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- Balatsouka, D, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of nicotine on bone healing and osseointegration - An experimental study in rabbits
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 16:3, s. 268-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objecives: To examine the short-term effect of nicotine on bone healing and osseointegration. Material and methods: Sixteen female rabbits were divided into two groups. The test group was exposed to nicotine tartrate for 8 weeks and the control group was exposed to placebo. Nicotine or placebo was administered via a miniosmotic pump and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. The pump delivered 15 mg of nicotine/day for the animals in the test group. All rabbits had three tibial bone preparations. In the proximal and distal bone bed, implants were placed after 4 weeks (right tibia) and after 6 weeks (left tibia). Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created. Removal torque test (RMT) was performed at the distal implants. Ground sections were made from the proximal and the central bone beds. The fraction of mineralized bone in contact to the implant (BIC) and the bone density within the implant threads (BD-i) were determined for the bone-implant specimens. For the central bone beds without implants the bone density (BD-c) in the bone defects was determined. Results: No significant difference in RMT values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri-implant BD-i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or 4 weeks. Significant differences were, however, found between the 2- and 4-week samples. In the central bone beds, there was no significant difference in BD-c between the test and the control group. Conclusion: Nicotine exposure in a short period of time did not have a significant impact on bone healing or implant osseointegration in rabbits.
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| 3. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
- 2018
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Ingår i: J Clin Periodontol. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration. It is not possible to define a range of probing depths compatible with health; Peri-implant health can exist around implants with reduced bone support. The main clinical characteristic of peri-implant mucositis is bleeding on gentle probing. Erythema, swelling, and/or suppuration may also be present. An increase in probing depth is often observed in the presence of peri-implant mucositis due to swelling or decrease in probing resistance. There is strong evidence from animal and human experimental studies that plaque is the etiological factor for peri-implant mucositis. Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation, bleeding on probing, and/or suppuration, increased probing depths and/or recession of the mucosal margin in addition to radiographic bone loss. The evidence is equivocal regarding the effect of keratinized mucosa on the long-term health of the peri-implant tissue. It appears, however, that keratinized mucosa may have advantages regarding patient comfort and ease of plaque removal. Case definitions in day-to-day clinical practice and in epidemiological or disease-surveillance studies for peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis were introduced. The proposed case definitions should be viewed within the context that there is no generic implant and that there are numerous implant designs with different surface characteristics, surgical and loading protocols. It is recommended that the clinician obtain baseline radiographic and probing measurements following the completion of the implant-supported prosthesis.
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| 4. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492. ; 89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration. It is not possible to define a range of probing depths compatible with health; Peri-implant health can exist around implants with reduced bone support. The main clinical characteristic of peri-implant mucositis is bleeding on gentle probing. Erythema, swelling, and/or suppuration may also be present. An increase in probing depth is often observed in the presence of peri-implant mucositis due to swelling or decrease in probing resistance. There is strong evidence from animal and human experimental studies that plaque is the etiological factor for peri-implant mucositis. Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation, bleeding on probing, and/or suppuration, increased probing depths and/or recession of the mucosal margin in addition to radiographic bone loss. The evidence is equivocal regarding the effect of keratinized mucosa on the long-term health of the peri-implant tissue. It appears, however, that keratinized mucosa may have advantages regarding patient comfort and ease of plaque removal. Case definitions in day-to-day clinical practice and in epidemiological or disease-surveillance studies for peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis were introduced. The proposed case definitions should be viewed within the context that there is no generic implant and that there are numerous implant designs with different surface characteristics, surgical and loading protocols. It is recommended that the clinician obtain baseline radiographic and probing measurements following the completion of the implant-supported prosthesis.
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| 5. |
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| 7. |
- Garaicoa-Pazmino, C., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of macrophage polarization in periodontal disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:8, s. 830-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To explore the M1/M2 status of macrophage polarization from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis patient samples. Materials and methods Gingival biopsies were collected from 42 individuals (14 gingivitis, 18 periodontitis, and 10 healthy samples) receiving periodontal therapy. Histomorphology analysis was performed with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunofluorescence was performed using a combination of CD68 (macrophages), iNOS (M1), and CD206 (M2) in order to acquire changes in macrophage polarization at a single-cell resolution. Macrophages were quantified under microscopy using narrow wavelength filters to detect Alexa 488, Alexa 568, Alexa 633 fluorophores, and Hoechst 33342 to identify cellular DNA content. Results Gingivitis and periodontitis samples showed higher levels of macrophages compared with healthy samples. Unexpectedly, periodontitis samples displayed lower levels of macrophages dispersed in the stromal tissues compared with gingivitis samples; however, it remained higher than healthy tissues. The polarization of macrophages appears to be reduced in periodontitis and showed similar levels to those observed in healthy tissues. Conclusions Our study found that gingivitis and periodontitis differ from each other by the levels of macrophage infiltrate, but not by changes in macrophage polarization.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of epigenetics on periodontitis and peri-implantitis pathogenesis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 90:1, s. 125-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontitis is a disease characterized by tooth-associated microbial biofilms that drive chronic inflammation and destruction of periodontal-supporting tissues. In some individuals, disease progression can lead to tooth loss. A similar condition can occur around dental implants in the form of peri-implantitis. The immune response to bacterial challenges is not only influenced by genetic factors, but also by environmental factors. Epigenetics involves the study of gene function independent of changes to the DNA sequence and its associated proteins, and represents a critical link between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to contribute to the progression of several diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis and peri-implantitis. This review aims to present the latest findings on epigenetic influences on periodontitis and to discuss potential mechanisms that may influence peri-implantitis, given the paucity of information currently available.
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| 10. |
- Lindhe, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases : consensus report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 35:8 Suppl, s. 282-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Issues related to peri-implant disease were discussed. It was observed that the most common lesions that occur, i.e. peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are caused by bacteria. While the lesion of peri-implant mucositis resides in the soft tissues, peri-implantitis also affects the supporting bone. Peri-implant mucositis occurs in about 80% of subjects (50% of sites) restored with implants, and peri-implantitis in between 28% and 56% of subjects (12-40% of sites). A number of risk indicators were identified including (i) poor oral hygiene, (ii) a history of periodontitis, (iii) diabetes and (iv) smoking. It was concluded that the treatment of peri-implant disease must include anti-infective measures. With respect to peri-implant mucositis, it appeared that non-surgical mechanical therapy caused the reduction in inflammation (bleeding on probing) but also that the adjunctive use of antimicrobial mouthrinses had a positive effect. It was agreed that the outcome of non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was unpredictable. The primary objective of surgical treatment in peri-implantitis is to get access to the implant surface for debridement and decontamination in order to achieve resolution of the inflammatory lesion. There was limited evidence that such treatment with the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics could resolve a number of peri-implantitis lesions. There was no evidence that so-called regenerative procedures had additional beneficial effects on treatment outcome.
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