| 1. |
- Aboagye, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Manual therapy versus advice to stay active for nonspecific back and/or neck pain : A cost-effectiveness analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chiropractic and Manual Therapies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-709X. ; 30:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Low back and neck pain are the most common musculoskeletal disorders worldwide, and imply suffering and substantial societal costs, hence effective interventions are crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of manual therapy compared with advice to stay active for working age persons with nonspecific back and/or neck pain.METHODS: The two interventions were: a maximum of 6 manual therapy sessions within 6 weeks, including spinal manipulation/mobilization, massage and stretching, performed by a naprapath (index group), respectively information from a physician on the importance to stay active and on how to cope with pain, according to evidence-based advice, at 2 occasions within 3 weeks (control group). A cost-effectiveness analysis with a societal perspective was performed alongside a randomized controlled trial including 409 persons followed for one year, in 2005. The outcomes were health-related Quality of Life (QoL) encoded from the SF-36 and pain intensity. Direct and indirect costs were calculated based on intervention and medication costs and sickness absence data. An incremental cost per health related QoL was calculated, and sensitivity analyses were performed.RESULTS: The difference in QoL gains was 0.007 (95% CI - 0.010 to 0.023) and the mean improvement in pain intensity was 0.6 (95% CI 0.068-1.065) in favor of manual therapy after one year. Concerning the QoL outcome, the differences in mean cost per person was estimated at - 437 EUR (95% CI - 1302 to 371) and for the pain outcome the difference was - 635 EUR (95% CI - 1587 to 246) in favor of manual therapy. The results indicate that manual therapy achieves better outcomes at lower costs compared with advice to stay active. The sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that manual therapy for nonspecific back and/or neck pain is slightly less costly and more beneficial than advice to stay active for this sample of working age persons. Since manual therapy treatment is at least as cost-effective as evidence-based advice from a physician, it may be recommended for neck and low back pain. Further health economic studies that may confirm those findings are warranted. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN56954776. Retrospectively registered 12 September 2006, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN56954776 .
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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B-norsteroids from Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecules. - : MDPI AG. - 1420-3049. ; 17, s. 7769-7781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two viridin-related B-norsteroids, B-norviridiol lactone (1) and B-norviridin enol (2), both possessing distinct unprecedented carbon skeletons, were isolated from a liquid culture of the ash dieback-causing fungus Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus. Compound 2 was found to degrade to a third B-norsteroidal compound, 1β-hydroxy-2α-hydro-asterogynin A (3), which was later detected in the original culture. The proposed structure of 1 is, regarding connectivity, identical to the original erroneous structure for TAEMC161, which was later reassigned as viridiol. Compound 2 showed an unprecedented 1H-13C HMBC correlation through an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The five-membered B-ring of compounds 1–3 was proposed to be formed by a benzilic acid rearrangement. The known compound asterogynin A was found to be formed from 3 by a β-elimination of water. All compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, LC-HRMS and polarimetry.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Viridin-like steroids from Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus
- 2013
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Ingår i: Phytochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-9422 .- 1873-3700. ; 86, s. 195-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three furanosteroids were isolated from the ash dieback causing fungus Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus along with the known compounds viridiol and demethoxyviridiol. The compounds were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, LC-HRMS and polarimetry. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bakardjieva, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Media and the Dynamics of Civil Society : Retooling Citizenship in New EU Democracies
- 2021
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, it is already a truism to state that digital media are effective tools used by citizens, civil society organizations (CSOs) and social movementsto protest, to demand, to push and (sometimes) achieve social and political change. No question, they are. This has been observed and registered time and again in a luminous series of academic contributions (some notable examples include Castells 2012; Cottle 2011; De Luca. Lawson and Sun 2012; Howard and Muzammil 2011; Tremayne 2014; Tufekci 2017). Exactly how these media have been taken up by civic actors in specific contexts has been studied and discussed in fascinating detail (Cammaerts, 2018; Gerbaudo 2012; Treré 2019). This book goes one step further to ask a broader question: Has the use of digital media by civic actors improved (or depleted) the quality of democratic life understood as broad and effective citizen participation in public affairs and decision-making?
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Low production of reactive oxygen species in granulocytes is associated with organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2014
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 16:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are main effector cells in the acute immune response. While the specific role of PMN in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoimmunity is still unclear, their importance in chronic inflammation is gaining more attention. Here we investigate aspects of function, bone marrow release and activation of PMN in patients with SLE. Methods: The following PMN functions and subsets were evaluated using flow cytometry; (a) production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after ex vivo stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or Escherichia coli (E. coli); (b) capacity to phagocytose antibody-coated necrotic cell material; (c) PMN recently released from bone marrow, defined as percentage of CD10(-)D16(low) in peripheral blood, and (d) PMN activation markers; CD11b, CD62L and C5aR. Results: SLE patients (n = 92) showed lower ROS production compared with healthy controls (n = 38) after activation ex vivo. The ROS production was not associated with corticosteroid dose or other immunotherapies. PMA induced ROS production was significantly reduced in patients with severe disease. In contrast, neither ROS levels after E. coli activation, nor the capacity to phagocytose were associated with disease severity. This suggests that decreased ROS production after PMA activation is a sign of changed PMN behaviour rather than generally impaired functions. The CD10(-)CD16(low) phenotype constitute 2% of PMN in peripheral blood of SLE patients compared with 6.4% in controls, indicating a decreased release of PMN from the bone marrow in SLE. A decreased expression of C5aR on PMN was observed in SLE patients, pointing towards in vivo activation. Conclusions: Our results indicate that PMN from SLE patients have altered function, are partly activated and are released abnormally from bone marrow. The association between low ROS formation in PMN and disease severity is consistent with findings in other autoimmune diseases and might be considered as a risk factor.
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Anna-Stina
(författare)
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"Matematik är ingenting för mig!" : hur undervisar man flickor på gymnasiets omvårdnadsprogram i matematik?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Tsunami. - 1651-5803. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Jag har genom åren mött många flickor som av olika anledningar bestämt sig för att matematik inte är något för dem. Syftet med detta arbete är dels att genom litteraturstudier ta reda på om det är just flickor som tycker att matematik är svårt, tråkigt och meningslöst och i så fall ta reda på de bakomliggande orsakerna, dels att genom en egen undersökning ta reda på ”mina” flickors syn på sin situation, sina kunskaper och på den matematikundervisning de har fått. I olika skrifter som jag har tagit del av konstateras att - många flickor slutar läsa matematik när det inte är obligatoriskt. - flickor och pojkar behandlas olika i skolan, har olika förväntningar på sig och sina möjligheter, får olika mycket tid och har olika stort självförtroende. - flickor inte ser nyttan med att lära sig matematik. - flickor verkligen vill förstå vad de gör och lyckas därför bättre med ett mera processorienterat arbetssätt och med cooperative learning. I min undersökning framkommer att påfallande många tycker att de har tillräckliga kunskaper i matematik. De flesta tyckte att matematik var roligt i småskolan men att problem uppstod när matematiken blev abstraktare och de inte längre kunde se någon direkt nytta med de nya kunskaperna. Flickorna är nöjda med den undervisning de har fått men menar att de inte kommer att lyckas med fortsatta matematikstudier eftersom de inte har fått något ”mattesinne”. I min undersökning återkommer flera gånger påståendet att matematik är roligt när man kan. En bra matematikundervisning måste alltså möta varje elev på den nivå den befinner sig. Dessutom framkommer det tydligt att det är viktigt med ett varierat arbetssätt och att matematiken presenteras i sammanhang som kan kännas angelägna för alla elever utifrån deras erfarenheter och intressen.
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| 9. |
- Bengtsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Age and sex determination of mallards Anas platyrhynchos in autumn
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ornis Svecica. - 1102-6812 .- 2003-2633. ; 26, s. 61-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mallard is a well-known and important species in migration ecology, game management,and epidemiology. Males and females are generally easily told apart, whereas ageing isproblematic, due to individual timing of the moult cycle and lack of easily defined agecriteria. From examination and photographic documentation of mallards caught within a longtermringing program at Ottenby Bird Observatory (56°12′N, 16°24′E), we describe ninecharacters of plumage and bare parts to be used for ageing mallards in autumn. The reliabilityof these characters was tested by letting experienced bird ringers determine putative age ofbirds from photos. Age determination from any single character proved to be uncertain, as therate of correctly assigned mallard photos of each character was in the range of 51-85% formales and 48-89% for females. For both sexes, the lowest figure represented post-humeralsand the highest represented tertials. Rectrices, tertial coverts, and greater coverts also hadreasonably high scores (71-85%). With all characters at hand, 91% of the males and 95% ofthe females were correctly identified to age. As young mallards, with the progress of prebreedingmoult (completed from October onwards), acquire tail and tertials identical to adults,untypical individuals are better not assigned to an age category.
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