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- Beijer, U, et al.
(författare)
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Changes over time in the risk of hospitalization for physical diseases among homeless men and women in Stockholm: A comparison of two cohorts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 44:8, s. 784-790
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To follow-up hospitalization for physical diseases among homeless men and women compared with a control group from the general population. The study also investigated the changes in the difference between the homeless men and women and the general population over time by comparing two cohorts of homeless people (2000–2002 and 1996). Methods: A total of 3887 people (24% women) who were homeless during the period 2000–2002 were compared with 11,661 people from the general population with respect to hospitalization for physical diseases and injuries (2000–2010). Indirect comparisons were used to compare the relative risk (RR) of hospitalization between the cohort of people who were homeless in 2000–2002 with a cohort of those who were homeless in 1996. Results: Homeless people have an RR of being hospitalized for physical diseases twice that of the general population. The largest differences were found in skin diseases, infections, injury/poisoning and diseases of the respiratory system. Indirect comparison between people who were homeless in 2000–2002 and 1996 showed an increasing difference between young (18–35 years) homeless men and men in the control group (RR 1.32). The difference had also increased between homeless men and men in the control group for hospitalization for heart disease (RR 1.35), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR 2.60) and poisoning (RR 1.89). Among women, the difference had decreased between homeless women and women in the control group for skin disease (RR 0.20) and injury/poisoning (RR 0.60). There was no significant difference between the sexes in the two homeless cohorts. Conclusions: There was no improvement in excess hospitalization among homeless people over time. The difference between young homeless men and young men in the general population increased between 1996 and 2000–2002.
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- Beijer, U, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality and causes of death among homeless women and men in Stockholm
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 39:2, s. 121-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study the mortality and causes of death among homeless men and women in relation to the risk indicators, previous treatment for alcohol and drug abuse, previous treatment for mental disorders and non-Swedish citizenship. Methods: The mortality was studied in a cohort comprising 1,757 men and 526 women compared with the general population and persons with inpatient treatment for alcohol- and drug-related disorders. The follow-up period was from 1995 to 1997 until the end of 2005. The causes of death were analyzed. Results: 421 deaths occurred during the follow-up period. The relative risk of death was 3.1, with no difference in mortality between homeless men and homeless women. Previous treatment for alcohol and drug abuse disorders was related to excess mortality and previous treatment for mental disease to lower mortality. Homeless people with inpatient treatment for alcohol or drug use disorders had no higher mortality than the general population in Stockholm with a similar history. There was a dominance of alcohol- and drug-related causes of death. Discussion: Compared with previous studies of homeless people in Stockholm the excess mortality among men found in this study is of the same magnitude. Mortality among women is lower. The mortality rate in homeless people with previous treatment for an alcohol and illicit drug use disorder did not differ from those treated for these disorders in the general population. Conclusions: The most important finding is that excess mortality among homeless men and women in Stockholm is entirely related to alcohol and drug abuse.
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- Beijer, U, et al.
(författare)
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Physical diseases among homeless people: gender differences and comparisons with the general population
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 37:1, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study morbidity amongst homeless men and women by comparing prevalence of hospital care for somatic diseases and injuries with a control group of men and women from the general population. Methods: A cohort of 1,364 men and 340 women were documented as homeless in 1996. Comparisons are made concerning hospital care for somatic diseases and injuries (1996-2002) among 3,750 men and 1,250 women from the general population. Results: The relative risk (RR) for homeless men and women of being hospitalised was double that of the men and women in the controls (1.93 and 1.96 respectively). Homeless women had a slightly, not significant, increased risk compared to homeless men (RR 1.10). Younger homeless women had a significant higher risk. Among diagnostic categories, the highest prevalence was found among homeless men in the diagnosis group injury/poisoning (22%). The highest risk was found for skin diseases (RR 36.96) and concerned homeless women. There were a number of gender specific diagnoses, where risks were considerably elevated, such as diseases of the genital organs, viral hepatitis, and poisoning for homeless women, and cerebrovascular diseases, diseases of the liver, and concussion for homeless men. Conclusions: Homeless people had twice the risk of being hospitalised for physical diseases compared to the general population. Younger women were particularly at risk compared to homeless men and to women in the controls. There were a number of gender specific diagnoses that are important to take into account when planning services for homeless people.
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- Gaboardi, M, et al.
(författare)
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Goals and Principles of Providers Working with People Experiencing Homelessness: A Comparison Between Housing First and Traditional Staircase Services in Eight European Countries
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 16:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The implementation and adaptation of the Housing First (HF) model represented profound changes the structure and delivery, goals, and principles of homeless services. These features of homeless services directly influence providers, their work performance and the clients’ outcomes. The present research, conducted in eight European countries, investigated how social providers working in HF or TS (Traditional Staircase) describe and conceptualize the goals and the principles of their services. Data were collected through 29 focus group discussions involving 121 providers. The results showed that HF and TS had similar and different goals for their clients in the following areas: support, social integration, satisfaction of needs, housing, and well-being. HF providers emphasized clients’ autonomy and ability to determine their personal goals, with housing being considered a start on the path of recovery, while TS were more focused on individual clients’ basic needs with respect to food, health and finding temporary accommodations. HF providers privileged the person-centered approach and housing as a right, while TS providers were more focused on helping everyone. Implications of the results are discussed as suggestions both for practice and for research.
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