| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Antonini, Angelo, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative Effectiveness of Device-Aided Therapies on Quality of Life and Off-Time in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease : A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: CNS Drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1172-7047 .- 1179-1934. ; 36:12, s. 1269-1283
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Research comparing levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion (CSAI) for advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) is lacking. This network meta-analysis (NMA) assessed the comparative effectiveness of LCIG, DBS, CSAI and best medical therapy (BMT) in reducing off-time and improving quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced PD. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational and interventional studies from January 2003 to September 2019. Data extracted at baseline and 6 months were off-time, as reported by diary or Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part IV item 39, and QoL, as reported by Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39/PDQ-8). Bayesian NMA was performed to estimate pooled treatment effect sizes and to rank treatments in order of effectiveness. Results: A total of 22 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n = 2063 patients): four RCTs, and 16 single-armed, one 2-armed and one 3-armed prospective studies. Baseline mean age was between 55.5–70.9 years, duration of PD was 9.1–15.3 years, off-time ranged from 5.4 to 8.7 h/day in 9 studies, and PDQ scores ranged from 28.8 to 67.0 in 19 studies. Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel and DBS demonstrated significantly greater improvement in off-time and QoL at 6 months compared with CSAI and BMT (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the effects of LCIG and DBS, but DBS was ranked first for reduction in off-time, and LCIG was ranked first for improvement in QoL. Conclusions: This NMA found that LCIG and DBS were associated with superior improvement in off-time and PD-related QoL compared with CSAI and BMT at 6 months after treatment initiation. This comparative effectiveness research may assist providers, patients, and caregivers in the selection of the optimal device-aided therapy.
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| 3. |
- Antonini, Angelo, et al.
(författare)
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The Long-Term Impact of Levodopa/Carbidopa Intestinal Gel on ‘Off’-time in Patients with Advanced Parkinson’s Disease : A Systematic Review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances in Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0741-238X .- 1865-8652. ; 38:6, s. 2854-2890
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG; carbidopa/levodopa enteral suspension) has been widely used and studied for the treatment of motor fluctuations in levodopa-responsive patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) when other treatments have not given satisfactory results. Reduction in ‘off’-time is a common primary endpoint in studies of LCIG, and it is important to assess the durability of this response. This systematic literature review was conducted to qualitatively summarise the data on the long-term effects of LCIG therapy on ‘off’-time. Methods: Studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Ovid on 30 September 2019. Studies were included if they reported on patients with PD, had a sample size of ≥ 10, LCIG was an active intervention and ‘off’-time was reported for ≥ 12 months after initiation of LCIG treatment. Randomised clinical trials, retrospective and prospective observational studies, and other interventional studies were included for selection. Data were collected on: ‘off’-time (at pre-specified time periods and the end of follow-up), study characteristics, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) II, III and IV total scores, dyskinesia duration, quality of life scores, non-motor symptoms and safety outcomes. Results: Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. The improvement in ‘off’-time observed shortly after initiating LCIG was maintained and was statistically significant at the end of follow-up in 24 of 27 studies. ‘Off’-time was reduced from baseline to end of follow-up by 38–84% and was accompanied by a clinically meaningful improvement in quality of life. Stratified analysis of ‘off’-time demonstrated mean relative reductions of 47–82% at 3–6 months and up to 83% reduction at 3–5 years of follow-up. Most studies reported significant improvements in activities of daily living and motor complications. Most frequent adverse events were related to the procedure or the device. Conclusion: In one of the largest qualitative syntheses of published LCIG studies, LCIG treatment was observed to provide a durable effect in reducing ‘off’-time. Infographic: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.]
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| 4. |
- Antonini, Angelo, et al.
(författare)
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Validation and clinical value of the MANAGE-PD tool : A clinician-reported tool to identify Parkinson's disease patients inadequately controlled on oral medications
- 2021
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Ingår i: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1353-8020. ; 92, s. 59-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Making Informed Decisions to Aid Timely Management of Parkinson's Disease (MANAGE-PD) is a clinician-reported tool designed to facilitate timely identification and management of patients with advancing Parkinson's disease (PD) with suboptimal symptom control while on standard therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and clinical value of the tool. Methods: Driven by structured inputs from a steering committee and panel of PD experts, the tool was developed to classify patients into 3 categories. Validity and clinical value were elucidated using a two-pronged approach: (i) hypothetical patient vignettes (n = 10) developed based on the MANAGE-PD tool and rated by 17 PD specialists and 400 general neurologists (GN) and (ii) patients with PD (n = 2546) managed in real-world clinical settings. Vignette validity was based on concordance between PD experts’ clinical judgement and MANAGE-PD vignette categorization. Patient-level data was used for known-group comparisons (validity) and discordant pair analysis (clinical value). Results: The tool demonstrated strong validity and clinical value among PD specialists (intraclass coefficient [ICC] 0.843; Fleiss weighted kappa [ƙweighted] 0.79) and GN (ICC 0.690; ƙweighted 0.65) using patient vignettes. MANAGE-PD also demonstrated real-world validity and clinical value based on ability to identify patients with incrementally higher clinical, economic, and humanistic PD burden across categories of the tool (p < 0.01). Conclusions: MANAGE-PD demonstrated robust validity and clinical value in identifying patients with suboptimal PD symptom control. Clinical use of MANAGE-PD may complement treatment decision-making and facilitate timely and comprehensive management of patients with advancing PD.
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