, hyperactivity, and conduct problems in a nonclinical sample of 115 preschool children, using 2 different types of go/no-go tasks well as a Stroop-like task. In line with the assumption that hyperactivity is related to disinhibition, the results showed that it was the measures of response inhibition, and not other performance measures, that were related to teacher ratings of hyperactivity. There was also a significant relation between response inhibition and conduct problems. Interestingly, the correlation between response inhibition and conduct problems was not significant when partialling out the effect of hyperactivity, whereas the correlation between inhibition and hyperactivity did remain significant when controlling for conduct problems. Although the association between inhibition, hyperactivity, and conduct problems appeared to be partly different for boys and girls, these differences were not statistically significant.
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| 10. |
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