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- Behlke, Rico, et al.
(författare)
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Solitary structures associated with short large-amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMS) upstream of the Earth's quasi-parallel bow shock
- 2004
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 31:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- [1] For the first time, solitary waves (SWs) have been observed within short large-amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMS) upstream of the Earth's quasi-parallel bow shock. The SWs often occur as bipolar pulses in the electric field data and move parallel to the background magnetic field at velocities of v = 400–1200 km/s. They have peak-to-peak amplitudes in the parallel electric field of up to E′∥ = 65 mV/m and parallel scale sizes of L∥ ∼ 10 λD. The bipolar solitary waves exhibit negative potential structures of ∣Φ∥∣ = 0.4–2.2 V, i.e., eΦ∥/kTe ∼ 0.1. None of the theories commonly used to describe SWs adequately address these negative potential structures moving at velocities above the ion thermal speed in a weakly magnetized plasma.
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- Andre, M., Behlke, R., Wahlund, J.E., Vaivads, A., Eriksson, A., Tjulin, A., Carozzi, T. D., Cully, C., Gustafsson, G., Sundkvist, D., Khotyaintsev, Y., Cornilleau-Wehrlin, N., Rezeau, L., Maksimovic, M., Lucek, E., Balogh, A., Dunlop, M., Lindqvist, P.A.
(författare)
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Multi-spacecraft observations of broadband waves near the lower hybrid frequency at the Earthward edge of the magnetopause.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Annales Geophysicae. ; 19:6, s. 1471-1481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broadband waves around the lower hybrid frequency (around 10 Hz) near the magnetopause are studied, using the four Cluster satellites. These waves are common at the Earthward edge of the boundary layer, consistent with earlier observations, and can have a
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- Andre, M., et al.
(författare)
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Multi-spacecraft observations of broadband waves near the lower hybrid frequency at the Earthward edge of the magnetopause
- 2001
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Ingår i: Annales Geophysicae. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 0992-7689 .- 1432-0576. ; 19:12-okt, s. 1471-1481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broadband waves around the lower hybrid frequency (around 10 Hz) near the magnetopause are studied, using the four Cluster satellites. These waves are common at the Earthward edge of the boundary layer, consistent with earlier observations, and can have amplitudes at least up to 5 mV/m. These waves are similar on all four Cluster satellites, i.e. they are likely to be distributed over large areas of the boundary. The strongest electric fields occur during a few seconds, i.e. over distances of a few hundred km in the frame of the moving magnetopause, a scale length comparable to the ion gyroradius. The strongest magnetic oscillations in the same frequency range are typically found in the boundary layer, and across the magnetopause. During an event studied in detail, the magnetopause velocity is consistent with a large-scale depression wave, i.e. an inward bulge of magnetosheath plasma, moving tailward along the nominal magnetopause boundary. Preliminary investigations indicate that a rather flat front side of the large-scale wave is associated with a rather static small-scale electric field, while a more turbulent backside of the large-scale wave is associated with small-scale time varying electric field wave packets.
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- Backrud, M., Wahlund, J., Andre, M., Balogh, A., Buckert, S., Cornilleau, N., Vaivads, A.
(författare)
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Widespread Eletrostatic ion Cyclotron/ion Acoustic Turbulence Above Auroral Acceleration Region, CLUSTER Observations
- 2003
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Ingår i: American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2003.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Brandenburg, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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SCALE DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETIC HELICITY IN THE SOLAR WIND
- 2011
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 734:1, s. 9-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We determine the magnetic helicity, along with the magnetic energy, at high latitudes using data from the Ulysses mission. The data set spans the time period from 1993 to 1996. The basic assumption of the analysis is that the solar wind is homogeneous. Because the solar wind speed is high, we follow the approach first pioneered by Matthaeus et al. by which, under the assumption of spatial homogeneity, one can use Fourier transforms of the magnetic field time series to construct one-dimensional spectra of the magnetic energy and magnetic helicity under the assumption that the Taylor frozen-in-flow hypothesis is valid. That is a well-satisfied assumption for the data used in this study. The magnetic helicity derives from the skew-symmetric terms of the three-dimensional magnetic correlation tensor, while the symmetric terms of the tensor are used to determine the magnetic energy spectrum. Our results show a sign change of magnetic helicity at wavenumber k approximate to 2 AU(-1) (or frequency nu approximate to 2 mu Hz) at distances below 2.8 AU and at k approximate to 30 AU(-1) (or nu approximate to 25 mu Hz) at larger distances. At small scales the magnetic helicity is positive at northern heliographic latitudes and negative at southern latitudes. The positive magnetic helicity at small scales is argued to be the result of turbulent diffusion reversing the sign relative to what is seen at small scales at the solar surface. Furthermore, the magnetic helicity declines toward solar minimum in 1996. The magnetic helicity flux integrated separately over one hemisphere amounts to about 10(45) Mx(2) cycle(-1) at large scales and to a three times lower value at smaller scales.
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- Karaba Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy gender imbalance; revisiting a lingering issue
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:7, s. 1113-1121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recently, it has been suggested that gender disparity in Occupational Therapy has to do with segregated gendered job norms that position female dominated professions as a 'step down' for many males. Interestingly, this suggestion was not underpinned by experiences of males in the profession.Aims and methods: Thirteen male Occupational Therapists with a variety of backgrounds were invited to this Round Table research, focussing on the broader issue of the existing gender imbalance in Occupational Therapy.Results: Two themes emerged: 'The core values of the profession', and 'Broadening the scope of the profession'; none of them suggesting that male/female imbalance was necessarily the most pressing issue.Conclusions: A gender-unrelated approach to everyday problem-solving was put forward to achieve increased diversity in Occupational Therapists' backgrounds, better reflecting the people they serve. By broadening the scope and the way the profession is presented, and encouraging innovative and more entrepreneurially driven approaches, diversity in the workforce could be further facilitated. These findings are discussed within the context of 'The mutual constitution of cultures and selves' model.Significance: Diversity in the Occupational therapy workforce could be further facilitated with a shift in focus away from the male/female perspective to an intersectional approach.
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