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| 2. |
- Ade, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The Simons Observatory : science goals and forecasts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial con figuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping approximate to 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, at a target level of sigma(r) = 0.003. The large aperture telescope will map approximate to 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 mu K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.
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- Beckman, Claes, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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On the impact of velocity on the train-to-earth MIMO propagation channel : Statistical observations and qualitative analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781538632840 ; , s. 1865-1866
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We provide measured data collected from 97 trains completing over 7000 journeys in Sweden showing that the throughput over LTE is impacted by train velocity. In order to explain these observations we assume that the underlying causes can be found in the implementation of the MIMO system into LTE Rel. 8 and the diffuse scattering of signals from ground reflections.
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- Beckman Gyllenstrand, Anna
(författare)
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Medication management and patient compliance in old age
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In old age, many physiological functions decrease and many older people also suffer from multiple chronic conditions. This leads to high drug consumption, but may also impair the ability to manage these medications. The first objective of this thesis was to describe different aspects of medication management (MM) in the elderly, such as opening medicine containers, tablet swallowing and the cognitive components of MM. A second objective was to explore the relationships between MM and functions, demographics and compliance in an elderly population. Thirdly, we wanted to explore what older people do when facing difficulties with MM. For this thesis, three different populations were used: the Kungsholmen project (paper I and III), the SWEOLD (paper II) and the Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC) (paper IV). In the first and second studies we used tests of opening of containers and of MM respectively. In the third study data were collected on tablet sizes and volumes and correlated to age, gender, housing and self-reported ability to swallow medicines. For the fourth study we developed a questionnaire regarding several aspects of MM and patient compliance, also including questions of what the elderly do when facing difficulties with MM. We found that a large proportion of older people living in the community have difficulties with MM. In the first study this was exemplified by the finding that a fairly large proportion was not able to open three different kinds of medicine containers. We also found that, among persons that did not manage to open the containers, a large proportion did not receive help with their own medications. In the second study we found that a test of MM including more cognitively demanding processes of MM, was very difficult to perform without making errors on one item or the other. In addition, the results from this test correlated poorly to the selfreported ability to manage medications. In the third study we looked at self-reported ability to swallow tablets in relation to tablet sizes and volumes. The results show that there are older people that do experience difficulties when swallowing medicines and that they had a larger volume of tablets than others. For the fourth study we used the theoretical framework of the International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). The questionnaire contained questions regarding a number of different aspects of MM, functions of importance to MM and patient compliance. We found that functions were highly correlated to activities of MM. We also found that functions and activities of MM both separately correlated to patient compliance. When asked about strategies when experiencing difficulties with their medications, the elderly in our sample reported that they find ways to manage these difficulties with or without help or aids of any kind.
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| 6. |
- Beckman, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2008
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Ingår i: Vetenskapens sociala strukturer: Sju historiska fallstudier om konflikt, samverkan och makt. - 9789185509119 ; , s. 9-25
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Beckman, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Vetenskapshistoriens forskningspolitiska relevans
- 2008
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Ingår i: Vetenskapens sociala struktur: Sju historiska fallstudier om konflikt, samverkan och makt. - 9789185509119 ; , s. 263-276
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Bergqvist, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of chromatin organization in live cells by FRIC. Effects of the inner nuclear membrane protein Samp1
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 47:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most cells, transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin is preferentially localized in the nuclear periphery and transcriptionally active euchromatin is localized in the nuclear interior. Different cell types display characteristic chromatin distribution patterns, which change dramatically during cell differentiation, proliferation, senescence and different pathological conditions. Chromatin organization has been extensively studied on a cell population level, but there is a need to understand dynamic reorganization of chromatin at the single cell level, especially in live cells. We have developed a novel image analysis tool that we term Fluorescence Ratiometric Imaging of Chromatin (FRIC) to quantitatively monitor dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of euchromatin and total chromatin in live cells. A vector (pTandemH) assures stoichiometrically constant expression of the histone variants Histone 3.3 and Histone 2B, fused to EGFP and mCherry, respectively. Quantitative ratiometric (H3.3/H2B) imaging displayed a concentrated distribution of heterochromatin in the periphery of U2OS cell nuclei. As proof of concept, peripheral heterochromatin responded to experimental manipulation of histone acetylation. We also found that peripheral heterochromatin depended on the levels of the inner nuclear membrane protein Samp1, suggesting an important role in promoting peripheral heterochromatin. Taken together, FRIC is a powerful and robust new tool to study dynamic chromatin redistribution in live cells.
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| 9. |
- Braekeveldt, Noémie, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7980 .- 0304-3835. ; 375:2, s. 384-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of high-risk childhood neuroblastoma is a clinical challenge hampered by a lack of reliable neuroblastoma mouse models for preclinical drug testing. We have previously established invasive and metastasising patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) from high-risk neuroblastomas that retained the genotypes and phenotypes of patient tumours. Given the important role of the tumour microenvironment in tumour progression, metastasis, and treatment responses, here we analysed the tumour microenvironment of five neuroblastoma PDXs in detail. The PDXs resembled their parent tumours and retained important stromal hallmarks of aggressive lesions including rich blood and lymphatic vascularisation, pericyte coverage, high numbers of cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumour-associated macrophages, and extracellular matrix components. Patient-derived tumour endothelial cells occasionally formed blood vessels in PDXs; however, tumour stroma was, overall, of murine origin. Lymphoid cells and lymphatic endothelial cells were found in athymic nude mice but not in NSG mice; thus, the choice of mouse strain dictates tumour microenvironmental components. The murine tumour microenvironment of orthotopic neuroblastoma PDXs reflects important hallmarks of aggressive and metastatic clinical neuroblastomas. Neuroblastoma PDXs are clinically relevant models for preclinical drug testing.
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| 10. |
- Braekeveldt, Noémie, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroblastoma Patient-Derived Orthotopic Xenografts Retain Metastatic Patterns and Geno- and Phenotypes of Patient Tumours.
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 136:5, s. 252-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroblastoma is a childhood tumour with heterogeneous characteristics and children with metastatic disease often have a poor outcome. Here we describe the establishment of neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) by orthotopic implantation of viably cryopreserved or fresh tumour explants of patients with high risk neuroblastoma into immunodeficient mice. In vivo tumour growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose - positron emission tomography. Neuroblastoma PDXs retained the undifferentiated histology and proliferative capacity of their corresponding patient tumours. The PDXs expressed neuroblastoma markers NCAM, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and tyrosine hydroxylase. Whole genome genotyping array analyses demonstrated that PDXs retained patient-specific chromosomal aberrations such as MYCN amplification, deletion of 1p, and gain of chromosome 17q. Thus, neuroblastoma PDXs recapitulate the hallmarks of high-risk neuroblastoma in patients. PDX-derived cells were cultured in serum-free medium where they formed free-floating neurospheres, expressed neuroblastoma gene markers MYCN, CHGA, TH, SYP and NPY, and retained tumour-initiating and metastatic capacity in vivo. PDXs showed much higher degree of infiltrative growth and distant metastasis as compared to neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)c cell line-derived orthotopic tumours. Importantly, the PDXs presented with bone marrow involvement, a clinical feature of aggressive neuroblastoma. Thus, neuroblastoma PDXs serve as clinically relevant models for studying and targeting high-risk metastatic neuroblastoma. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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