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| 2. |
- Amritzer, Maria A, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing staff ratio and skill mix in Swedish emergency departments : A national cross-sectional benchmark study.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 29:8, s. 2594-2602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe ratio and skill mix for nursing staff in Swedish emergency departments over a specific 24-hour period.BACKGROUND: The link between number of patients per nursing staff and missed nursing care is well described within the in-hospital setting, showing association with negative outcomes such as increased mortality. Potential association within the emergency department setting is still unexplored.METHOD: A national descriptive cross-sectional benchmark study.RESULTS: The majority (n=54; 89%) of Swedish emergency departments participated. The patients-per-registered nurse ratio varied between the shifts, from 0.3 patients to 8.8 patients (mean 3.2). The variation of patients per licensed practical nurse varied, from 1.5 to 23.5 patients (mean 5.0). The average skill mix was constant at around 60% registered nurses and 40% licensed practical nurses.CONCLUSION: The varying ratios for patient per registered nurse and licensed practical nurse in Swedish emergency departments is noteworthy. Furthermore, the patient flow and nursing staff numbers did not match one another, resulting in higher nursing staff ratios during the evening shift.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Findings can be used to improve rosters in relation to crowding, to manage the challenging recruitment and retention situation for nursing staff and to improve patient safety.
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| 3. |
- André, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Quality of Knowledge for Adaptation : Experiences From Co-designing Climate Services in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Climate. - Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation. - 2624-9553. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptation to climate change is becoming more urgent, but the wealth of knowledge that informs adaptation planning and decision-making is not used to its full potential. Top-down approaches to knowledge production are identified as one important reason for the gap between science and practice and are criticized for not meeting the needs of intended users. In response to this challenge, there is a growing interest in the creation of user-oriented and actionable climate services to support adaptation. At the same time, recent research suggests that greater efforts are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of knowledge co-production processes and the best criteria by which to gauge the quality of knowledge outcomes, while also considering different stakeholder perspectives. This paper explores these issues through a critical assessment of the quality of knowledge for adaptation generated from a climate services co-design process in two case studies in Sweden. The study draws on experiences from a 5-year research collaboration in which natural and social science researchers, together with local stakeholders, co-designed climate services to support climate adaptation planning and decision-making. The well-established knowledge quality criteria of credibility, legitimacy, saliency, usability, and usefulness remain relevant, but are not sufficient to capture factors relating to whether and how the knowledge actually is applied by climate change adaptation planners and decision-makers. We observe that case-specific circumstances beyond the scope of the co-design process, including the decision-making context as well as non-tangible outcomes, also play crucial roles that should be accounted for in the knowledge assessment processes.
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| 4. |
- André, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of public knowledge and awareness related to antibiotic use and resistance in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7453 .- 1460-2091. ; 65:6, s. 1292-1296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine the level of knowledge about antibiotic treatment and awareness of antibiotic resistance among the general public in Sweden. A quantitative, cross-sectional interview study based on a structured questionnaire used during telephone interviews. The sample comprised 1000 randomly selected individuals aged 21-80 years throughout Sweden. Demographic data as well as level of agreement with various statements concerning antibiotics and antibiotic use were provided by the respondents. The response rate was 74.7%. Of the respondents, 19.1% agreed that antibiotics cure common colds more quickly; this belief was higher in those who had not previously received antibiotics. A high proportion, 80.7%, agreed that bacteria could become resistant to antibiotics. Trust in doctors was high, and significantly more respondents reported trusting the doctor not prescribing an antibiotic, 87.0%, than the doctor prescribing an antibiotic, 81.0%. The respondents showed some confusion surrounding the terms 'bacteria' and 'viruses', and the meaning of these in relation to the prescribing decision. The high level of trust in restrictive prescribing as well as the awareness of antibiotic resistance expressed by the Swedish public should be recognized by health professionals and utilized in future campaigns.
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| 7. |
- Aretun, Åsa, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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GoMate – Diversifierad elfordonspool för den förtätade staden : slutrapport
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I GoMate-projektet har diversifierad elfordonspool vid boendet testats: pool bestående av elcyklar, elassisterade lådcyklar och elbilar, i två innerstadsområden i Jönköping. Det övergripande syftet med projektet har varit att undersöka om och i vilken utsträckning som en diversifierad elfordonspool kan bidra till minskad bilanvändning till förmån för användning av mer hållbara mobilitetslösningar.Resultaten visar att en diversifierad elfordonspool har potential att minska bilanvändningen. Det är framförallt elcykel som ersätter bilresor till vardags, vilket på sikt kan minska bilinnehav till förmån för nyttjande av biltjänster vid enstaka tillfällen (sällanresor).Om potentialen ska kunna realiseras krävs dock pris- och affärsmodeller för pooltjänsterna som stimulerar till minskad bilanvändning, betraktat som en process som kan förväntas ske successivt över tid. En sådan process behöver vidare understödjas av policy, styrmedel och åtgärder som begränsar och försvårar bilresande i innerstaden.Om potentialen ska realiseras behöver också poolverksamheten skalas upp betydligt avseende antal fordon per lägenhet. Trots att det var en relativt stor poolverksamhet med totalt 17 (varav 15 cyklar) fordon för 160 hushåll, som testades i projektet, så hade den endast kapacitet att försörja en mycket liten andel av de boendes totala resande, och med mycket små effekter avseenden bidrag till energioch klimatmål.
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| 8. |
- Arking, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:8, s. 826-836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal mendelian long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals, we identified 35 common variant loci associated with QT interval that collectively explain ∼ 8-10% of QT-interval variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 new QT interval-associated loci in 298 unrelated probands with LQTS identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies new candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS and SCD. © 2014 Nature America, Inc.
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| 9. |
- Berg, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Transfer of fixed-N from N-2-fixing cyanobacteria associated with the moss Sphagnum riparium results in enhanced growth of the moss
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plant and Soil. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0032-079X .- 1573-5036. ; 362:1-2, s. 271-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the general assumption that nitrogen fixed by associated cyanobacteria will be readily utilised for growth by the Sphagnum, no empirical evidence is available in the literature. Therefore the effects of nitrogen transfer from cyanobacteria associated with S. riparium were investigated. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCultivation of S. riparium with and without cyanobacteria was performed under laboratory conditions for 57 days. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanWe show that nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria associated with Sphagnum mosses, influences moss growth by transfer of fixed nitrogen to the moss. More than 35 % of the nitrogen fixed by cyanobacteria was transferred to the newly formed moss biomass and resulted in an increase in the growth of Sphagnum biomass compared to the controls. The variation in the increase of nitrogen content explained 76 % of the biomass increment. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanHence, nitrogen fixation will have immediate effect on the carbon fixation by Sphagnum. This shows that factors regulating nitrogen fixation will have a direct effect on the role of Sphagnum dominated ecosystems with respect to carbon cycling.
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| 10. |
- Berg, Jessica, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Kombinerade mobilitetstjänster på landsbygd och i mindre tätorter : resultat från förstudien KomILand
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att erbjuda olika typer av mobilitetstjänster för boende på landsbygd och i mindre tätorter kan ge ökad tillgänglighet och minskat behov av att resa med egen bil. Syftet med förstudien KomILand är att bereda uppstart för framtida demoprojekt för kombinerad mobilitet i landsbygder och i mindre tätorter med avseende på plats, användare, tjänster och finansiering. Flera aktiviteter har genomförts: Identifiering av geografiskt lämpliga områden; behovsanalys, identifiering av tjänstedesign och affärsmodeller samt mobilisering av lokalt och regionalt engagemang. Tjänster och affärsmodeller har tagits fram med hjälp av Osterwalder Business Model Canvas. Ett antal kriterier har tagits fram för vilka egenskaper en landsbygd eller mindre ort bör ha för att en kombination av flera mobilitetstjänster ska ha möjlighet att kunna fungera. De tjänster som tillsammans i ett tjänstepaket skulle kunna ingå i en kombinerad mobilitetstjänst för landsbygd har validerats teoretiskt i den fiktiva bygden Småtorp. En offentlig aktör bör tillhandahålla organisatoriska och digitala plattformar åt de lokala mottagarna samt KomILand-konsulenter. KomILand kan bidra med lönsamhet, sänka mobilitetskostnaderna för kunderna, bidra med nya kunder till kollektivtrafiken och leda till ökad hållbarhet för samhället, förutsatt att det finns en robust och kvalitativ kollektivtrafik i botten.
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