| 1. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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Verification of high-energy transport codes on the basis of activation data
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 84:6, s. 064612-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclide production cross sections measured at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) for the targets of (nat)Cr, (56)Fe, (nat)Ni, (93)Nb, (181)Ta, (nat)W, (nat)Pb, and (209)Bi irradiated by protons with energies from 40 to 2600 MeV were used to estimate the predictive accuracy of several popular high-energy transport codes. A general agreement of the ITEP data with the data obtained by other groups, including the numerous GSI data measured by the inverse kinematics method was found. Simulations of the measured data were performed with the MCNPX (BERTINI and ISABEL options), CEM03.02, INCL4.2 + ABLA, INCL4.5 + ABLA07, PHITS, and CASCADE.07 codes. Deviation factors between the calculated and experimental cross sections have been estimated for each target and for the whole energy range covered by our measurements. Two-dimensional diagrams of deviation factor values were produced for estimating the predictive power of every code for intermediate, not measured masses of nuclei targets and bombarding energies of protons. Further improvements of all tested here codes are recommended. In addition, new measurements at ITEP of nuclide yields from the (208)Pb target irradiated by 500-MeV protons are presented. A good agreement between these new data and the GSI measurements obtained by the inverse kinematics method was found.
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| 2. |
- Batyaev, V.F., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring fissile and matrix materials in closed containers by means of pulsed neutron sources
- 2013
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Ingår i: Atomic Energy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-8205 .- 1063-4258. ; 115:2, s. 116-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computational and experimental studies of the possibility of determining the fissile and matrix materials by means of differential neutron attenuation are presented. The time response of 235U fission under the action of 14 MeV neutrons from an ING-07T pulsed neutron generator, fabricated by VNIIA, on a 70-liter steel container holding uranium in graphite, iron and polyethylene matrices is analyzed. It is shown that milligram quantities of 235U can be detected and the matrix type and density as well as the location of fissile material inside a container can be determined.©2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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| 3. |
- Titarenko, Yu E., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the cross sections for nuclide production in Fe-56 and Cr-nat targets irradiated with 0.04- to 2.6-GeV protons
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics of Atomic Nuclei. - 1063-7788 .- 1562-692X. ; 74:4, s. 523-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross sections for nuclide production in thin Fe-56 and Cr-nat targets irradiated by 0.04-2.6-GeV protons are measured by direct gamma spectrometry using two gamma spectrometers with the resolutions of 1.8 and 1.7 keV for the Co-60 1332-keV gamma line. As a result, 649 yields of radioactive residual product nuclei have been obtained. The Al-27(p, x)Na-22 reaction has been used as a monitor reaction. The experimental data are compared with the MCNPX (BERTINI, ISABEL), CEM03.02, INCL4.2, INCL4.5, PHITS, and CASCADE07 calculations.
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| 4. |
- Titarenko, Yu E., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the cross sections for nuclide production in Nb-93 and Ni-nat targets irradiated with 0.04- to 2.6-GeV protons
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics of Atomic Nuclei. - 1063-7788 .- 1562-692X. ; 74:4, s. 537-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross sections for nuclide production in thin Nb-93 and Ni-nat targets irradiated by 0.04- to 2.6-GeV protons have been measured by direct gamma spectrometry using two gamma spectrometers with the resolutions of 1.8 and 1.7 keV in the Co-60 1332-keV gamma line. As a result, 1112 yields of radioactive residual nuclei have been obtained. The Al-27(p, x)Na-22 reaction has been used as a monitor reaction. The experimental data have been compared with the MCNPX (BERTINI, ISABEL), CEM03.02, INCL4.2, INCL4.5, PHITS, and CASCADE07 calculations.
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| 5. |
- Titarenko, Yu E., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the cross sections for nuclide production in W-nat and Ta-181 targets irradiated with 0.04- to 2.6-GeV protons
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics of Atomic Nuclei. - 1063-7788 .- 1562-692X. ; 74:4, s. 551-572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross sections for nuclide production in thin (nat)Wand Ta-181 targets irradiated by 0.04-2.6-GeV protons have been measured by direct gamma spectrometry using two gamma spectrometers with the resolutions of 1.8 and 1.7 keV in the Co-60 1332-keV gamma line. As a result, 1895 yields of radioactive residual product nuclei have been obtained. The Al-27(p, x)Na-22 reaction has been used as a monitor reaction. The experimental data have been compared with the MCNPX (BERTINI, ISABEL), CEM03.02, INCL4.2, INCL4.5, PHITS, and CASCADE07 calculations.
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| 6. |
- Titarenko, Yu E., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the cross sections for the production of Gd-148 in thin W-nat and Ta-181 targets irradiated with 0.4- to 2.6-GeV protons
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics of Atomic Nuclei. - 1063-7788 .- 1562-692X. ; 74:4, s. 573-579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cross sections for the production of Gd-148 in W-nat and Ta-181 targets irradiated by 0.4-, 0.6-, 0.8-, 1.2-, 1.6-, and 2.6-GeV protons at the ITEP accelerator complex have been measured by direct alpha spectrometry without chemical separation. The experimental data have been compared with the data obtained at other laboratories and with the theoretical simulations of the yields on the basis of the BERTINI, ISABEL, CEM03.02, INCL4.2, INCL4.5, CASCADE07, and PHITS codes.
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| 7. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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Cross sections for nuclide production in a Fe-56 target irradiated by 300, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2600 MeV protons compared with data on a hydrogen target irradiated by 300, 500, 750, 1000, and 1500 MeV/nucleon Fe-56 ions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 78:3, s. 034615-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents the cross sections for radioactive nuclide production in Fe-56( p, x) reactions determined in six experiments using 300, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2600 MeV protons of the external beam from the ITEP U-10 proton accelerator. In total, 221 independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residuals of half-lives from 6.6 min to 312 d have been obtained. The radioactive product nuclide yields were determined by direct gamma-spectrometry. The measured data have been compared with the experimental data obtained elsewhere by the direct and inverse kinematics methods and with calculation results of 15 different codes that simulated hadron-nucleus interactions: MCNPX (INCL, CEM2K, BERTINI, ISABEL), LAHET (BERTINI, ISABEL), CEM03 (.01,. G1,. S1), LAQGSM03 (.01,. G1,. S1), CASCADE-2004, LAHETO, and BRIEFF. Most of the data obtained here are in a good agreement with the inverse kinematics results and disprove the results of some earlier activation measurements that were quite different from the inverse kinematics measurements. The most significant calculation-to-experiment differences are observed in the yields of the A < 30 light nuclei, indicating that further improvements in nuclear reaction models are needed, and pointing out as well to a necessity of more complete experimental measurements of such reaction products.
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| 8. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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Residual nuclide formation in Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208,Pb-nat and Bi-209 induced by 0.04-2.6 GeV protons as well as in Fe-56 induced by 0.3-2.6 GeV protons
- 2008
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR DATA FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS. - Les Ulis, France : E D P SCIENCES. ; , s. 1099-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is aimed at experimental determination of independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residual product nuclei in the intermediate energy proton-irradiated thin targets made of highly isotopic enriched and natural lead (Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208,Pb-nat), bismuth (Bi-209), and highly isotopic enriched iron (Fe-56). 5972 independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residuals nuclei have been measured in 55 thin Pb and Bi targets irradiated by 0.04, 0.07, 0.10, 0.15, 0.25, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.6 GeV protons. Besides, 219 yields have been measured in 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.6 GeV proton-irradiated Fe target. In both cases, the protons were extracted from the ITEP U-10 synchrotron. The measured data are compared with experimental results obtained elsewhere and with theoretical calculations by seven codes. The predictive power was found to be different for each of the codes tested, but was satisfactory on the whole in the case of spallation products. At the same time, none of the codes can describe well the product yields throughout the whole product mass range, and all codes must be further improved.
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| 9. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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High-energy threshold reaction rates on 0.8 GeV proton-irradiated thick Pb-target
- 2008
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR DATA FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS. - Les Ulis, France : E D P SCIENCES. ; , s. 1209-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This works presents results of activation-aided determination of threshold reaction rates in 92 Bi-209, Pb-nat, Au-197, Ta-181, Tm-169, In-nat, Nb-93, Zn-64, Cu-65, Cu-63, Co-59, F-19, and C-12 samples and in 121 Al-27 samples. All the samples are aligned with the proton beam axis inside and outside the demountable 92-cm thick Pb target of 15-cm diameter assembled of 23 4-cm thick discs. The samples are placed on 12 target disks to reproduce the long axis distribution of protons and neutrons. In June 2006, the target was exposed for 18 hours to a 800-MeV proton beam extracted from the ITEP U-10 accelerator. The proton fluence and the proton beam shape were determined using the 27Al (p,X)7 Be monitor reaction. The total number of protons onto the target was (6.0 +/- 0.5). 10(15). The reaction rates were determined by the direct gamma-spectrometry techniques. The GC-2518 detectors of 1.8 keV resolution and the DGDK-60V detectors of 2.9 keV resolution at the 1332 keV gamma-line were used to take the measurements. In total, 1196 gamma-spectra have been measured, and about 1500 reaction rates determined. The measured reaction rates were simulated by the MCNPX code using the following databases: ENDF/B6 for neutrons below 20 MeV, MENDL2 for 20-100 MeV neutrons, and MENDL2P for proton cross sections up to 200 MeV. An acceptable agreement of simulations with experimental data has been found.
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