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- Fremont, Vincent, 1984-
(författare)
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The Digital Transformation of the Manufacturing Industry : Metamorphic Changes and Value Creation in the Industrial Network
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Industry 4.0 trend poses many challenges for the manufacturing industry and societies generally. The trend presents new challenges and opportunities related to industrial competitiveness and sustainability, as industrial firms adopt digital technologies to change how they interact and exchange data across their industrial network. The introduction of digital technologies is resulting in a complex technological and organizational structural change process called digital transformation, which sees interfirm interactions, capabilities and identities changed across the industrial network. The digital transformation change process has remained relatively ill-defined, as most industries are yet to show the full potential of successful digital transformation. Firms within the manufacturing industry still have difficulties grasping the impact and costs of Industry 4.0 and of the digital transformation process. The prevailing assumption in the literature is that industries will achieve value creation simply by engaging with digital technologies, either in higher revenues, profitability or both if they are successful. The change process affects all aspects of industrial network, from the single product functionality and production process efficiency to interfirm business interactions, thus affecting in many regards value creation in the industrial network. By employing an Industrial Marketing and Purchasing approach, the dissertation analyzes the issues of interaction, change and value creation in the resource context of two large industrial networks undergoing complex digital transformations. This article dissertation will present four qualitative studies of two large manufacturing industrial network undergoing complex digital transformations with the interaction approach. This dissertation presents several findings and contributions specific to the digital transformation change process, including the presence of metamorphic irreversible and interactive changes challenging the status quo of interactions and value creation in the resource context, creating conflicts, controversies, and friction effects. It also underscores the importance of organizational elements of organizations for the digital transformation, and how a unique combination of changes across the resource context, from new roles to new ways of working allow the industrial network to create value beyond simple technological incremental innovations. The dissertation presents a theory of metamorphic change in the industrial network, to describe complex change processes like the digital transformation.
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| 2. |
- Okhravi, Christopher, 1987-
(författare)
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Composing Policy Interventions for Antibiotic Development
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance is eroding the efficacy of the drugs we have and, unless future science dictates otherwise, bacteria will eventually become resistant to whatever new antibiotics we discover. We must therefore plan for a continuous stream of innovation. Unfortunately, pharmaceutical firms have left the scene to pursue more profitable areas. While the free market may eventually give rise to a solution, the question is how much destruction we are willing to accept on the way, and whether it eventually will be too late. A plethora of policy interventions, aimed at stimulating antibiotic research and development, have been suggested, and simulation modelers have begun estimating their effects. Suggested interventions range from prizes, grants, and competitions to regulatory fast-tracking and non-profit development. No unified picture of what to do has emerged. From the perspective of policy-makers, the need does not seem to be for more but for better information. This thesis suggests that to truly compare policy interventions, aimed at stimulating antibiotic development, we should draw on simulation model alignment techniques. To support such an endeavor this thesis presents the seeds of a compositional language capable of formally expressing policy interventions as offers that can be actualized into contracts. The language is not merely theoretical but implementable and usable within actual simulation models. The language is not only derived from previous research on compositional contracts in functional languages and the resources-events-agents ontology, but also the author's unique position as a participant in DRIVE-AB, which comprised 16 public and 7 private partners from 12 countries, and finally six separately published simulation experiments that are all based on work by the author. A constructive proof is provided to establish the utility of the solution in terms of its capacity to capture important facets of important policy interventions.
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| 3. |
- B. Forsberg, Petter, 1984-
(författare)
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Collaboration in practice : A multiple case study on collaboration between small enterprises and university researchers
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- University-industry collaborations (UICs) have been hailed as key for Sweden's innovativeness and economic growth. Similarly, building research and innovation policies for the promotion of collaboration between universities and industry have become a cornerstone for many other European countries.In academic literature there has been an emphasis on efficiency, facilitation, effects and values obtained in UICs. They have been widely studied, both in terms of the reasons why they are formed, their structure and the effects they create, but not much in terms of how they work on a daily basis. There is less attention in the literature to analyse or problematise how UIC work is carried out when a connection has already been formed or is repeatedly enacted. Additionally, there is also a lack of studies looking at small firms UICs. Through identifying a lack of perspective in the UIC literature this thesis builds on the recent developments in practice theory in addressing some of the gaps found. It thus analyses these collaborations from a perspective not present in the literature in pursuit of how UICs are carried out.Through four embedded case studies between small enterprises and university researchers the thesis questions some of the assumptions made in the UIC literature and policy documents. First of all, through the practice theory lens, the thesis shows how the creation of a node/linchpin, a boundary object or a broker, between university and industry is instrumental in enabling collaboration work to take place. Secondly, being able to work together successfully does not equal outcomes sought after by policy organisations. Nevertheless, a general conclusion is that there were valuable outcomes for both the companies and the researchers, confirming previous research on UICs. But, these benefits were often difficult to put into clear numbers or metrics and appeared only after a very long time.The thesis argues that policy (and associated organisations) should promote the connection between a research site/practices and a company site/practices rather than pushing for a joint practice. In such a way UICs can be valuable for both researchers and companies.
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| 4. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Applying the resource interaction approach to policy analysis - Insights from the antibiotic resistance challenge
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 106, s. 376-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores how the Resource Interaction Approach (RIA), namely the 4Rs model and the three settings of developing-producing-using, can be applied to complex policy analyses. We use the global sustainability challenge of antibiotic resistance as an example to define an agenda about how these analytical tools can frame and analyze such problems systematically. We find that these tools offer benefits to policymakers, including flexibility in framing problems, by selecting the focal resources and values to be prioritized, and the ability to visualize the direct and indirect interdependencies that enable or hinder value creation. Moreover, the RIA can point at the resource interfaces that need to change through specific policy interventions, as well as the potential network-level barriers to such changes. We also find that the RIA needs to be complemented by network-level analyses of deal structures and monetary flows in order to better capture the legal and financial dimensions of policy problems and solutions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting IMP and entrepreneurship research : Directions for future research
- 2020
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 91, s. 495-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a research field, entrepreneurship emerged from an increasing interest in fostering new business ventures. Over the past decade, interest in entrepreneurial phenomena also triggered several studies in the IMP research stream. We examine connections between these two research streams in terms of the phenomena in focus, key concepts, and approaches to identify research areas fruitful for advancing our understanding of entrepreneurial phenomena. In pursuit of this aim, we analyzed 48 IMP-based entrepreneurship studies and the abstracts of the 227 most cited papers in eight main entrepreneurship journals; among the latter, we conducted an in-depth analysis of 30 articles, in which we found connections with IMP studies. Based on our analysis, we identify four directions for future research, where confronting and bridging the key concepts has the potential to contribute to conceptualizing entrepreneurial phenomena and related theory development. The four areas are: variety in the context of new ventures; multiplicity of networks embedding new ventures; connecting the new venture to its context; and the new venture's learning and management.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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From supplier to center of excellence and beyond : The network position development of a business unit within "IKEA Industry"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 100, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to develop a more dynamic and relational view of centers of excellence (CoE) within multinational enterprises (MNEs), that is, business units with specific and highly valuable competencies and knowledge, which are transferred and leveraged by other units of the MNE. We employ a longitudinal case study to analyze how, between 1986 and 2014, an external supplier progressively became a CoE within IKEA and even improved this role, thereby becoming increasingly important for the MNE. Particularly, we develop a model linking internal (resources, competencies, and structure) and external factors (exchange volumes, interorganizational routines, mutual dependence, trust and commitment, and identities) with changed network positions, which, in turn, define the intensity and importance of a CoE's role. Thus, the elements required to establish a CoE may not originate from the MNE's core competencies, but may be extracted, recombined, and integrated externally from the MNE's global supply network.
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| 9. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing interorganizational interactions for social impact : A study of two antibiotics R&D networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 141, s. 264-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper relies on a comparative case study of two antibiotics R&D networks, ENABLE and CARB-X, to understand how interorganizational interactions can be managed to achieve social impact. In particular, we investigate (1) how particular management mechanisms and interorganizational interactions relate to the network's intended social impact, and (2) how these management mechanisms influence interorganizational interactions. We find that (1) the intended social impact influences the choice of management mechanisms from the very start of a partnership and orients the kind of interactions occurring within the network, and (2) that management mechanisms can shape the interactions unfolding in the network, but that the structural elements of these interactions also make these mechanisms more or less applicable to the network. We contribute to the Industrial Marketing & Purchasing (IMP) view with a model of managing networks building on the three concepts of: intended social impact, management mechanisms, and interorganizational interactions.
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| 10. |
- Baraldi, Enrico, Professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Policy options for Nordic collaboration to improve access to antibiotics
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to antibiotics in the Nordic countries can be jeopardized not only by general factors such as low margins, uncertain volumes, overdependence and fragile supply chains, which can result in missing registration, deregistration and shortages, but also by the small size and fragmented nature of the Nordic markets. Nordic collaboration on specific policies and joint action to address such issues could improve access to antibiotics. Starting from a total of 30 policy options discussed in the literature, this report first selects 10 policies and then identifies 8 prioritized policy options which are presented in a roadmap comprising five waves. The first wave includes improved shortage information and supply chain transparency, a detailed map of production capacity dedicated to the Nordic countries, and common packages and electronic leaflets. The second wave consists of mutual recognition of approvals of old antibiotics and good purchasing practices. The third wave includes new reimbursement models such as revenue guarantees, international stockpiling, and pooled procurement. The fourth wave promotes a production capacity expansion near the Nordic countries,and the fifth wave inside the Nordic countries. Before implementing specific policies, the Nordic countries need to agree on which specific antibiotic products are to be targeted by each policy, which would ideally result in commonly agreed priority lists of clinically relevant products with high supply risk.
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