| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
- Dahl Lassen, Anne, et al.
(författare)
-
Food at Work around the Clock – The Nordic Model : report from a Nordic Workshop, November 4, 2016, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 2017
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report brings together 12 invited presentations and outcomes of a workshop on food and meals for employees working irregular hours “around the clock”. The workshop, “Food at work around the clock – The Nordic Model”, was hosted by the National Food Institute at the Technical University of Denmark on November 4, 2016, in Lyngby, near Copenhagen, Denmark. This was a culmination of the collaboration started in 2015 between researchers from the hosts institute, Gävle University and Kristianstad University in Sweden, and the School of Applied Educational Sciences and Teacher Education in Finland. The workshop was funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers.
|
|
| 4. |
- Enge, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Malnutrition prevalence according to GLIM and its feasibility in geriatric patients : a prospective cross-sectional study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 63:3, s. 927-938
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeIn 2019, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) suggested a 2-step diagnostic format for malnutrition including screening and diagnosis. Prospective validation and feasibility studies, using the complete set of the five GLIM criteria, are needed. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of malnutrition, and investigate how the prevalence varied with mode of screening. Furthermore, we assessed the feasibility of GLIM in geriatric patients.MethodsConsecutive patients from two acute geriatric wards were included. For screening risk of malnutrition, the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) or Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) were used. In accordance with GLIM, a combination of phenotypic and etiologic criteria were required for the diagnosis of malnutrition. Feasibility was determined based on % data completeness, and above 80% completeness was considered feasible.ResultsOne hundred patients (mean age 82 years, 58% women) were included. After screening with MNA-SF malnutrition was confirmed by GLIM in 51%, as compared with 35% after screening with MST (p = 0.039). Corresponding prevalence was 58% with no prior screening. Using hand grip strength as a supportive measure for reduced muscle mass, 69% of the patients were malnourished. Feasibility varied between 70 and 100% for the different GLIM criteria, with calf circumference as a proxy for reduced muscle mass having the lowest feasibility.ConclusionIn acute geriatric patients, the prevalence of malnutrition according to GLIM varied depending on the screening tool used. In this setting, GLIM appears feasible, besides for the criterion of reduced muscle mass.
|
|
| 5. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 6. |
- Tønnesen, Siren, et al.
(författare)
-
Brain Age Prediction Reveals Aberrant Brain White Matter in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder : A Multisample Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9022 .- 2451-9030. ; 5:12, s. 1095-1103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share substantial neurodevelopmental components affecting brain maturation and architecture. This necessitates a dynamic lifespan perspective in which brain aberrations are inferred from deviations from expected lifespan trajectories. We applied machine learning to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices of white matter structure and organization to estimate and compare brain age between patients with SZ, patients with BD, and healthy control (HC) subjects across 10 cohorts.METHODS: We trained 6 cross-validated models using different combinations of DTI data from 927 HC subjects (18-94 years of age) and applied the models to the test sets including 648 patients with SZ (18-66 years of age), 185 patients with BD (18-64 years of age), and 990 HC subjects (17-68 years of age), estimating the brain age for each participant. Group differences were assessed using linear models, accounting for age, sex, and scanner. A meta-analytic framework was applied to assess the heterogeneity and generalizability of the results.RESULTS: Tenfold cross-validation revealed high accuracy for all models. Compared with HC subjects, the model including all feature sets significantly overestimated the age of patients with SZ (Cohen's d = -0.29) and patients with BD (Cohen's d = 0.18), with similar effects for the other models. The meta-analysis converged on the same findings. Fractional anisotropy-based models showed larger group differences than the models based on other DTI-derived metrics.CONCLUSIONS: Brain age prediction based on DTI provides informative and robust proxies for brain white matter integrity. Our results further suggest that white matter aberrations in SZ and BD primarily consist of anatomically distributed deviations from expected lifespan trajectories that generalize across cohorts and scanners.
|
|
| 7. |
- Alexander, Stephen P. H., et al.
(författare)
-
The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: G protein-coupled receptors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY. - : British pharmacological society. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 180
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24 is the sixth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of approximately 1800 drug targets, and about 6000 interactions with about 3900 ligands. There is an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes almost 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at . G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2023, and supersedes data presented in the 2021/22, 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.
|
|
| 8. |
- Beck, Dani, et al.
(författare)
-
Adipose tissue distribution from body MRI is associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal brain age in adults
- 2022
-
Ingår i: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier Science Ltd. - 2213-1582. ; 33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an intimate body-brain connection in ageing, and obesity is a key risk factor for poor cardiometabolic health and neurodegenerative conditions. Although research has demonstrated deleterious effects of obesity on brain structure and function, the majority of studies have used conventional measures such as waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and body mass index. While sensitive to gross features of body composition, such global anthropometric features fail to describe regional differences in body fat distribution and composition. The sample consisted of baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired from 790 healthy participants aged 18-94 years (mean +/- standard deviation (SD) at baseline: 46.8 +/- 16.3), and follow-up brain MRI collected from 272 of those individuals (two time-points with 19.7 months interval, on average (min = 9.8, max = 35.6). Of the 790 included participants, cross-sectional body MRI data was available from a subgroup of 286 participants, with age range 19-86 (mean = 57.6, SD = 15.6). Adopting a mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal design, we investigated cross-sectional body magnetic resonance imaging measures of adipose tissue distribution in relation to longitudinal brain structure using MRI-based morphometry (T1) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We estimated tissue-specific brain age at two time points and performed Bayesian multilevel modelling to investigate the associations between adipose measures at follow-up and brain age gap (BAG) - the difference between actual age and the prediction of the brains biological age - at baseline and follow-up. We also tested for interactions between BAG and both time and age on each adipose measure. The results showed credible associations between T1-based BAG and liver fat, muscle fat infiltration (MFI), and weight-to-muscle ratio (WMR), indicating older-appearing brains in people with higher measures of adipose tissue. Longitudinal evidence supported interaction effects between time and MFI and WMR on T1-based BAG, indicating accelerated ageing over the course of the study period in people with higher measures of adipose tissue. The results show that specific measures of fat distribution are associated with brain ageing and that different compartments of adipose tissue may be differentially linked with increased brain ageing, with potential to identify key processes involved in age-related transdiagnostic disease processes.
|
|
| 9. |
- Beck, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
-
Erfarenheter av specialistsjuksköterskeutbildningen med inriktning vård av äldre och av arbetslivet efter utbildningen : En enkätstudie
- 2024
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet var att undersöka specialistsjuksköterskor vård av äldres erfa-renheter av specialistutbildningen och av arbetet som specialistsjuk-sköterska efter avslutad utbildning. Syftet var även att beskriva erfa-renheter utifrån funktion (chef/utveckling/patientnära arbete) och upplevelse av arbetsmiljö hos de som tog specialistexamen mindre eller mer än 5 år efter sjuksköterskeexamen. Studien är en tvärsnittsstudie där data samlades in med en enkät som skickades ut till specialistsjuksköterskor som tagit examen mellan åren 2016–2020. Enkäten genomfördes som en alumnundersökning inom samverkansarbetet i Nano-syd och nationella nätverket för Spe-cialistsjuksköterskeprogam inom vård av äldre. Totalt valde 7 av 12 lärosäten att genomföra alumnundersökningen. Enkäten skickades ut under augusti till november år 2023 till 188 specialistsjuksköterskor. Totalt besvarade 61 specialistsjuksköterskor enkäten, en svarsfre-kvens på 32%. Specialistsjuksköterskorna är överlag mycket nöjda med sin specia-listutbildning dåden har förberett dem inför deras arbete och ligger i linje med det som arbetsgivare efterfrågar. Möjligheterna till bra arbe-ten som specialistsjuksköterska, arbetsledande funktion eller annat kvalificerat arbete är stora. Det finns dock specialistsjuksköterskor som upplever att arbetsgivare och verksamheter inte tar tillvara speci-alistkompetensen efter genomförd utbildning. Specialistsjuksköters-kor uppger att det finns bristande kunskap hos verksamhetsföreträ-dare om specialistinriktningen. En bidragande faktor som identifierats till att specialistutbildningen inom vård av äldre och de två andra in-riktningarna inte är kända är att klassificeringssystemet SSYK osyn-liggör specialistsjuksköterskan i arbetsförmedlingens och statistik-myndighetens databaser. Specialistsjuksköterskorna påtalar de behov av utveckling som behövs inom hälso- och sjukvården för att äldre personer i behov av vård och omsorg ska erhålla en god och säker vård, och rapporterar att de genom sin specialistutbildning har kompetens att förbättra vården om vårdgivarna tar vara på deras kompetens.
|
|
| 10. |
- Krogh, Line H., et al.
(författare)
-
Handling the inpatient's hospital 'Career' : Are nurses laying the groundwork for healthy meal and nutritional care transitions?
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nursing Inquiry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1320-7881 .- 1440-1800. ; 26:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This qualitative study examined hospital nurses' methods in handling meal and nutrition care during inpatient time, with an underlying focus on undernourished older adult. Observations and interviews were used to document nurses' methods through the span of a transition (defined by an entry, passage, and exit). The study finds inconsistencies in care methods due to institutional processes restricting both mealtime care and nutritional logging of information throughout hospitalization. It is concluded that the consequences of these inconsistencies must be recognized and that new approaches to meals and nutritional care should be introduced in order to provide greater flexibility. Based on the assumption that mobilizing patient resources is pivotal for meal and nutritional care, it is argued that it may be important to mobilize patient resources during mealtime and in nutritional logging of information in order to increase the visibility of meal and nutritional care in patient transitions within the institution and across settings. Both nurses' methods and institutions developmental initiatives regarding meal and nutritional care need to accommodate the differences between what in this paper is defined as social-bodily care and text-based care. This could be met through care methods that take place with, more than for the patient.
|
|
