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- Bellner, Anna-Lena, 1943-
(författare)
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Professionalization and rehabilitation : the case of Swedish occupational and physical therapists
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish occupational and physical therapists find themselves in a field of tension, on the one hand dominated by different health care and educational reforms, on the other hand by an ongoing professionalization process. The aim of this thesis is to study how the therapists perceive their working situation in changing surroundings. The empirical base is the SIROP study (Situation of the Rehabilitation Personnel Occupational and Physical Therapists), performed in different phases, using a qualitative interview study (n=6), and an intensive time-budget study (n=21). In the last phase ideas and hypotheses from the two former phases are tested on randomly selected occupational and physical therapists (n=702), and the empirical data is presented in a licentiate dissertation and in four articles. The use of a variety of research approaches should be regarded as an attempt to gain insight into empirically and theoretically complex questions, linking professionalization issues to psychosocial working issues. One idea behind the study is a desire to provide a broad description of the work situation for the responding occupational and physical therapists, as they themselves perceive and express it. Another idea is to get a closer picture of the work content and knowledge systems of these rehabilitation groups. The comparative approach employed is indebted to ecological ideas highlighting the relative positions of each vocational group within the rehabilitation field, and also the ideas of professionalization as related to interprofessional competition and struggles over jurisdiction. The findings show that a majority of the therapists experience high feelings of job satisfaction and professional self-concept. Most of the working condition variables turned out to be positively correlated to overall job satisfaction. Only 50% in each vocational group reported a fair possibility to develop and learn new things at work, and a minority admitted autonomy concerning identification of the patients' rehabilitation needs. The therapists' main problems seem to be related to a lack of understanding and appreciation by the physician and by society at large. As the reasoning on professionalization focuses on the notion of special knowledge, autonomy, and closure as important categories in understanding the role and status of different professions in modem society, a conclusion is that a failure to be recognized as the owner of specific knowledge with high abstracting power and with an empirical base of reflective practice, and to monopolize a clearly defined rehabilitation function might be serious barriers for the development of the therapists' self-confidence and professional identity.
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- Bellner, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual Reality in cognitive rehabilitation and understanding of stroke disease
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Informatics Europe 2008 - eHealth beyond the horizon – get IT there.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical and cognitive deficits are consequences of traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Without rehabilitation activity problems persist, i.e. limitations to handle personal care, the work situation, and recreational activities. A new approach in the rehabilitation area is the use of Virtual Reality (VR) technology and haptic devices. The aim of this study is to test an application of VR technology with 3D computer games as an occupational assessment/treatment method in rehabilitation. The training activities were virtual games that are used for training purposes. Every time an activity is run, data about the 3D hand movements of the patient is collected and analyzed, i.e. time and tremor in movements. The subject was a 48 years male patient, who in 2002 had a cranio-encephalitic trauma (CET), caused by an accident. Since 4 years he is working par time (50%). In the autumn 2007 he attended the rehabilitation program. Since then he has received two weekly sessions of 60 minutes by a special trained occupational therapist. The first weeks he was extremely tiered, tensed and unmotivated after 5-10 minutes. Cognitive deficits, motor and personality disorders were observed and assessed by using published and commonly used instruments within this knowledge field. The results revealed great problems in most observed and tested areas. After this initial period the patient accepted to take place in front of the VR-station. He was instructed to pick up the haptic stylus and start the tests. The whole procedure took 5 minutes and then he needed to relax the rest of the session. However, forthcoming sessions were breaking points, with an unexpected outcome. The patient increased his exercise potential from 5 to 40 minutes. Quantitative data revealed that the VR tasks gave a possibility to record time and to exact record the movement of the hand during the training. Qualitative data revealed that the patient’s increased motivation supported him to be active in everyday life. One outcome was an invitation from his employer to extend his working time within a computer department.After 6 months of VR-technological treatment sessions the patient improved significantly concerning cognitive and sensory-motor deficits. Thus, he is more competent to do what he wishes to do.
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- Broeren, Jurgen, et al.
(författare)
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Exploration of computer games in rehabilitation for brain damage
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated Technologies. ; , s. 75-80
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cognitive and physical deficits are consequences of stroke/traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Without rehabilitation activity problems persist i.e. limitations to handle personal care, the work situation, and recreational activities. The aim of this study is to test an application of Virtual Reality (VR) technology with 3D computer games as an occupational therapy assessment/treatment method in rehabilitation for patients with cognitive and physical deficits. We also wanted to investigate if playing computer games resulted in improved cognitive function. An easy-to-use semi-immersive workbench with haptic game selection menu was located at an activity centre. The training activities were 3D computer games. Every time an activity was run, data about the hand movements were collected and analyzed. Quantitative variables were time (s) to perform the test, average velocity (m/s) and, tremor or uncertainty in movements HPR). Executive functioning was examined by utilizing Trial Making Test. The intervention involved five patients. Results provide evidence to support the use of 3D computer games in cognitive rehabilitation. As an implementation tool within the occupational therapy area, this technology seems to be well adapted to the technological and economical development of society in Sweden.
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- Rolander, Bo, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Experience of musculo-skeletal disorders,intensity of pain, and general conditions in work : The case of employees in non-private dental clinics in a county in southern Sweden.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 17, s. 65-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: (1) To identify perceived musculo-skeletal disorders and intensity of pain among the employees in the nonprivate dental clinics; (2) To assess perceived psychosocial and physical work conditions on the localization and intensity of musculo-skeletal disorders and pain. Study design: A questionnaire, comprising four sections (demographic, self-reported psychosocial and physical work conditions, self-reported disorders from the musculo-skeletal system, self-reported intensity of pain on nine different localization on the body) was mailed to 391 employees. Of these, 338 reported musculo-skeletal disorders. In this latter group, 239 reported work as the cause. These employees completed the questionnaire. Results: The greatest amount of pain was reported for the cervico-brachial region. Among all participants, a response pattern was found where the physical work demands were very high, the psychosocial work demands fairly high, the work climate supportive, and the control over work moderate. At an occupational group level, theoretical inconsistencies were identified in terms of a lack of anticipated relationships, especially for the dentist groups. Conclusions: For a scientific and social purpose, more research, which identifies relationships between workrelated musculo-skeletal pain and dos-response [8], effortreward [16], and demand-control [12] aspects of the working conditions, is clearly needed.
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