| 1. |
- Barabash, Victoria, Dr, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a Competence Ecosystem for the Future Space Workforce: Strategies, Practices and Recommendations from International Masterprograms in Northern Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: IAC 2021 Congress Proceedings, 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Dubai, United Arab Emirates. - : International Astronautical Federation (IAF).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Requirements from the global labor market have substantially changed in recent years. Graduate and postgraduate students with excellent subject knowledge, deep understanding of modern working methods, technical and higher-order thinking, engineering intuition and problem-solving skills are in great demand. They should also have professional skills such as well-developed abilities in communication and teamwork, usually in an international work environment. This review discusses the advantages of multidisciplinary study environment, educational strategies such as student-oriented teaching, project-based learning with its applicability to a "real-world" setting, active learning techniques, development of entrepreneurial skills, lessons learned and best practices from the international Master Program in Spacecraft Design and the Joint Master Program in Space Science and Technology – SpaceMaster at Luleå University of Technology in northern Sweden. The importance of complementarity between formal, informal and non-formal learning methods for science and engineering students has been specifically highlighted. Connections to the world of work, through active industry involvement in the education in a systematic way, e.g. External Advisory Board, shared services and facilities, joint projects and supervision of Master and PhD students, is recognised as a key success factor for professional training. A structural combination of modern pedagogical tools, strategic partnership with industry, business entities, academic partners and up-to-date multidisciplinary labs creates the conceptual framework for a Competence Ecosystem for fostering a new generation of space scientists and engineers.
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| 2. |
- Kajtar, Rita Edit, 1988-
(författare)
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Improved data analysis methods for the millimetre-wave observation of strato-mesospheric ozone and winds over Northern Sweden
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses and discusses the work done to improve an ozone retrieval method. The newly implemented method aims to invert emission spectra measured with the millimetre-wave radiometers KIMRA and MIRA2 at the Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF) in Kiruna. In addition, the thesis presents the testing of wind retrieval capabilities that were performed in connection to the ozone retrieval method. Ozone monitoring stations are unequally distributed across latitudes despite the growing demand for measurements in remote regions, such as the Arctic. According to the Global Atmospheric Watch program, there are no registered ozone monitoring stations in Northern Sweden. Furthermore, the need for inferring mid-stratosphere to mid-mesosphere wind profiles is a consequence of the relatively poor characterization of the complex atmospheric dynamics at these altitudes by the existing monitoring techniques. The ground-based monitoring station for trace gases at IRF is unique in Northern Scandinavia. It has the potential to investigate regional ozone distributions all-yearlong for altitudes between approximately 15 km and 55 km. KIMRA and MIRA2 are passive remote sensing instruments, and they operate in separate frequency ranges of the millimetre-wave spectral band. The radiometers were designed to continuously measure emission rates from trace gas molecules in different regions of the atmosphere. Being located in the Arctic gives the advantage of measuring ozone in the proximity of the polar vortex during the winter season. The retrieval version presented in this thesis was developed to correct for the deviations encountered in the previous method used at IRF to infer vertical ozone profiles from measurements done with the two radiometers. Moreover, in recent years, the former method’s purpose has been shifted more towards carbon monoxide retrievals (in the case of KIMRA), which left room for upgrading and stabilizing the ozone retrievals. The advanced versions of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) used as a forward model, and the embedded Optimal Estimation Method (OEM) have allowed for a more robust data analysis setup. Recent developments in ARTS have led to a rather versatile simulator with a robust numerical setup and a more straightforward control file management. An analysis of prevailing conditions for middle atmospheric winds, together with preparations for retrievals of strato-mesospheric winds, are also discussed in this thesis. Among others, simulated retrievals and sensitivity studies based on synthetic spectrahave been conducted to prepare for possible retrievals using the radiometers in Kiruna.
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| 3. |
- Barabash, Victoria, Dr, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of a competence ecosystem for the future space workforce: strategies, practices and recommendations from international master programs in northern Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Astronautica. - : Elsevier. - 0094-5765 .- 1879-2030. ; 197, s. 46-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Requirements from the global labor market have substantially changed in recent years. Graduate and post-graduate students with excellent subject knowledge, deep understanding of modern working methods, technicaland higher-order thinking, engineering intuition and problem-solving skills are in great demand. They should also have professional skills such as well-developed abilities in communication and teamwork, usually in an international work environment. This review discusses the advantages of multidisciplinary study environment, educational strategies such as student-oriented teaching, project-based learning with its applicability to a“real-world” setting, active learning techniques, development of entrepreneurial skills, lessons learned and best practices from the international Master Program in Spacecraft Design and the Joint Master Program in SpaceScience and Technology – SpaceMaster at Luleå University of Technology in northern Sweden. The importance of complementarity between formal, informal and non-formal learning methods for science and engineering studentshas been specifically highlighted. Connections to the world of work, through active industry involvementin the education in a systematic way, e.g. External Advisory Board, shared services and facilities, joint projectsand supervision of Master and PhD students, is recognised as a key success factor for professional training. A structural combination of modern pedagogical tools, strategic partnership with industry, business entities, academic partners and up-to-date multidisciplinary labs creates the conceptual framework for a CompetenceEcosystem for fostering a new generation of space scientists and engineers.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Belova, Evgenia, et al.
(författare)
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High-speed echoes in the polar winter mesosphere: Infrasound as a probable cause
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 72:8, s. 3181-3201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We considered three events on 4 November 2015, 22 December 2016, and 12 November 2018, when the signals travelling in the polar winter mesosphere with high horizontal velocities above 300 m/s were measured by the atmospheric radar ESRAD (Chilson et al., 1999) located at Esrange, near Kiruna in northern Sweden. We proposed four mechanisms of generation of such special cases of polar mesosphere echoes, e.g. high-speed PMWE, that involve microbaroms, i.e. infrasound waves at 0.1 - 0.35 Hz frequencies created by ocean swell. These mechanisms are (i) generation of viscous waves, (ii) generation of thermal waves, (iii) direct contributions of infrasound, and (iv) generation of secondary waves at sound dissipation. These processes necessarily accompany sound propagation in inhomogeneous, thermally conducting and viscous fluid (air). The four models were theoretically analysed and their efficiency was estimated. The infrasound measurements at the IS37 station (Gibbons et al., 2019) located about 170 km north-west from the ESRAD radar, modelled maps of the microbarom sources, infrasound propagation conditions and ionospheric conditions for these three PMWE events support the proposed models. Infrasound-generated thermal waves are suggested to be the most probable specific cause of the observed high-speed, high-aspect-ratio PMWE events. However, absence of in-situ infrasound and plasma measurements did not allow us to quantify contributions of individual physical mechanisms to the fast-travelling echoes generation.
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| 6. |
- Belova, Evgenia, et al.
(författare)
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Polar Mesosphere Winter Echoes and their relation to infrasound
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polar Mesosphere Winter Echoes (PMWE) are radar echoes that originate from the mesosphere at 50-80 km altitude and are observed with VHF radars during equinox and winter seasons. Strong PMWE are relatively rare phenomena, in most cases they are observed when the lower ionosphere displays high ionisation. Interpretations of observational results concerning PMWE are controversial and the origin of the echoes is still under debate. Especially intriguing is that in some cases of strong PMWE, the measured horizontal speeds of the radar reflecting structures can exceed 300 m/s. Radar reflection (scattering) by infrasound waves at frequencies below about 2 Hz was suggested in order to explain these observations. We will give recent examples of PMWE events of high horizontal speed as observed with the 52 MHz MST radar (ESRAD) located at Esrange (68°N, 21ºE) in northern Sweden. Together with this we will analyse infrasound measurements made at ground-based stations near Kiruna (67.5°N, 20.13ºE) and at the infrasound station IS37 (69°N, 18ºE) in Norway during these events. We discuss prospective relations between PMWE and the microbaroms that are generated by ocean swell in the North Atlantic.
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| 7. |
- Hestad, Theresia, et al.
(författare)
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The APTAS student CubeSat Mission: A case study for reflective practitioner in education and student teams
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 72:6, s. 2245-2258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the growing number of educational CubeSat projects, there is a lack of available literature related to analysis of good practices and lessons learned associated with learning environment of such university student projects, their internal organisational, and management issues. Difficulties arise when international standards, procedures and practices from professional satellite development projects must be adopted by student teams to their local projects. This paper discusses educational, organisational, and human factors that contribute to the success of the master student space projects at Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna Space Campus. The authors focus on project structure, management, working, and learning environment of the ongoing student CubeSat project APTAS and analyse problems and difficulties encountered in relation to the other actual student space projects at LTU. The result of quantitative and qualitative analysis of questionnaires, interviews, reflections and observations of the national and international master students is presented, and provides practical advice for university student teams and their supervisors.
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| 8. |
- Moore, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Penetrometry in Microgravity- From Brie to Bennu
- 2022
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Ingår i: EPSC Abstracts Vol. 16, 2022. - : Copernicus GmbH.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this abstract we discuss a proposal for a microgravity flight campaign within which we will investigate penetrometry in a microgravity environment. Understanding the mechanical properties of solar system minor bodies is essential for understanding their origin and evolution. Past missions such as Hayabusa-2 and OSIRIS-REX have landed on asteroids and taken samples to discover what these bodies are made of. However, there has been conflicting evidence and reports into the physical properties of the granular surface material of these bodies. With future missions such as JAXA’s MMX mission travelling to Phobos to take a sample of the body the results from this campaign will be very important to that and future missions. Penetrometry, i.e. the determination of the reaction force an object experiences as it penetrates into a surface, can help to understand the essential properties regarding regolith such as grain size, grain shape, cohesion and bulk density. The usage of penetrometry however has mostly been limited ground-based studies such as soil sciences or even cheese maturation. Very little is known about the underlying physics of penetrometry. Results of penetrometry experiments are largely analysed based on empirical models, which presents us with a challenge if we want to apply the same parameters to understand granular materials on asteroid surfaces. Obviously, gravity cannot be eliminated in the laboratory. Hence, it is essential to verify penetrometry as a method and validate penetrometry instrument designs in microgravity.For this purpose, we propose a parabolic flight campaign. Our experiment will test the use of penetrometry in asteroid-analogue environments by investigating samples with varying properties such as grain size and shape. The microgravity aspect of the experiment is one of the most important factors because it enables us to correlate laboratory experiments at 1g with identical setups in a gravity regime relevant to asteroids. The proposed experimental setup will include a variety of samples with varying grain sizes, grain shapes, porosities and grain size distributions. The penetrometer used will also have varying properties such as the diameter, shape, and velocity of penetration. A robotic arm will push a penetrometer into the samples to measure the reaction force which can then be used to determine the mechanical properties of the samples. By varying the samples and penetrometer properties it will be possible to better understand the relevant parameters affecting reaction force. The suitability of the setup will also be reviewed to understand its usage and applicability in microgravity environments such as the robotic arm that will be used. All of the experiments carried out during the parabolic campaign will also be done at 1g to compare the tests in varying gravity levels. With a better understanding of the science behind penetrometry and the effects of microgravity, future missions will be better prepared and be able to use penetrometry more effectively to understand small-body surfaces.
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| 9. |
- Vomero, Mariapina, et al.
(författare)
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Large-Scale Sea Ice Divergence and Convergence Monitoring in the Arctic Ocean during Spring 2018
- 2021
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Ingår i: Okhotsk Sea and Polar Oceans Research (OSPOR). - : Okhotsk Sea and Polar Oceans Research Association (OSPORA). ; , s. 31-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates sea ice motion in the Arctic Ocean during the year 2018 to detect areas of ice deformation. We aim to improve the current understanding of large-scale sea ice circulation by examining ice convergence/divergence during the early melt-season. OSISAF sea ice drift data provided by EUMETSAT were used for the analysis during the months of March and April. Daily ice drifting speed and deformation parameters showed a strong correlation throughout the observed interval, while a local-scale analysis revealed different patterns for ice divergence and convergence in areas of enhanced ice drift.
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