| 1. |
- Andersson, Svante, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Born Global or Local? Factors influencing the Internationalization of University Spin-Offs - The Case of Halmstad University
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of International Entrepreneurship. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1570-7385 .- 1573-7349. ; 14:3, s. 296-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wealth of research in the past decades has examined born globals or international new ventures, which are firms that from inception view the whole world as a market and as a source to access resources. Many of these firms build their competitive advantage on high-tech knowledge. However, although many studies have shown how born globals can achieve success if they access resources through their relationships from actors in their networks, few studies have explored the relationship between born globals and universities. Universities are important actors in creating new technology knowledge, and many studies have shown how new firms, or so-called university spin-offs (USOs), are formed around universities. The current study explores why some USOs are successful in their international growth strategy and discusses the factors that influence and facilitate the internationalization process. The study investigates 10 USOs around the newly established Halmstad University in Sweden and finds that universities have a positive effect on firm creation and initial international growth. The regional competence base increases from the establishment of a local university, primarily by strengthening the regional human capital and by increasing university research. This study shows that researcher entrepreneurs’ ventures start as born globals, but that these firms do not continue to grow. Born global business models, per se, do not lead to competitive advantage and successful internationalization. Instead, a strategy built on customer focus and an ability to adapt to different customer demands lead to growth, and the location of growth is dependent on the size of the home market. This study also shows that student entrepreneurship can be a successful growth strategy for USOs focusing on both international and local markets. © 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Svante, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Born Globals and Born Locals originating from University Spin-Offs
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on firm’s that already from inception see the whole world as a market and/or the whole world as a source to access resources, so called born globals. Many of these firms, build their competitive advantage on high-tech knowledge. Universities have shown to be an important actor, to create technology knowledge, and numerous studies have shown how new firms are created around universities, so called University Spin-offs (USOs). Earlier research has shown that some USOs are successful with their international growth strategies. This study aims to explore why some USOs are successful in their international growth strategy and some are not. 10 USO around the newly established Halmstad University in Sweden is investigated. Both USOs founded be students and researchers are included in the sample. This study shows the positive influence of a university for firm creation and international growth. The regional competence base has increased by the establishment of a local university, primarily by strengthening the regional human capital, but lately also by an increased amount of university research. This study has showed student entrepreneurs more successful in growth and international development than researcher entrepreneurs, which imply that further development of support for student entrepreneurship is fruitful to create international growing firms.
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| 3. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Creating an Entrepreneurial region
- 2008
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Ingår i: Bridging the Functional and Territorial views on Regional Entrepreneurship and Development. - Örebro : Forum för småföretagsforskning. - 9189301277 ; , s. 35-54
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Creating an entrepreneurial region : Two waves of academic spin-offs from Halmstad University
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 17:8, s. 1171-1189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a Swedish case study of the regional effects of academic spin-offs. It is based on empirical data from Halmstad University and the Halmstad region, on the west coast of Sweden. The Halmstad case functions as an illustration of co-existing territorial and functional rationales, where a “rurban” lifestyle is combined with an increasingly “pracademic” knowledge. Spillover effects of university research (directly as well as indirectly) in the form of academic spin-offs have been traced over time. In doing so, we are able to identify two waves of academic entrepreneurship with direct and indirect regional effects. These waves contribute to the strengthening of the regional entrepreneurship and the attractiveness of the region. The establishment and (early) actions of the university can be seen as a stone that was thrown in the water, causing several waves to appear in the region. Whether these waves will be reinforced enough to create an entrepreneurial region, or just slowly disappear as rings on the water, also depends on the creation of an absorptive capacity and construction of the regional innovation system.
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| 5. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-
(författare)
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Linking academic research to entrepreneurs by serendipity or conscious match-making? : A case study of Chalmers University of Technology and the Region of Gothenburg
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to describe how the development of an entrepreneurial university contributes to the commercialisation of research. This is illustrated with the case of Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden. The findings show the importance of early pioneers creating a favourable culture from the very beginning of the university's existence. It also shows the influence of a few key individuals for the developed best practice in the innovation support system, which is to commercialise research by match-making researchers with complementing competences like entrepreneurship students as well as using alumni.
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| 9. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-
(författare)
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Researchers as enablers of commercialization at an entrepreneurial university
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Management Development. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0262-1711 .- 1758-7492. ; 36:2, s. 217-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to explore and visualize alternative ways – how and by whom – that academic research can come into commercial use. This study in the Swedish context investigates one entrepreneurial university, Chalmers University of Technology. In total, 18 interviews were conducted about researchers' views on commercialization and on how research comes into commercial use.Five propositions are advocated in relation to researchers’ role as enablers of others' commercialization. The concept of “need for utilization” is introduced as the critical explanation for researchers' readiness to transfer knowledge mainly via alumni to established companies. This study suggests that both universities and policy should acknowledge alternative ways of commercialization of academic research instead of putting all efforts on trying to transform unwilling academic researchers into entrepreneurs. One alternative is to foster ongoing contacts between researchers and alumni, who make commercial use of academic research in established firms. This study furthers the knowledge about researchers’ individual motivation for commercialization, as driven by a “need for utilization.” By showing how researchers enable others commercialization, this study broadens the prevailing focus on researchers' formation of university spin-offs as the essential output from entrepreneurial universities. The results also contribute to understanding the role of alumni in knowledge transfer to existing industry. © 2017 © Emerald Publishing Limited
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| 10. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-
(författare)
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Student Entrepreneurs : The Influence of University, Entrepreneurship Education and Research
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis deals with the questions if and how entrepreneurship education and access to research at university stimulate student start-ups. The phenomenon of student entrepreneurs is approached in three empirical studies. In the first study mail questionnaires were sent out to former entrepreneurship students at three universities in Sweden, in order to find out if the students’ entrepreneurial behaviour was influenced by education. The second study explores differences in communication skills and the handling of liabilities of newness between entrepreneurs with entrepreneurship education at university and/or previous start-up experience. Student entrepreneurs are compared with a control group of randomly chosen Swedish entrepreneurs. In the third study, the influence from university research on student entrepreneurship as well as direct and indirect regional effects are examined through interviews with university spin-offs around Halmstad University. Entrepreneurship education at university is found to influence entrepreneurial behaviour, to increase the student’s awareness of business opportunities and to result in high start-up frequency early in life. The student entrepreneurs perceive fewer problems to handle some aspects of liability of newness as well as communicative skills in terms of openness and adaptation. Other-orientation is on the other hand supported by previous start-up experience. Hence, with experience from both entrepreneurship education and previous start-up, the students seem well prepared for future start-ups. The case study show multiple and long term indirect effects from student entrepreneurship in developing an entrepreneurial region. Established student entrepreneurs support less experienced student entrepreneurs by linking them to supplementary resources. Students are found to shoulder an important role as academic entrepreneurs in interaction with other individuals connected to the university.
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