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| 2. |
- Auffray, Charles, et al.
(författare)
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Making sense of big data in health research: Towards an EU action plan
- 2016
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Ingår i: Genome Medicine. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1756-994X. ; 8:71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medicine and healthcare are undergoing profound changes. Whole-genome sequencing and high-resolution imaging technologies are key drivers of this rapid and crucial transformation. Technological innovation combined with automation and miniaturization has triggered an explosion in data production that will soon reach exabyte proportions. How are we going to deal with this exponential increase in data production? The potential of "big data" for improving health is enormous but, at the same time, we face a wide range of challenges to overcome urgently. Europe is very proud of its cultural diversity; however, exploitation of the data made available through advances in genomic medicine, imaging, and a wide range of mobile health applications or connected devices is hampered by numerous historical, technical, legal, and political barriers. European health systems and databases are diverse and fragmented. There is a lack of harmonization of data formats, processing, analysis, and data transfer, which leads to incompatibilities and lost opportunities. Legal frameworks for data sharing are evolving. Clinicians, researchers, and citizens need improved methods, tools, and training to generate, analyze, and query data effectively. Addressing these barriers will contribute to creating the European Single Market for health, which will improve health arid healthcare for all Europearis.
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| 3. |
- Bencze, Janos, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Semi-Quantitative Scoring and Artificial Intelligence Aided Digital Image Analysis of Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biomolecules. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-273X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semi-quantitative scoring is a method that is widely used to estimate the quantity of proteins on chromogen-labelled immunohistochemical (IHC) tissue sections. However, it suffers from several disadvantages, including its lack of objectivity and the fact that it is a time-consuming process. Our aim was to test a recently established artificial intelligence (AI)-aided digital image analysis platform, Pathronus, and to compare it to conventional scoring by five observers on chromogenic IHC-stained slides belonging to three experimental groups. Because Pathronus operates on grayscale 0-255 values, we transformed the data to a seven-point scale for use by pathologists and scientists. The accuracy of these methods was evaluated by comparing statistical significance among groups with quantitative fluorescent IHC reference data on subsequent tissue sections. The pairwise inter-rater reliability of the scoring and converted Pathronus data varied from poor to moderate with Cohen's kappa, and overall agreement was poor within every experimental group using Fleiss' kappa. Only the original and converted that were obtained from Pathronus original were able to reproduce the statistical significance among the groups that were determined by the reference method. In this study, we present an AI-aided software that can identify cells of interest, differentiate among organelles, protein specific chromogenic labelling, and nuclear counterstaining after an initial training period, providing a feasible and more accurate alternative to semi-quantitative scoring.
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| 4. |
- Damian Risberg, Emiliana, et al.
(författare)
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Ambidentate dimethyl sulfoxide coordination in protonated dimethyl sulfoxide, (CH3)2SO-H+, and in dichlorobis(dimethyl sulfoxide) palladium(II) and platinum(II) solid solvates, by vibrational and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The protonated dimethyl sulfoxide cation (CH3)2SO-H+ formed in concentrated hydrochloric acid displays a new low energy feature in its sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum. Density Functional Theory – Transition Potential (DFT-TP) calculations reveal that the energy of the transition S(1s) LUMO, which has antibonding *(S-O) character, has decreased about 0.8 eV. Normal coordinate force field analyses of the vibrational spectra show that the SO stretching force constant of the oxygen-coordinated (CH3)2SO-H+ species has decreased to 3.73 N cm-1 from 4.72 N cm-1 in neat liquid dimethyl sulfoxide. The effects of sulfur coordination on the ambidentate dimethyl sulfoxide molecule were investigated for the trans-Pd((CH3)2SO)2Cl2 and cis-Pt((CH3)2SO)2Cl2 complexes with square planar coordination of the chlorine and sulfur atoms. The XANES spectra again showed shifts toward low energy of the transition S(1s) LUMO, now with antibonding *(M-Cl, M-S) character, with a larger shift for M = Pt than Pd. DFT-TP calculations indicated that the differences between the XANES spectra of the geometrical isomers of the M((CH3)2SO)2Cl2 complexes are expected to be too small to allow experimental distinction. The vibrational spectra of the palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes were recorded and complete assignments of the fundamentals were achieved. Even though the M-S bond distances are quite similar the high covalency especially of the Pt-S bonds induces significant increases in the S-O stretching force constants, 6.79 and 7.18 N cm-1, respectively.
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| 5. |
- Gáspár, Lászlo, et al.
(författare)
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Recycling reclaimed road material in hydraulically bound layers
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. - : ICE Publishing. - 0965-092X .- 1751-7710. ; :3, s. 276-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Direct-mat project provided a significant contribution to increasing recycling reclaimed road wastes. Part of the project was dedicated to the recycling of various reclaimed road materials in new hydraulically bound layers. This paper summarises the results of the project and the activities of the eight contributing European countries. Several examples from countries outside the project are also provided to give a comprehensive overview. The paper highlights the main trends of relevant practice worldwide (particularly in Europe) and draws conclusions for practitioners.
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| 6. |
- Hortobágyi, Tibor, et al.
(författare)
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Pathophysiology of meningioma growth in pregnancy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Open Medicine (Poland). - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2391-5463. ; 12:1, s. 195-200
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Meningioma is among the most frequent brain tumours predominantly affecting elderly women. Epidemiological studies have shown that at the age of fertility the incidence is relatively low. The biological behaviour of meningioma in pregnancy is different from other meningiomas. The possible explanation is rooted in the complex physiological changes and hormonal differences during pregnancy. The increased meningioma growth observed in pregnancy is presumably the result of endocrine mechanisms. These include increase in progesterone, human placental lactogen (hPL) and prolactin (PRL) serum levels. In contrast, levels of pituitary hormones such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the placenta are decreasing in the mother prior to childbirth. Besides, vascular factors also play a crucial role. Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE), with well-known causative association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), can often be seen both with imaging and in the surgical specimens. Our aim is to assess published research on this topic including diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, and to provide a clinically useful overview on the pathophysiology and biological behaviour of this rare complication of pregnancy.
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| 7. |
- Risberg, Emiliana Damian, et al.
(författare)
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Ambidentate coordination in hydrogen bonded dimethyl sulfoxide, (CH3)2SO H3O+, and in dichlorobis(dimethyl sulfoxide) palladium(II) and platinum(II) solid solvates, by vibrational and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; , s. 1328-1339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The strongly hydrogen bonded species (CH3)2SOH3O+ formed in concentrated hydrochloric acid displays a new low energy feature in its sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum. Density Functional Theory-Transition Potential (DFT-TP) calculations reveal that the strong hydrogen bonding decreases the energy of the transition S(1s) → LUMO, which has antibonding σ*(S–O) character, with about 0.8 eV. Normal coordinate force field analyses of the vibrational spectra show that the SO stretching force constant decreases from 4.72 N cm−1 in neat liquid dimethyl sulfoxide to 3.73 N cm−1 for the hydrogen bonded (CH3)2SOH3O+ species. The effects of sulfur coordination on the ambidentate dimethyl sulfoxide molecule were investigated for the trans-Pd((CH3)2SO)2Cl2, trans-Pd((CD3)2SO)2Cl2 and cis-Pt((CH3)2SO)2Cl2 complexes with square planar coordination of the chlorine and sulfur atoms. The XANES spectra again showed shifts toward low energy for the transition S(1 s) → LUMO, now with antibonding σ*(M–Cl, M–S) character, with a larger shift for M = Pt than Pd. DFT-TP calculations indicated that the differences between the XANES spectra of the geometrical cis and trans isomers of the M((CH3)2SO)2Cl2 complexes are expected to be too small to allow experimental distinction. The vibrational spectra of the palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes were recorded and complete assignments of the fundamentals were achieved. Even though the M–S bond distances are quite similar the high covalency especially of the Pt–S bonds induces significant increases in the S–O stretching force constants, 6.79 and 7.18 N cm−1, respectively.
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