| 1. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:8, s. 868-U202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have previously identified 13 loci associated with risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL). To identify additional CLL susceptibility loci, we conducted the largest meta-analysis for CLL thus far, including four GWAS with a total of 3,100 individuals with CLL (cases) and 7,667 controls. In the meta-analysis, we identified ten independent associated SNPs in nine new loci at 10q23.31 (ACTA2 or FAS (ACTA2/FAS), P = 1.22 x 10(-14)), 18q21.33 (BCL2, P = 7.76 x 10(-11)), 11p15.5 (C11orf21, P = 2.15 x 10(-10)), 4q25 (LEF1, P = 4.24 x 10(-10)), 2q33.1 (CASP10 or CASP8 (CASP10/CASP8), P = 2.50 x 10(-9)), 9p21.3 (CDKN2B-AS1, P = 1.27 x 10(-8)), 18q21.32 (PMAIP1, P = 2.51 x 10(-8)), 15q15.1 (BMF, P = 2.71 x 10(-10)) and 2p22.2 (QPCT, P = 1.68 x 10(-8)), as well as an independent signal at an established locus (2q13, ACOXL, P = 2.08 x 10(-18)). We also found evidence for two additional promising loci below genome-wide significance at 8q22.3 (ODF1, P = 5.40 x 10(-8)) and 5p15.33 (TERT, P = 1.92 x 10(-7)). Although further studies are required, the proximity of several of these loci to genes involved in apoptosis suggests a plausible underlying biological mechanism.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Sophia S., et al.
(författare)
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HLA Class I and II Diversity Contributes to the Etiologic Heterogeneity of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 78:14, s. 4086-4096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing number of loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been implicated in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) etiology. Here, we test a complementary hypothesis of "heterozygote advantage" regarding the role of HLA and NHL, whereby HLA diversity is beneficial and homozygous HLA loci are associated with increased disease risk. HLA alleles at class I and II loci were imputed from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using SNP2HLA for 3,617 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), 2,686 follicular lymphomas (FL), 2,878 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas (CLL/SLL), 741 marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), and 8,753 controls of European descent. Both DLBCL and MZL risk were elevated with homozygosity at class I HLA-B and -C loci (OR DLBCL = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.06-1.60; OR MZL = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.12-1.89) and class II HLA-DRB1 locus (OR DLBCL = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.24-3.55; OR MZL = 2.10, 95% CI = 0.99-4.45). Increased FL risk was observed with the overall increase in number of homozygous HLA class II loci (P trend < 0.0001, FDR = 0.0005). These results support a role for HLA zygosity in NHL etiology and suggests that distinct immune pathways may underly the etiology of the different NHL subtypes. Significance: HLA gene diversity reduces risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Benavente, Martha, 1963-
(författare)
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Adsorption of Metallic Ions onto Chitosan : Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Equilibrium isotherms and the adsorption kinetics of heavy metals onto chitosan were studied experimentally. Chitosan, a biopolymer produced from crustacean shells, has applications in various areas, particularly in drinking water and wastewater treatment due to its ability to remove metallic ions from solutions. The adsorption capacity of chitosan depends on a number of parameters: deacetylation degree, molecular weight, particle size and crystallinity. The purpose of this work was to study the adsorption of copper, zinc, mercury, and arsenic on chitosan produced from shrimp shells at a laboratory level. The experimental work involved the determination of the adsorption isotherms for each metallic ion in a batch system. The resulting isotherms were fitted using the Langmuir model and the parameters of the equation were determined. Kinetic studies of adsorption for different metallic ions at different concentrations and with different particle sizes were performed in batch and column systems. Simplified models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion equations were used to determine the rate-controlling step. Some preliminary studies were carried out to address the application of chitosan as an adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals or other metallic ions from natural water and wastewater. The regeneration of chitosan was also studied. The results showed that the adsorption capacity depends strongly on pH and on the species of metallic ions in the solution. The optimum pH value for the metallic cation adsorption was between 4 and 6, whereas for arsenic adsorption it was about 3. When the pH is not controlled, the adsorption capacity is independent of the initial pH with the solution reaching a final pH of about 7. It was also found that the Langmuir equation described very well the experimental adsorption data for each metallic ion. The adsorption capacity for the metals on chitosan follows the sequence Hg>Cu>Zn>As. The study of the adsorption kinetics of these metallic ions shows that the particle size has a significant influence on the metal uptake rate for copper; but that it has only a slight influence on the adsorption rate of zinc and mercury in the range studied. Arsenic adsorption exhibited an interesting behaviour which depends strongly on the pH of the solution; the uptake increased at short adsorption times and then decreased at long times. The analysis of kinetic models showed that the pseudo-second-order adsorption mechanism is predominant, and the overall rate of the metallic ion adsorption process is therefore controlled by adsorption reactions and not by mass transfer for the range of particle sizes examined in this study. With regard to the regeneration of chitosan, it was found that sodium hydroxide is a good agent for zinc and arsenic desorption, whereas ammonium sulphate and sodium chloride were the most suitable for copper and mercury desorption, respectively. The ability of chitosan to remove arsenic from natural water, and copper and zinc from mining waste water was verified. The use of these results for designing purposes is a subject for future work.
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| 5. |
- Benavente, Martha, et al.
(författare)
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Biosorption of Heavy Metals on Chitosan
- 2007
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Ingår i: Hydro Copper 2007. - Santiago, Chile : GECAMIN Ltda.. - 9789568504076 ; , s. 283-290
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Benavente, Martha, et al.
(författare)
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Biosorption of Lead using Chitosan
- 2009
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Ingår i: Advances in Chitin Science, Volumen XI: EUCHIS 2009. - Venice, Italy. ; , s. 487-492
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Benavente, Martha, et al.
(författare)
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Especiación Acuosa de Cianuro y Componentes Derivados en Lavados de Colas de Minerales de Oro
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nexo. - Managua, Nicaragua : National University of Engineering (UNI). - 1818-6742. ; 19:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- En este trabajo se simuló la especiación del cianuro y componentes relacionados en soluciones de lavado de colas cianuradas de minerales de oro de la Mina El Limón, utilizando el programa geoquímico PHREEQC. Se consideró un modelo de especiación iónica formado por un conjunto de reacciones químicas y de especies principales en fase acuosa (hierro, cobre, cinc, calcio y aluminio, cloruro y cianuro), en distintas condiciones de pH, Eh y concentraciones de cianuro. Las simulaciones muestran que las concentraciones de las especies iónicas y complejas dependen principalmente del pH de la solución y de la concentración de cianuro disponible en el sistema, reproduciéndose en forma satisfactoria los valores de pH y solubilidad de metales medidos en el sistema. El cianuro forma complejos de alta estabilidad química con los metales disueltos, observándose que las especies de Fe-CN son altamente estables incluso a pH ácido donde prácticamente no existe el ión cianuro libre (CN-) producto de la formación del componente gaseoso HCN.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Benavente, Martha, et al.
(författare)
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Remoción de Mercurio de Efluentes Mineros por Biosorción
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nexo. - Managua, Nicaragua : National University of Engineering (UNI). - 1818-6742. ; 20:2, s. 47-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- La minería y la extracción de oro en operaciones a pequeña escala han contribuido a la contaminación de los recursos acuáticos de Nicaragua durante décadas. En este trabajo se investigó un proceso de biosorción a bajo costo para la remoción de iones mercurio (II) de soluciones estándar y de aguas naturales usando quitosano como adsorbente. La regeneración del adsorbente también fue estudiada. Los resultados mostraron que la adsorción de iones mercurio fue independiente del pH en el rango de pH 4-10 y que la capacidad se reduce considerablemente a pH 2. Los estudios de la cinética mostraron una fase inicial rápida de adsorción seguida por una fase más lenta. Por otro lado, se comprobó que los datos experimentales se ajustan al modelo de Langmuir, y se determinó, mediante el uso de este modelo, una capacidad de adsorción de 106 mg Hg/g quitosano. Una solución acuosa de NaCl demostró ser una opción barata y eficiente para la regeneración del adsorbente; además, el adsorbente mostró una capacidad de adsorción alta después de la regeneración. Se encontró que la concentración de mercurio en 4 de las 8 muestras recolectadas cerca de la ciudad de la Libertad, excedían ligeramente los niveles permisibles (1.09-2.25 μg Hg L-1) para agua de consumo humano según las normas CAPRE. Además, se determinó que la capacidad de adsorción de mercurio es menor en aguas naturales que en las soluciones estándares.
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| 10. |
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