| 1. |
- Baas, Leenard, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Bio-resource production on the basis of Industrial Ecology in four European harbours, harbour cities and their region
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Économie Circulaire et Écosystémes Portuaires (Circular Economy and Port Ecosystems). - Paris : Foundation Sefacil. - 9782847698428 ; , s. 223-242
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter re ects the design and starting performance of the Symbiotic bio- Energy Port Integration with Cities by 2020 project (EPIC 2020). The EPIC 2020 project is coordinated by the city of Malmö and is performed in four harbour cities: Malmö in Sweden, Mantova in Italy, Navipe-Akarport in Greece, and Wismar (including Rostock) in Germany. A number of expert organisations and energy companies also take part in the project.The overall objectives of EPIC 2020 are to build operational and strategic capacity and know-how to promote ef cient use of available bioenergy resources, ef cient conversion technologies and interactions between different biomass supply chains. EPIC 2020 targets the untapped bioenergy resource potential of ports and port regions and the challenge of generating urban economic growth based on bioenergy resources. The project applies the industrial symbiosis approach to achieve its overall objectives.Ports provide crossing points between transport modes of goods and resources, with connections to hinterland and on-site industrial activities and a nearby urban setting. This means that ports, despite their limited areal footprint, have access to signi cant quantities of bio wastes, surrounding bioenergy resources, biomass from crossing supply chains and energy from intensive activities. The aim is to create platforms for the transformation of port areas to ef cient and carbon-neutral urban-integrated energy systems, where residual bio and energy resources and linear biomass supply chains are utilized as local and network resources.The EPIC 2020 project is halfway the 3-year performance framework. Re ection to primary results is provided.
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| 2. |
- Baas, Leenard, 1946-
(författare)
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Utilizing excess heat : from possibility to realization on the basis of industrial symbiosis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Energy Delta Institute Quarterly. - Groningen : Energy Delta Institute. - 2212-9669. ; 4:2-3, s. 12-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- One of the unintended “products” of intensive energy using production processes is excess heat, also called waste heat. Excess heat can for instance be found in the chemical, cement, iron and steel making, and the pulp and paper industry. The constantly growing demand for energy and resulting climate change effects are reinforcing interest in the application of excess heat, while increasing knowledge about industrial symbiosis makes facilitation easier. The growing costs of energy and the big loss of waste heat is the basis for the fact that recovering of waste heat is the most promising and cost effective option to reduce the world-wide amount of industrial energy consumption (International Energy Agency 2010). Waste recovery and reuse also provide financial savings, reduction of CO2 and NOx, and innovation by quality improvement of processes and products. Besides the single company’s internal improvement of excess heat recovery, the concept of industrial symbiosis provides a basis for waste heat exchange between companies as examples in the Netherlands and Sweden illustrate.
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| 3. |
- Mejia-Dugand, Santiago, et al.
(författare)
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Public utility companies in liberalized markets - The impact of management models on local and regional sustainability
- 2017
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Ingår i: Utilities Policy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0957-1787 .- 1878-4356. ; 49, s. 137-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes how publicly-owned utility companies can remain competitive in liberalized markets. We study EPM, a utility company from Medellin, Colombia. We discuss the companys management model, local laws and regulations affecting it, direct and indirect benefits for the city, and risks resulting from the power it has acquired. It is claimed that early decisions to maintain public ownership of key assets and provide the company with administrative autonomy helped it remain competitive, despite the liberalization of the market. This has allowed the city to increase its revenue and, as a result, its spending on social and environmental projects. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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