| 1. |
- af Klinteberg, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Family psychosocial characteristics influencing criminal behaviour and mortality - possible mediating factors : a longitudinal study of male and female subjects in the Stockholm Birth Cohort
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 11, s. 756-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Family psychosocial characteristics in childhood have been associated with children's development into criminal behaviour and mortality. This study explored these possible relationships and examined alcohol and/or drug use and mental problems as possible mediating factors, highlighting gender-specific patterns. Methods: Data from Swedish subjects born in 1953 (n = 14,294) from the Stockholm Birth Cohort study were examined. Several indicators of adverse family factors and individual problems were included in the present study. The information was derived from various data sources, covering different periods. Gender-specific associations with incidence of criminality (1966-1980) and mortality (1981-2009) were analysed using logistic regression. Furthermore, the population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated for all variables in the fully adjusted models which were positively related to the outcome. Results: Overall incidence of criminality and mortality was (m/f 32.3/6.6) and (m/f 6.1/3.5), respectively. The results showed that all aspects of family psychosocial and individual problems studied were associated with criminality for both genders. Among males, individual problems seemed to partly mediate these relations, but the associations remained statistically significant. Interestingly, the PAF analysis revealed a reduction in criminality of 17.5% when individual problems with alcohol and/or drug use were considered. Among females, a significant impact of alcohol and/or drug use on the association between family psychosocial characteristics and subsequent criminality was obtained. Inclusion of father's occupational class only somewhat reduced the estimates for the genders. Concerning male mortality, father's alcohol abuse was significantly related to an increased risk. When individual criminality was accounted for, the association was substantially reduced but remained statistically significant. Among females, when adjusting for family psychosocial factors, only the association between parents' mental problems and females' mortality was significant. None of the individual problem variables managed to explain this association. Conclusions: Family psychosocial characteristics were associated with both subsequent criminal behaviour and mortality. These connections were partly explained by individual risk factors, especially by alcohol and/or drug use. The practical implications of the findings point to the importance of addressing the individual's alcohol and/or drug use in reducing criminal behaviour, which would also lower the mortality rates.
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| 2. |
- Beijer, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Are clear boundaries a prerequisite for well-functioning collaboration in home health care? : A mixed methods study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Nordic College of Caring Science. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 32:1, s. 128-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether professional collaboration in home health care is associated with clear boundaries between principals' areas of responsibility and the professions areas of responsibility, respectively.Methods: Data were derived from a web-based survey that was carried out in one county in the middle of Sweden during spring 2013. Participants were health professionals and managers from the county council and from all the municipalities in the county. Both structured and open-ended questions were utilised. A total of 421 individuals (90% women) answered the structured questions, and 91 individuals (22% of the 421) answered the open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analysed with descriptive statistics methods, tests of independence and of correlation strength. Qualitative data were analysed with content analysis.Results: The results from the structured questions showed that well-functioning collaboration was associated with clear boundaries between principals in the county overall, and for respondents in two of three parts of the county. Association between clear boundaries between professions and well-functioning collaboration was found in the county overall among the municipality population. However, in one part of the county, we did not find any correlations between well-functioning collaboration and clear boundaries between professions or principals, with the exception of home help services. The analysis of the open questions gave similar results as the quantitative analysis, illustrated within three themes: The significance of concepts, trust and interdependence, and collaboration as a means for well-being.Conclusion: The results indicate that, recently after an organisational change, clear boundaries between the principals' areas of responsibility and professions' area of responsibility respectively are necessary for effective cooperation between professionals. If the organisation and professionals have previous positive experience of colocated activities, clear boundaries do not share the same importance.
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| 3. |
- Beijer, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Facets of Male Violence Against Women With Substance Abuse Problems : Women With a Residence and Homeless Women
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Interpersonal Violence. - : SAGE Publications. - 0886-2605 .- 1552-6518. ; 33:9, s. 1391-1411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to investigate the type and extent to which women with substance abuse problems have been exposed to male violence during their lifetime, and to examine possible differences between women with a residence (WR) and homeless women (HW). The total sample included 79 women (WR, n = 35; HW, n = 44; M age = 47.8 years). Of the total sample, 72 women (91%) had experienced different kinds of male violence, 88% from former partners, and 26% from male friends or acquaintances. Of the 72 women, 71% further reported “Countless occasions of violent events,” and 36% had been forced to commit criminal acts. Abused women who had been forced to commit criminal acts were significantly more frequently found to be homeless, have reported parental alcohol and/or drug problems, have witnessed domestic violence in childhood, have been victims of sexual violence, have used illicit drugs as a dominant preparation, and have injected illicit drugs. Almost half of the abused women (46%) met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), where HW showed an almost 4-time higher risk (RR 3.78) than WR. In conclusion there is a particular vulnerability in women with substance abuse to male violence, which has an important impact on their health status. Thus, from a public health perspective, it is suggested that for those women who have experienced male violence, treatment protocols need to include both assessing and addressing the impact of such experience in relation to substance abuse as well as concomitant health concerns.
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| 4. |
- Beijer, Ulla
(författare)
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Homelessness and health : analysis of mortality and morbidity from a gender perspective
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, results from epidemiological cohort studies of morbidity and mortality among homeless men and women are presented. Comparisons were made with the general population concerning hospital care for somatic diseases, injury and mental disorders, and concerning mortality. The thesis contains also the results from a five-year follow-up study of 82 homeless men with mental problems. Results from Paper I shows that the mortality among the 82 homeless men was higher than expected (SMR 4.7). Surprisingly, among men with severe psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, none had died at the follow-up. Among the survivors, 75% were still homeless, and the mental health problems combined with substance use problems had increased. Paper II, shows that among 1 364 homeless men and 340 homeless women, the relative risk of being hospitalised for physical diseases was double that of men and women in the general population. When age was considered, younger homeless women had the highest risk compared to homeless men (RR 1.6). The highest prevalence was found in the diagnosis group injury/poisoning (22% men, and 20% women). The highest risk was found for skin diseases (RR 36.9) and concerned homeless women. Paper III shows that among 1 364 homeless men and 340 homeless women, the relative risk of having mental disorders, including alcohol and drugs, was 13-21 times higher that of the general population. The homeless women ran a higher risk compared with homeless men (RR 1.2), where younger homeless women had the highest risk (RR 2.2). Alcohol use disorders were equally common among homeless men and women, but women had more drug use disorders (RR 1.3). Women had a higher risk of schizophrenia (RR 2.8), and personality disorders (RR 2.7). When adjustment was made for substance use disorders, no increased risk for mental disorder was found in the homeless group. Paper IV reports a relative risk of 3.1 for death among 1 758 homeless men compared with men in the population, and a relative risk of 2.5 for 527 homeless women compared to women in the population. No difference in mortality was found between homeless men and women. The mortality among men was principally related to alcohol, and among women to drug abuse. For homeless men with long homelessness and mental problems including substance misuse, the life and housing situation had not improved at the 5-year follow-up, and substance misuse problems and mental problems had increased among them. There was no connection between mortality and mental illness. Among homeless men and women the risk of having diseases that requires hospitalisation was very high, compared with the general population. Younger homeless women were particularly at risk. There were a number of gender specific somatic and psychiatric diagnoses that are important to take into account when planning services for homeless people. The excess risk for mental illness found among the homeless was entirely related to alcohol and drug misuse, as was their excess mortality.
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| 5. |
- Beijer, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Male violence against women with substance abuse problems : some health aspects
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective was to investigate to which extent two groups of women with substance abuse problems were exposed to male violence; women with a residence (WR, n= 35) and homeless women (HW, n= 44). The sample thus included 79 women (mean age: 47.8 years), of which 91% had experienced different kinds of male violence: from former partners, male friends or acquaintances, and 71% reported “Countless occasions of violent events”. Almost half of the women (46%) met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and HW displayed the higher risk (RR 3.78) as compared to WR. Furthermore, one-third of the abused women (26 out of 72) had been forced to commit criminal acts. Compared to the abused women without this experience, they were more likely: to be homeless, to be illicit drug addicts, to have reported parental alcohol and/or drug problems, to have witnessed domestic violence in childhood, and to have been victims of sexual abuse. Finally, the two groups significantly differed concerning ever having received treatment for mental problems, in that more WR women had received such treatment (74 % as compared to 46 %). In conclusion, it is suggested that experiences of male violence are to be considered in all different forms of treatment facilities for women with substance abuse problems.
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| 6. |
- Birath, Christina Scheffel, et al.
(författare)
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Women with Substance Abuse Problems Exposed to Men's Violence - A Public Mental Health Challenge
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2155-6105. ; 4:2, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore self-rated physical and psychological health in two groups of women with substance misuse problems, subjected to male violence.Methods: An examination of the health situation for women with substance dependence being exposed to male violence during life. The study took place in a Swedish context exploring data from 35 women with housing (WwH) and 44 homeless women (HW), regarding posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, psychological and physical problems. Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to calculate differences between groups and correlations.Results: The proportion of women being exposed to male violence during life for the studied group was 91% (72 of 79 women; WwH 29; HW 43). It was found that the WwH had physical health problems but compared to the HW, significantly less frequent. Regarding psychological health problems, both groups were suffering from self-reported problems, most notably in variables measuring stress susceptibility and embitterment, where both WwH and HW had scores markedly above norm mean scores. The HW had overall a poorer mental health profile as compared to the WwH. The WwH still maintained a foundation in the society compared to the HW regarding housing (100/0%), and custody over their children (91/0%).Conclusion: The study indicated that women with substance dependence and those who are victims of male violence have major problems with both their psychological and physical health. Particularly vulnerable are the HW. Past experiences of violence that have not been processed can further aggravate the women’s health. Thus, we suggest initiating the process of asking women if they have experienced violence in order to then be able to provide appropriate treatment interventions. For the WwH, this process may lead to a prevention of serious consequences for both their housing situation and for their health.
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| 7. |
- Birath Scheffel, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Barn till våldsutsatta kvinnor med missbruksproblem
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med föreliggande rapport är att utifrån insamlade och bearbetade data från ursprungsprojektet 'Studie om mäns våld mot kvinnor med missbruksproblem' sammanställa resultat som speglar barns psykosociala familjesituation där modern har missbruksproblem och i många fall blivit utsatt för manligt våld av partner och/eller släkting, bekant, eller myndighetsperson. Sammanfattningsvis lyfter resultaten, avseende barnens egen ogynnsamma utveckling och den generationsöverskridande problematiken i föreliggande studie, frågan om betydelsen av tidiga interventioner riktade till barn i riskmiljöer. Detta förefaller vara av särskild vikt för att ge underbyggt stöd för aktivt handlande avseende Barns rätt i samhället enligt Barnkonventionen.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Winqvist, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Stöd till anhöriga. Erfarenheter från åtta kommuner 2010–2013. Slutrapport
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att dra lärdom av det utvecklingsarbete som genomförs gällande stöd till anhöriga har Nationellt kompetenscentrum anhöriga (Nka) i samverkan med åtta FoU-enheter kartlagt och följt utvecklingen av stödet till anhöriga i åtta kommuner: Borås, Härjedalen, Hässleholm, Malmö, Skara, Strängnäs, Uppsala och Västervik. Tidigare har resultatet av kartläggning 1, gällande år 2010 presenterats. I denna rapport som utgör projektets slutrapportering, analyseras utvecklingen av anhörigstödet under de därpå följande åren. Denna sammanfattning fokuserar på de förändringar som skett under de senaste åren.
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