| 1. |
- Agerhäll, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
High prevalence of pharyngeal bacterial pathogens among healthy adolescents and young adults
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 129:12, s. 711-716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pharyngeal mucosa can be colonized with bacteria that have potential to cause pharyngotonsillitis. By the use of culturing techniques and PCR, we aimed to assess the prevalence of bacterial pharyngeal pathogens among healthy adolescents and young adults. We performed a cross-sectional study in a community-based cohort of 217 healthy individuals between 16 and 25 years of age. Samples were analyzed for Group A streptococci (GAS), Group C/G streptococci (SDSE), Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. Compared to culturing, the PCR method resulted in more frequent detection, albeit in most cases with low levels of DNA, of GAS (20/217 vs. 5/217; p < 0.01) and F. necrophorum (20/217 vs. 8/217; p < 0.01). Culturing and PCR yielded similar rates of SDSE detection (14/217 vs. 12/217; p = 0.73). Arcanobacterium haemolyticum was rarely detected (3/217), and only by PCR. Overall, in 25.3% (55/217) of these healthy adolescents and young adults at least one of these pathogens was detected, a rate that is higher than previously described. Further studies are needed before clinical adoption of PCR-based detection methods for pharyngeal bacterial pathogens, as our findings suggest a high incidence of asymptomatic carriage among adolescents and young adults without throat infections.
|
|
| 2. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Surgical Stages to Completed Fontan Circulation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 42:5, s. 1162-1169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arrhythmia is related to heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects the autonomic nervous regulation of the heart. We hypothesized that autonomic nervous ganglia, located at the junction of the superior vena cava's entrance to the heart, may be affected during the bidirectional Glenn procedure (BDG), resulting in reduced HRV. We aimed to investigate changes in heart rate and HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular heart defects, undergoing stepwise surgery towards total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), and compare these results with healthy controls. Twenty four hours Holter-ECG recordings were obtained before BDG (n = 47), after BDG (n = 47), and after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) (n = 45) in patients and in 38 healthy controls. HRV was analyzed by spectral and Poincare methods. Age-related z scores were calculated and compared using linear mixed effects modeling. Total HRV was significantly lower in patients before BDG when compared to healthy controls. The mean heart rate was significantly reduced in patients after BDG compared to before BDG. Compared to healthy controls, patients operated with BDG had significantly reduced heart rate and reduced total HRV. Patients with TCPC showed reduced heart rate and HRV compared with healthy controls. In patients after TCPC, total HRV was decreased compared to before TCPC. Heart rate was reduced after BDG procedure, and further reductions of HRV were seen post-TCPC. Our results indicate that autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm is affected both after BDG and again after TCPC. This may be reflected as, and contribute to, postoperative arrhythmic events.
|
|
| 3. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Heart rate variability in children with fontan circulation : lateral tunnel and extracardiac conduit
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 33:2, s. 307-315
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technique in Fontan surgery has developed from the lateral tunnel (LT) toward the extracardiac conduit (EC) used to reduce long-term complications such as atrial arrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) examines cardiac nervous activity controlling the sinus node. This study aimed to investigate HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular hearts, focusing on the relation between HRV and surgical procedure. For 112 children with Fontan circulation, HRV was analyzed using power spectral analysis. Spectral power was determined in three regions: very-low-frequency (VLF), low-frequency (LF), and high-frequency (HF) regions. Patients were compared with 66 healthy controls subject. Patients with LT were compared with patients who had EC. The children with Fontan circulation showed a significantly reduced HRV including total power (P < 0.0001), VLF (P < 0.0001), LF (P < 0.0001), and HF (P = 0.001) compared with the control subjects. The LT and EC patients did not differ significantly. Reduced HRV was found in both the LT and EC patients. In terms of HRV reduction, EC was not superior to LT.
|
|
| 4. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pacemaker treatment after Fontan surgery-A Swedish national study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Congenital Heart Disease. - : Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press). - 1747-079X .- 1747-0803. ; 14:4, s. 582-589
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveFontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n=599). ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 12.2years, 13% (78/599) of the patients with Fontan circulation had received pacemakers. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) type of total cavopulmonary connection had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with lateral tunnel (LT; 17%). Mortality did not differ between patients with (8%) and without pacemaker (5%). The most common pacemaker indication was sinus node dysfunction (SND) (64%). Pacemaker implantation due to SND was less common among patients with EC. Pacemaker implantation was significantly more common in patients with mitral atresia (MA; 44%), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; 24%) and double inlet left ventricle (DILV; 20%). In contrast, patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were significantly less likely to receive a pacemaker (3% and 6%, respectively). ConclusionsThirteen percent of Fontan patients received a permanent pacemaker, most frequently due to SND. EC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker than LT. Permanent pacemaker was more common in patients with MA, DORV, and DILV.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ansson, Cu Dybelius, et al.
(författare)
-
Perfusion in Upper Eyelid Flaps : Effects of Rotation and Stretching Measured With Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging in Patients
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. - 1537-2677. ; 36:5, s. 481-484
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate how the blood perfusion in human upper eyelid skin flaps is affected by the length of the flap and the degree of stretching and rotation of the flap.METHODS: Twenty-nine upper eyelids were dissected as part of a blepharoplastic procedure in patients. The 1-cm wide proximal end of the flap remains attached, to mimic a random pattern skin flap (hereafter called a "skin flap"). Blood perfusion was measured with laser speckle contrast imaging before and after the flap was stretched with forces of 0.5, 1, and 2 N. The flap was then rotated 90°, and the same tensions were applied.RESULTS: Blood perfusion decreased gradually from the base to the tip of the flap. The flap was only well perfused in the proximal 1 cm (60% at 0.5 cm and 37% at 1.0 cm) and was minimally perfused beyond 2 cm (22% at 2.0 cm). Stretching the nonrotated flaps affected perfusion slightly (decreased to 43% at 0.5 cm). Simply rotating the flaps by 90° had no significant effect on the perfusion. The combination of rotation (90°) and stretching reduced the perfusion to 22% at 2 N, when measured 0.5 cm from the base.CONCLUSIONS: Blood perfusion in upper eyelid skin flaps decreases rapidly with distance from the base of the flap. Rotating and stretching the skin flap reduces blood perfusion even further, leading to minimal perfusion in this kind of flap at distances greater than 1.5 cm from the base.
|
|
| 6. |
- Aronsen-Torp, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Somali Women's Experiences of Cooking and Meals after Immigration to Sweden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - Melbourne : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 20:2, s. 146-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article elucidates Somali women's experiences of cooking and meals after immigration to Sweden. Six Somali women participated in repeated focus group interviews. Content analysis of the interviews resulted in four themes: change in routines and content of the daily meals, changed experiences related to cooking and shopping for groceries, the social dimensions in food-related occupations, and change of identity and roles. According to the women, variety of factors related to their life in Sweden had led to changes in their food occupations and meals: environmental changes, societal factors and the fact that the women secured employment. Although their new focus on employment led to altered responsibility and time for the cooking, foodrelated occupations remained important for the creation of identity and the maintenance of the family. This study may inform the development of strategies to restrict the negative impacts of immigration on Somali women's health. Future research will increase understandings of the relationships between food-related occupations and women's roles, identity and health. © 2013 The Journal of Occupational Science Incorporated.
|
|
| 7. |
- Aronsen Torp, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Weight status among Somali immigrants in Sweden in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits and physical activity
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Open Public Health Journal. - 1874-9445. ; 8, s. 10-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Immigrants are considered globally to be a vulnerable subpopulation. Vulnerable population groups have a higher prevalence of obesity than the general population. Despite increased immigration of people from Somalia to Sweden in recent years, little research has been undertaken about obesity and obesity-related health risks among Somali immigrants. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as possible relationships between weight status and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits and physical activity (PA) among Somali immigrants in Sweden.Methods:This quantitative cross-sectional study included 114 respondents. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire covering socio-demographic factors, PA and dietary habits. Weight and height were also measured.Results:Of the 114 respondents, 50.9% had a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or above.In bi-variate analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between those with a BMI below 25 and those with a BMI of 25 or more regarding PA or dietary habits. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender and being married were associated with having a BMI of 25 or above.Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors may be more strongly associated with high BMI than PA or dietary habits among the targeted group and should be taken into account as an issue affecting Somali immigrants in Sweden that warrants further research.
|
|
| 8. |
- Aronsen Torp, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Weight status among Somali immigrants in Sweden in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits and physical activity
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Open Public Health Journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers B.V.. - 1874-9445. ; 8, s. 10-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Immigrants are considered globally to be a vulnerable subpopulation. Vulnerable population groups have a higher prevalence of obesity than the general population. Despite increased immigration of people from Somalia to Sweden in recent years, little research has been undertaken about obesity and obesity-related health risks among Somali immigrants. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, as well as possible relationships between weight status and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits and physical activity (PA) among Somali immigrants in Sweden. Methods:This quantitative cross-sectional study included 114 respondents. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire covering socio-demographic factors, PA and dietary habits. Weight and height were also measured. Results:Of the 114 respondents, 50.9% had a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or above.In bi-variate analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between those with a BMI below25 and those with a BMI of 25 or more regarding PA or dietary habits. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender and being married were associated with having a BMI of 25 or above. Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors may be more strongly associated with high BMI than PA or dietary habits among the targeted group and should be taken into account as an issue affecting Somali immigrants in Sweden that warrants further research.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
