| 1. |
- Bergdahl, Jan, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychobiological personality dimensions in two environmental-illness patient groups
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 9:4, s. 251-256
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychobiological personality dimensions in two subgroups of patients with environmental illness (EI). Fifty-nine patients, 34 women and 25 men (aged 32-69 years), were referred for symptoms allegedly caused by abnormal sensitivity to either dental fillings (DF; n=26) or electromagnetic fields (EMF; n=33). For the evaluation of personality, the Swedish 238-item version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was used. Compared with a control group, the EMF group scored higher on the temperament dimension Persistence. The DF group scored higher on the TCI subscales Harm Avoidance (fatigability and asthenia) and Self-Directedness (self-acceptance). Women scored higher than men did on the Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence (RD) dimensions in the DF group and on RD in the control group, indicating an inherited gender difference. No differences were found between men and women in the EMF group. Our results indicate that the high level of persistence found in the EMF group and the high level of fatigability and asthenia in combination with high self-acceptance found in the DF group represent vulnerable personalities. No significant differences were found between the two patient groups, indicating that these groups are quite similar regarding personality. This vulnerability can be expressed as various mental and somatic symptoms, which can be interpreted as El symptoms by the affected individual.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bergdahl, Maud, et al.
(författare)
-
Difference in apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE ɛ4) among dentate and edentulous subjects
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : Wiley. - 0734-0664 .- 1741-2358. ; 25:3, s. 179-186
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of apolipoprotein (APOE) alleles and determine whether APOE type 4 allele (ɛ4) was associated with edentulousness even when certain factors were controlled.Background: The APOE are important in lipid homeostasis, and APOE ɛ4 has been found in many diseases and to have a negative impact on longevity. Tooth loss is more common in ill aged subjects with low income and education.Materials and methods: In a population-based study involving 1860 subjects between 35 and 85 years 1321 dentate (mean age = 54; 54% women, 46% men) and 539 edentulous (mean age = 72; 62% women, 38% men) subjects were studied. Logistic regression was performed with dentate/edentulous as dependent variables and years of education, socio-economic status, social network, stress level, handicap from birth, 23 various diseases and APOE ɛ4 as covariates. Thereafter, APOE ɛ4 frequencies were studied in 342 dentate and 336 edentulous subjects 50–85 years of age. The subjects were matched with regard to age, gender, years of education, living condition, stress level, handicap from birth and 23 various diseases.Results: APOE allele frequency in the total group was ɛ2 = 7.8%, ɛ3 = 76.4% and ɛ4 = 15.8%. Age, living condition, years of education and APOE ɛ4 were significant covariates in edentulous subjects (p ≤ 0.001). APOE ɛ4 in the matched groups revealed significant differences between the dentate group and the edentulous group (χ2 = 5.68; p = 0.017). There was no group effect (F(29,648) = 0.849; p < 0.696; Wilks' lambda = 0.963). In the dentate group, the frequencies of APOE were: ɛ2 = 8.8%, ɛ3 = 77.9% and ɛ4 = 13.3%. Corresponding frequencies of APOE in the edentulous group were: ɛ2 = 6.6%, ɛ3 = 75.4% and ɛ4 = 18.0%.Conclusion: Despite matching both groups with regard to different background factors, the edentulous group had a higher frequency of APOE ɛ4 than the dentate group. Thus, genetic factors might contribute to greater risk in developing complex oral diseases leading to tooth loss or just be an indication that the subjects in our study carrying APOE ɛ4 are more fragile.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergdahl, Maud, et al.
(författare)
-
Natural teeth and cognitive function in humans
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 48:6, s. 557-565
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of neurobiological, psychological and social factors may account for cognitive impairment. In animal studies a relation between dental status and cognitive performance has been found. It is unclear whether such a relation exists for humans. In a first step we compared the performance of 1,351 participants (53% women, 47% men; age M = 54.0) with natural teeth to 487 edentulous participants (59% women, 41% men; age M = 71.3) on 12 cognitive tests. The natural teeth group had a lower mean age, fewer women, more years of education, higher mini-mental state (MMSE), and performed significantly higher on several cognitive tests. In a subsequent analysis, the cognitive performance of a subset of the participants (50–85 years) was examined. In this analysis, 211 had natural dentition and 188 were edentulous. The groups were matched for gender, age, social variables, diseases, stress and MMSE. The cognitive disadvantage of the edentulous group was still apparent. The results suggest that functional natural teeth relate to relatively preserved cognitive functioning in older age.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergdahl, Maud, et al.
(författare)
-
Natural teeth and preserved cognitive function in humans.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 48, s. 557-565
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of neurobiological, psychological and social factors may account for cognitive impairment. In animal studies a relation between dental status and cognitive performance has been found. It is unclear whether such a relation exists for humans, even though many older adults have poor oral health. In a large-scale population-based study involving individuals between the ages 35 to 90 years, 1366 subjects with natural teeth (55% women, 45% men; age M=56.3) and 510 edentulous subjects (61% women, 39% men; age M=73.4) were compared regarding their performance on twelve cognitive tests. In a subsequent analysis, cognitive performance was examined while the natural teeth group (N=239; 51% women, 49% men; age M=69.2) and the edentulous group (N=216; 54% women, 46% men; age M=68.8) were matched with regard to age, gender, years of education, MMSE, stress level and various diseases. The natural teeth group had a lower mean age, more formal education, reported less back pain, and performed significantly higher on several cognitive tests. After matching the groups, the natural teeth group performed significantly higher on multiple cognitive tests. The results suggest that functional natural teeth relate to relatively preserved cognitive functioning in older age, which underlines the necessity of adequate dental care in the elderly.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Hansson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Relationship between natural teeth and memory in a healthy elderly population
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 121:4, s. 333-340
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between mastication and cognitive function remains unclear, but both animal and experimental human studies suggest a possible causal relationship. In the present study it was hypothesized that natural teeth are of importance for hippocampus-based cognitive processes, such as episodic long-term memory. A population-based sample of 273 participants (55-80yr of age; 145 women) was investigated in a cross-sectional study. The participants underwent health assessment, completed a battery of cognitive tests, and took part in an extensive clinical oral examination. The number of natural teeth contributed uniquely and significantly to explaining variance (3-4%) in performance on measures of episodic memory and semantic memory over and above individual differences in age, years of education, gender, occupation, living conditions, and medical history. The number of natural teeth did not have an influence on the performance of measures of working memory, visuospatial ability, or processing speed. Within the limitations of the current study, a small, but significant, relationship between episodic memory and number of natural teeth is evident.
|
|
| 7. |
- Rönnlund, Michael, et al.
(författare)
-
Dimensionality of stress experiences : Factorial structure of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) in a population-based Swedish sample
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 56:5, s. 592-598
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the factorial structure of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-recent; Levenstein, Prantera, Varvo et al., 1993) in a large (N = 1516; 35-95 years) population-based Swedish sample (Nilsson, Adolfsson, Backman et al., 2004; Nilsson, Backman, Erngrund et al., 1997). Exploratory principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted on a first, randomly drawn subsample (n = 506). Next, the model based on the PCA was tested in a second sample (n = 505). Finally, a third sample (n = 505) was used to cross-validate the model. Five components were extracted in the PCA (eigenvalue > 1) and labeled Demands, Worries/Tension, Lack of joy, Conflict, and Fatigue, respectively. Twenty-one out of the 30 original PSQ items were retained in a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model that included the five (first-order) factors and, additionally, a general (second-order) stress factor, not considered in prior models. The model showed reasonable goodness of fit [chi(2)(184) = 511.2, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.904; RMSEA = 0.059; and SRMR = 0.063]. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses supported the validity of the established model. The results are discussed in relation to prior investigations of the factorial structure of the PSQ.
|
|
| 8. |
- Stein, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of the Conceptual Model of Health Literacy as a Risk : A Randomised Controlled Trial in a Clinical Dental Context
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 15:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous conceptual models of health literacy have been proposed in the literature, but very few have been empirically validated in clinical contexts. The aim of this study was to test the effects of the conceptual model of health literacy as a risk in a clinical dental context. A convenience sample of 133 Norwegian-speaking adults was recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group (n = 64, 54% women, mean age = 50 years) and a control group (n = 69, 49% women, mean age = 46 years). Clinical measurements were conducted pre-intervention and six months post-intervention. In the intervention group, communication regarding patients' oral health was tailored to their health literacy levels using recommended communication techniques, whereas the control group received brief information not tailored to health literacy levels. The ANCOVA showed significant between-group effects, finding reduced post-intervention mean gingival (p < 0.000) and mean plaque (p < 0.000) indices in the intervention group when controlling for baseline index scores. The adjusted Cohen's d indicated large effect sizes between the intervention group and the control group for both the mean gingival index (-0.98) and the mean plaque index (-1.33). In conclusion, the conceptual model of health literacy as a risk had a large effect on important clinical outcomes, such as gingival status and oral hygiene. The model may be regarded as a suitable supplement to patient education in populations.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sundström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Amalgam-related complaints and cognition
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Dental Abstracts. - : Elsevier. - 0011-8486. ; 56:2, s. 83-83
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 10. |
- Sundström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Amalgam-related complaints and life events
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Dental Abstracts. - : Elsevier. - 0011-8486. ; 56:5, s. 261-262
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
