| 1. |
- Stenholm, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Survival and growth of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi in recalcitrant amine, amide and ammonium containing media
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The elimination of hazardous compounds in chemical wastes can be a complex and technically demanding task. In the search for environmental-friendly technologies, fungal mediated remediation and removal procedures are of concern. In this study, we investigated whether there are fungal species that can survive and grow on solely amine-containing compounds. One compound containing a primary amine group; 2-diethylaminoethanol, one compound with a primary amide group; 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), and a third compound containing a quaternary ammonium group; N-3-trimethyl(2-oxiranyl)methanaminium chloride, were selected. The choice of these compounds was motivated by their excessive use in large scale manufacturing of protein separation media (2-diethylaminoethanol and the quaternary amine). 2,6-dichlorobenzamide, the degradation product of the herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil), was chosen since it is an extremely recalcitrant compound. Utilising part of the large fungal diversity in Northern European forests, a screening study using 48 fungal isolates from 42 fungal species, including saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, was performed to test for growth responses to the chosen compounds. The ericoid (ERM) mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoscyphus ericae showed the best overall growth on 2-diethylaminoethanol and BAM in the 1-20 g L-1 concentration range, with a 35-fold and 4.5-fold increase in biomass, respectively. For N-3-trimethyl(2-oxiranyl)methanaminium chloride, the peak growth occurred at 1 g L-1. In a second experiment, including three of the most promising fungi (Laccaria laccata, Hygrophorus camarophyllus and Rhizoscyphus ericae) from the screening experiment, a simulated process water containing 1.9% (w/v) 2-diethylaminoethanol and 0.8% (w/v) N(3-)trimethyl(2-oxiranyl)methanaminium chloride was used. Laccaria laccata showed the best biomass increase (380%) relative to a control, while the accumulation for Rhizoscyphus ericae and Hygrophorus camarophyllus were 292% and 136% respectively, indicating that mycorrhizal fungi can use amine- and amide-containing substrates as nutrients. These results show the potential of certain fungal species to be used in alternative green wastewater treatment procedures.
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| 2. |
- Alajlani, Muaaz Mutaz, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Antimycobacterial Screening Schemes Using Chemical Global Positioning System-Natural Product Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI. - 1431-5157 .- 1420-3049. ; 25:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most of the targeted discoveries in tuberculosis research have covered previously explored chemical structures but neglected physiochemical properties. Until now, no efficient prediction tools have been developed to discriminate the novelty of screened compounds at early stages. To overcome this deficit, a drastic novel approach must include physicochemical properties filters provided by Chemical Global Positioning System-Natural Product analysis (ChemGPS-NP). Three different screening schemes GSK, GVKBio, and NIAID provided 776, 2880, and 3779 compounds respectively and were evaluated based on their physicochemical properties and thereby proposed as deduction examples. Charting the physiochemical property spaces of these sets identified the merits and demerits of each screening scheme by simply observing the distribution over the chemical property space. We found that GSK screening set was confined to a certain space, losing potentially active compounds when compared with an in-house constructed 459 highly active compounds (active set), while the GVKBio and NIAID screening schemes were evenly distributed through space. The latter two sets had the advantage, as they have covered a larger space and presented compounds with additional variety of properties and activities. The in-house active set was cross-validated with MycPermCheck and SmartsFilter to be able to identify priority compounds. The model demonstrated undiscovered spaces when matched with Maybridge drug-like space, providing further potential targets. These undiscovered spaces should be considered in any future investigations. We have included the most active compounds along with permeability and toxicity filters as supplemented material.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Backlund, Anders, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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A revision of Cycniopsis (Scrophulariaceae)
- 1993
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Botany. - Copenhagen, Denmark : NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY. - 0107-055X .- 1756-1051. ; 13, s. 185-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Backlund, Anders, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Adoxaceae
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319285320 ; , s. 19-29
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Backlund, Anders, 1965-
(författare)
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Columelliaceae
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319285320 ; , s. 141-144
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Backlund, Anders, 1965-
(författare)
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Phylogeny and chemography
- 2008
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Ingår i: Planta Medica. - : Thieme Medical Publishers. - 0032-0943 .- 1439-0221. ; 74:9, s. SL64-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural compounds are evolutionary selected and pre-validated by Nature, displaying a unique diversity of chemical properties and corresponding biological activities. Of utmost importance for a rational discovery and exploration of new biologically active compounds are two aspects: one the identification and charting of the biologically relevant chemical space, the other a similar charting of the corresponding evolutionary space. he first key to this is the coverage of the natural products' chemical space. For this purpose we introduced ChemGPS-NP, with the aim to provide a tool for more efficient and stringent compound comparison, to identify parts of chemical space related to particular biological activities, and to track changes in chemical properties due to e.g. evolutionary traits and modifications in biosynthesis. Physical-chemical properties not directly discernible from structural data can be compared, making selection more rational when screening natural compounds and analogues. The second key would consequently be to explore evolutionary space by elucidating and utilising robust phylogenies for the organisms under study. From this basis reflecting the evolutionary history and hence biosynthesis development, further conclusions can be drawn. Based these initial attempts, the intersection of chemical and evolutionary space have been explored. With regard to e.g. compound classes such as iridoids, betalains, and sesquiterpene lactones, evolutionary patterns of changes in physical-chemical properties are observed and compared. For eight major classes of plant defence peptides analyses of structure base alignments provide arguments for rational classification. In addition, evolution of the enzyme Rubisco, have been explored with reference to major structural features.
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| 10. |
- Backlund, Anders, 1965-
(författare)
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Topical chemical space in relation to biological space
- 2010
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Natural Products II. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 9780080453828 ; , s. 47-79
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, the mapping of physical–chemical descriptor space of natural products and its relation to the biological space, with emphasis on evolutionary and topical biological space, is discussed. A brief presentation of methods for phylogenetic analysis and their different advantages is followed by discussions of evolutionary implications. Examples from both unpublished and previously published studies are presented.
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