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| 2. |
- Abro, Shahid, hussain, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and analysis of the full-length genome of a strain of the European QX-like genotype of infectious bronchitis virus
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 157, s. 1211-1215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, strains of infectious bronchitis virus belonging to the QX-like genotype have been causing huge economic losses in commercial chicken flocks in different countries in Europe. In order to expand the knowledge of the molecular features of these viruses, we have sequenced and characterized the complete genome of European QX-like IBV strain CK/SWE/0658946/10, which was isolated in 2010 in Sweden. The genome is 27664 nucleotides in length, comprising six genes and 5' and 3' untranslated regions. The ORF1a, spike and nucleocapsid genes were under strong positive selective pressure that resulted in genetic diversity in relation to classical IBV isolates. The full-length genome of the CK/SWE/0658946/10 strain has the highest nucleotide sequence identity (93.18%) to ITA/90254/2005 and the lowest nucleotide identity (89.10%) to strain CQ04-1. Phylogenetic analysis of partial S1 gene sequences of IBV strains showed that the European QX-like genotype comprises strains that have been predominantly circulating in this continent for the past decade.
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| 3. |
- Abro, Shahid, hussain, et al.
(författare)
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Emergence of novel strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 155, s. 237-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes avian infectious bronchitis, an important disease that produces severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Recent IBV infections in Sweden have been associated with poor growth in broilers, drop in egg production and thin egg shells in layers. The complete spike gene of selected isolates from IBV cases was amplified and sequenced using conventional RT-PCR. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons have shown that the recent isolates bear 98.97% genetic similarity with strains of the QX-like genotype. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains predominant in the nineties, which were of the Massachusetts type, have been replaced by D388/QX-Iike strains, however the evolutionary link could not be established. The homology between the two genotypes was 79 and 81%. Remarkably, a strong positive selection pressure was determined, mostly involving the S1 subunit of the S gene. This strong selective pressure resulted in recombination events, insertions and deletions in the S gene. Two new isolates generated from recombination were found with nucleotide sequence diverging 1.7-2.4% from the D388/QX-Iike branch, indicating the emergence of a new lineage. The study demonstrates a constant evolution of IBV that might be in relation to increased poultry farming, trade and vaccine pressure. The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring to control spread of infections, as well as to timely adjust diagnostic methods, molecular epidemiological studies, development and use of vaccines that are adapted to the changing disease scenario. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of the nucleic acid binding features of the PRRSV 7ap and its ability to induce antinuclear antibodies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica. - : Akademiai Kiado Zrt.. - 0236-6290 .- 1588-2705. ; 65, s. 124-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A short alternative open reading frame named ORF7a has recently been discovered within the nucleocapsid gene of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genome. Proteins (7ap) translated from the ORF7a of two divergent strains - a type I and a type II - are able to completely reduce the motility of nucleic acids at relatively high molar charge ratios in gel retardation assays indicating strong dsDNA-and ssRNA-binding capability. Conserved RNA-and DNA-binding properties suggest that nucleic acid binding is a functional property of the divergent 7aps, and not an arbitrary consequence of their net positive charge. Sera from Hu7ap-immunised pigs and mice did not react with Hu7ap or Hu7ap-GFP; however, antinuclear antibodies were detected in the sera of the immunised animals, suggesting an ability of Hu7ap to interact with or mimic autoantigenic macromolecules.
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| 5. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of two low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in Hungary in 2007
- 2010
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Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 145, s. 142-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two low pathogenic (LP) avian influenza virus strains, A/mallard/Hungary/19616/07 (H3N8) and A/mute swan/Hungary/5973/07 (H7N7), isolated as part of the National Surveillance Program in Hungary, were fully sequenced and characterized. The two viruses showed the closest phylogenetic relationship regarding their acidic polymerase genes. The H7N7 Hungarian virus and some H5N2 influenza viruses isolated from Korean pigs appeared to have their basic polymerase gene 1 from a relatively recent common ancestor. The matrix gene nucleotide sequence of each Hungarian virus showed close relationship with contemporaneous Czech H3N8 mallard isolates, which belonged to distinct phylogenetic branches. The non-structural protein genes belonged to different alleles, rendering a peculiar characteristic to the H7N7 isolate compared to the so far analyzed Eurasian H7 viruses. The surface glycoprotein genes of the H3N8 isolate showed a close phylogenetic relationship and high nucleotide identities to H3N8 subtype isolates from Northern Europe collected in 2003-2006, and to an H3N2 isolate in Italy in 2006, extending the perceptions of this HA subtype across Northern and Southern Europe close to this period. These findings provide further data to the diversity of influenza viruses found in wild migratory birds and present useful information for large scale studies on influenza virus evolution. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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IMMUNOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF 7ap, A SHORT PROTEIN TRANSLATED FROM AN ALTERNATIVE FRAME OF ORF7 OF PRRSV
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica. - : Akademiai Kiado Zrt.. - 0236-6290 .- 1588-2705. ; 64, s. 273-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sequence analysis revealed a short alternative open reading frame (ORF) named ORF7a within the nucleocapsid gene of genetically divergent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genomes. Alignment of the corresponding protein sequences (named 7ap) revealed substantial heterogeneity among 7aps of different genotypes, though all of them are predicted to be positively charged. Green fluorescent protein and FLAG fusion constructs of ORF7a of the HU-14432/2011 PRRSV demonstrated that 7ap is expressed. 7ap of HU-14432/2011 (Hu7ap) was synthesised chemically, and ELISA experiments revealed that Hu7ap binds strongly to mammalian IgGs. Protein-protein gel retardation assays and complement fixation inhibition suggest that 7aps bind to the CH2 domain of the IgG(Fc) fragment. Cellular localisation and immunological characteristics of PRRSV 7ap may indicate multiple functions including nuclear and cytoplasmic over-tuning of normal cellular processes and immunosuppression.
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| 8. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Characterization of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Strain DF-2 and Studies of the Role of ORF3abc in Viral Cell Tropism
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 86, s. 6258-6267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The full-length genome of the highly lethal feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strain DF-2 was sequenced and cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) to study the role of ORF3abc in the FIPV-feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) transition. The reverse genetic system allowed the replacement of the truncated ORF3abc of the original FIPV DF-2 genome with the intact ORF3abc of the canine coronavirus (CCoV) reference strain Elmo/02. The in vitro replication kinetics of these two viruses was studied in CrFK and FCWF-4 cell lines, as well as in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Both viruses showed similar replication kinetics in established cell lines. However, the strain with a full-length ORF3 showed markedly lower replication of more than 2 log(10) titers in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Our results suggest that the truncated ORF3abc plays an important role in the efficient macrophage/monocyte tropism of type II FIPV.
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| 9. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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Recombination Events Shape the Genomic Evolution of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Viruses. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4915. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infectious bronchitis of chicken is a high morbidity and mortality viral disease affecting the poultry industry worldwide; therefore, a better understanding of this pathogen is of utmost importance. The primary aim of this study was to obtain a deeper insight into the genomic diversity of field infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains using phylogenetic and recombination analysis. We sequenced the genome of 20 randomly selected strains from seven European countries. After sequencing, we created a genome sequence data set that contained 36 European origin field isolates and 33 vaccine strains. When analyzing these 69 IBV genome sequences, we identified 215 recombination events highlighting that some strains had multiple recombination breaking points. Recombination hot spots were identified mostly in the regions coding for non-structural proteins, and multiple recombination hot spots were identified in the nsp2, nsp3, nsp8, and nsp12 coding regions. Recombination occurred among different IBV genotypes and involved both field and vaccine IBV strains. Ninety percent of field strains and nearly half of vaccine strains showed evidence of recombination. Despite the low number and the scattered geographical and temporal origin of whole-genome sequence data collected from European Gammacoronaviruses, this study underlines the importance of recombination as a major evolutionary mechanism of IBVs.
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| 10. |
- Bálint, Adám, et al.
(författare)
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Swine influenza viruses isolated in 1983, 2002 and 2009 in Sweden exemplify different lineages
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 52, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swine influenza virus isolates originating from outbreaks in Sweden from 1983, 2002 and 2009 were subjected to nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The aim of the studies was to obtain an overview on their potential relatedness as well as to provide data for broader scale studies on swine influenza epidemiology. Nonetheless, analyzing archive isolates is justified by the efforts directed to the comprehension of the appearance of pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. Interestingly, this study illustrates the evolution of swine influenza viruses in Europe, because the earliest isolate belonged to 'classical' swine H1N1, the subsequent ones to Eurasian 'avian-like' swine H1N1 and reassortant 'avian-like' swine H1N2 lineages, respectively. The latter two showed close genetic relatedness regarding their PB2, HA, NP, and NS genes, suggesting common ancestry. The study substantiates the importance of molecular surveillance for swine influenza viruses.
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