| 1. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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A machine learning- and compressed sensing-based approach for surrogate modelling in environmental acoustics: towards fast evaluation of building façade road traffic noise levels
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internoise 2022. - : The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- State-of-the-art urban road traffic noise propagation simulation methods such as the CNOSSOS-EU framework rely on ray tracing to estimate noise levels at specific locations on façades, so-called receiver points; this method is relatively computationally expensive and its cost increases with the number of receiver points, which limit the spatial resolution of such simulations in the context of real-time or near-real-time urban noise simulation applications. This contribution aims to investigate the applicability of multiple data-driven methods to the surrogate modelling of traffic noise propagation for fast façade noise calculation as an alternative to these traditional, ray-tracing-based methods. The proposed approach uses compressed sensing to select a small subset of optimal receiver points from which the dataset of the entire façade may be reconstructed, associated with either a kriging model or neural networks, used to predict noise levels for these sensors. The prediction performance of each of these steps is evaluated on an academic test case, with two levels of complexity based on the dimensionality of the problem.
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| 2. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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A methodology to assess the impact of driving noise from individual vehicles in an urban environment
- 2021
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Ingår i: "Advances in Acoustics, Noise and Vibration - 2021" Proceedings of the 27th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, ICSV 2021.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traffic is a major source of environmental noise pollution in urban areas. The present contribution focuses on a methodology designed to assess the impact of the noise generated by individual vehicles on a city's population using NoiseModelling, an open-source library implementing the CNOSSOS-EU model, capable of producing environmental noise maps. The initial step of the proposed method consists in processing microscopic traffic data (simulated in the present contribution), where the traffic intensity is dependent on the time of day that is targeted. The micro-traffic data is subsequently used to generate background noise maps by simulating the propagation of traffic noise. Then, the impact of the noise from the vehicle of interest is simulated, based on several parameters (route followed, type of motorization: diesel or hybrid, etc.). Finally, the data is post-processed to calculate the "exceedance" (increase in ambient noise) caused by the vehicle, taking the previously calculated background noise maps as reference. The complete methodology, its underlying assumptions, and the associated criteria proposed in order to assess the impact of noise emissions from individual vehicles is demonstrated on a realistic scenario.
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| 3. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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From strategic noise maps to receiver-centric noise exposure sensitivity mapping
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 102, s. 103114-103114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Road traffic is a major source of environmental noise pollution in urban areas. While strategic noise maps are widely used to identify the critical areas and propose mitigation plans, more specific tools are needed to evaluate the impact from traffic noise such as overall population exposure or anticipated impact from specific vehicles in varying spatiotemporal traffic conditions.The present contribution proposes a receiver-centric mapping approach, introducing “noise-exposure sensitivity maps”, meant to assess the potential noise exposure impact from a specific vehicle in a given network, quantifying the associated exceedance over the prevailing background noise, under varying spatiotemporal traffic conditions. The resulting maps are thus focussed on a representation of the receiver exposure as opposed to considering the noise emission and propagation alone.The complete methodology, its underlying assumptions, and possible applications such as route optimisation are demonstrated on realistic scenarios.
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| 4. |
- Baclet, Sacha, et al.
(författare)
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Near-real-time dynamic noise mapping and exposure assessment using calibrated microscopic traffic simulations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With prospective applications ranging from improving the understanding of the daily and seasonal dynamics of noise exposure to raising public awareness of the associated health effects, dynamic noise mapping in real time is one of the next milestones in environmental acoustics. The present contribution proposes a methodology for near-real-time dynamic noise mapping, enabling the generation of dynamic noise maps and the calculation of advanced noise exposure indicators, here arbitrarily established for the previous day, on the scale of large urban areas. This methodology consists in (i) collecting live traffic counts, measured using dedicated IoT sensors, (ii) calibrating a microscopic traffic simulation using these sparsely distributed traffic counts, (iii) modelling noise emission and propagation from the microscopic traffic simulation, and finally, (iv) post-processing the noise simulation output for the calculation of a wide range of exposure indicators. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on the city of Tartu, Estonia.
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| 5. |
- Koch, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of changes in environmental exposures and health behaviours due to the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular and mental health : A comparison of Barcelona, Vienna, and Stockholm
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier BV. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responses to COVID-19 altered environmental exposures and health behaviours associated with noncommunicable diseases. We aimed to (1) quantify changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2), noise, physical activity, and greenspace visits associated with COVID-19 policies in the spring of 2020 in Barcelona (Spain), Vienna (Austria), and Stockholm (Sweden), and (2) estimated the number of additional and prevented diagnoses of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, depression, and anxiety based on these changes. We calculated differences in NO2, noise, physical activity, and greenspace visits between pre-pandemic (baseline) and pandemic (counterfactual) levels. With two counterfactual scenarios, we distinguished between Acute Period (March 15th - April 26th, 2020) and Deconfinement Period (May 2nd - June 30th, 2020) assuming counterfactual scenarios were extended for 12 months. Relative risks for each exposure difference were estimated with exposure-risk functions. In the Acute Period, reductions in NO2 (range of change from -16.9 mu g/m3 to -1.1 mu g/m3), noise (from -5 dB(A) to -2 dB(A)), physical activity (from -659 MET*min/wk to -183 MET*min/wk) and greenspace visits (from -20.2 h/m to 1.1 h/m) were largest in Barcelona and smallest in Stockholm. In the Deconfinement Period, NO2 (from -13.9 mu g/m3 to -3.1 mu g/m3), noise (from -3 dB(A) to -1 dB(A)), and physical activity levels (from -524 MET*min/wk to -83 MET*min/wk) remained below pre-pandemic levels in all cities. Greatest impacts were caused by physical activity reductions. If physical activity levels in Barcelona remained at Acute Period levels, increases in annual diagnoses for MI (mean: 572 (95% CI: 224, 943)), stroke (585 (6, 1156)), depression (7903 (5202, 10,936)), and anxiety (16,677 (926, 27,002)) would be anticipated. To decrease cardiovascular and mental health impacts, reductions in NO2 and noise from the first COVID-19 surge should be sustained, but without reducing physical activity. Focusing on cities' connectivity that promotes active transportation and reduces motor vehicle use assists in achieving this goal.
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| 6. |
- Venkataraman, Siddharth, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing noise exposure in the Vehicle Routing Problem : A case study of last-mile freight deliveries in Stockholm
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internoise 2022. - : The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improvements in noise mapping techniques and smart cities infrastructure have fostered the development of new ways to evaluate traffic noise exposure. An example of one such outcome is the noise exposure sensitivity map, which quantifies the noise exposure potential of a road network as a function of the vehicle type, the prevailing background noise, and the population exposed. The potential for planning vehicle routing that is offered by the above-mentioned map calls for solving the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) with a focus on optimising the noise exposure. A case study is chosen for applying the VRP, and it is taken from last-mile off-peak deliveries performed in Stockholm, Sweden in the context of the CIVITAS Eccentric project. The VRP is independently solved for the following objectives: distance travelled, driving time, and driving noise exposure potential. Also considered is a heterogeneous objective that is a combination of these factors. The impact of the objective function, on the resulting routes is presented.
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