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| 2. |
- Balteiro, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alicante Journal of English Studies. - : Universidad de Alicante Servicio de Publicaciones. - 0214-4808 .- 2171-861X. ; 32, s. 7-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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- Bergh, Gunnar, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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A Hundred Years of Football English: A Dictionary Study on the Relationship of a Special Language to General Language
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alicante Journal of English Studies. - 0214-4808 .- 2171-861X. ; 32, s. 15-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- General-purpose dictionaries may be assumed to reflect the core vocabulary of current language use. This implies that subsequent editions of a desk dictionary should mirror lexical changes in the general language. These include cases where special-language words have become so familiar to the general public that they may also be regarded as part of general language. This is the perspective of the present study on English football vocabulary, where a set of well-known football words – dribble, offside, etc. – are investigated as to their representation in five editions of the Concise Oxford Dictionary(1911–2011), and in four of the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(1948–1995). Two other dictionaries are also consulted: the Oxford Dictionary of English (2010) and – for first occurrences of the words studied – the Oxford English Dictionary. It is shown that, over the past hundred years, football vocabulary has gradually, at an accelerating pace, become more mainstream, as demonstrated by the growth of such vocabulary (e.g. striker, yellow card) in subsequent dictionary editions. Yet, some football terms make an esoteric impression, e.g. nutmeg ‘play the ball through the opponent’s legs’. Interestingly, such words also tend to be included in present-day dictionaries. Thus, football language is in a state of constant flux, responding to developments in and around the game. This is reflected in the dictionaries studied. In conclusion, due to the status and media coverage of the “people’s game” today, English general-purpose dictionaries have increasingly come to recognize much of its vocabulary as part of general language.
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| 4. |
- Bergh, Gunnar, 1956
(författare)
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Complex extractions in a diachronic perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: John Newman, Harald Baayen & Sally Rice (red.) Corpus-based Studies in Language Use, Language Learning, and Language Documentation. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi. ; , s. 53-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Bergh, Gunnar, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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English direct loans in European football lexis
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Anglicization of European Lexis [C. Furiassi, V. Pulcini & F. Rodríguez González (eds.)]. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 9789027273635 ; 174, s. 281-304
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Football language is arguably the world’s most widespread special language, where English has played – and still plays – a dominant role. The present study reports on the influence of English in terms of direct loans and loan translations in this field, as manifested in 16 European languages. In particular, drawing on a selected set of English football words – match, goal, corner, forward, keeper, offside, hooligan, etc. – the investigation shows that while such cross-linguistic processes are common, there is a great deal of variation between the languages studied; for example, they differ considerably with regard to their tendency to adopt direct loans, Norwegian exhibiting the highest level of acceptance and Finnish the lowest. The significance of the resulting patterns is discussed, providing some tentative explanations of the phenomena noted, where both linguistic and sociolinguistic factors, such as language similarity and attitudes to borrowing, are taken into account.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bergh, Gunnar, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Football language in the age of superdiversity
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Routledge Handbook of Language and Superdiversity / Edited by Angela Creese, Adrian Blackledge. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9781138905092 ; , s. 254-267
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter deals with football language, or football-related communication, here mainly considered as a specific conceptual or semantic sphere, shared by the global football community. Sociolinguistically, football language in its various realizations, or registers (informal–formal, oral–written, etc.), can be seen as making up a special part, or resource, of a person’s linguistic repertoire, independent of more conventional sociolinguistic variables (Blommaert & Rampton 2016). As a field of study, it can be characterized as basically under-researched, although offering a wealth of material not only for research into its lexical, grammatical and other properties, but also for studies related to superdiverse social contexts. While not based on a specific corpus or set of data, the study provides a discussion, primarily from a migrant perspective, of the role of football language as a unifying link between different categories of spectators with a variety of first languages. In particular, the emphasis is on spoken communication, eclectically collected, in informal settings where English serves as a lingua franca. Football and football language can be seen as cutting across a range of barriers related to language, ethnicity and culture (Giulianotti 1999). Special attention is drawn to the parallelism between the early social history of British football, including its spread to other parts of the world, and the potential of today’s football and football language to bridge sociocultural and linguistic gaps, promoting integration between people in superdiverse environments in Britain and elsewhere. Thus, the “imagined community” (Anderson 1983) of people with an interest in football may transcend societal divisions, creating a sense of shared identity, especially pronounced at club level; in this, football language is instrumental. Wherever football has a long tradition as a mass culture, the game’s role in providing opportunities for communicative interaction, even among strangers, is readily apparent. In such interaction, even rudimentary familiarity with English football language may contribute to a sense of community, despite significant differences in other respects. In countries with other first languages, corresponding processes may be expected to be at work.
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