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| 2. |
- Bergman, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A Library Based Tool to Assist the Generative Activity in Workstation Design
- 2014
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Ingår i: Advances in Ergonomics in Design, Usability & Special Populations. - : AHFE Conference. - 9781495121074 ; , s. 206-214
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Workstation design processes are seldom as rigorous as product design processes. Instead, workstations are often “just built”. This commonly results in workstations that suffer from problems related to ergonomics, flexibility, logistics, productivity etc., in turn leading to reductions in human wellbeing and/or economics. The problem is seldom a lack of information, about ergonomics or other relevant areas, in itself. The problem is rather knowledge of how to find, interpret and use the information proactively in the design of workstations, e.g. in the definition of a complete set of goals for a successful design, or in the generation of design solutions that fulfil these goals. Moreover, the evaluation of a workstation design is typically performed on actual workstations, or physical mock-ups representing near-completed proposals. This paper argues that workstation design processes could gain from utilizing product design methodologies. In line with this, a novel and structured way of establishing a library of verified design solutions that fulfil certain requirements is presented in this paper. This would help the designer to select and generate solutions for the design task at hand, thus speeding up the design process and reducing the risk of redesign and rebuild, due to not fulfilling set requirements.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A tool to assist and evalute workstation design
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of NES 2013, 45th Nordic Ergonomics & Human Factors Society conference, Iceland, August 2013. - 9789979723974
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It can be argued that it is common that industrial workstations are “built” rather than purposefully designed with user and task requirements in mind. Afterwards, built-in problems typically need to be corrected, causing undesired costs and efforts. With the objective to assist workstation designers in avoiding most problems already in the design phase, a design support tool is being developed. The paper argues the need for such a tool and presents the fundamental tool functionality. Expected advantages are more efficient and ergonomic workstations and a more efficient design process with built-in learning and documentation.
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of Suitable Comfort Model for Posture and Motion Prediction in DHM Supported Vehicle Design
- 2015
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Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2351-9789. ; 3, s. 3753-3758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver-vehicle interaction analyses are done to ensure a successful vehicle design from an ergonomics perspective. Digital Human Modelling (DHM) tools are often used to support such verifications, particularly at early stages of the product development process. When verifying that a vehicle design accommodates the diversity of users and tasks, a DHM tool needs to be able to represent postures and motions that are likely under certain conditions. This functionality is essential so that the tool user will obtain objective and repeatable simulation results. The DHM tool IMMA (Intelligently Moving Manikins) predicts postures and motions by using computational methods. This offers the possibility to generate postures and motions that are unique for the present design conditions. IMMA was originally developed for simulating manual assembly work, whereas the work presented here is a step towards utilizing the IMMA tool for occupant packaging and related tasks. The objective is a tool for virtual verification of driver-vehicle interaction that supports and automates the simulation work to a high degree. The prediction functionality in IMMA is based on the use of optimization algorithms where one important component is the consideration of comfort level. This paper reports results from an basic investigation of driving postures and available comfort models suitable in a driving context, and shows initial results of seated posture and motion prediction functionality in the IMMA tool.
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| 5. |
- Bergman, Dan, 1970-
(författare)
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Computer simulation of topological and spatial structure in water and aqueous solutions
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis concerns molecular-dynamics and expanded-ensemble simulation of topological and spatial structure in water and aqueous solutions.First, methods for analysis of molecular pair configurations using angularly resolved density distributions were considered. It was shown that these distributions expose major features of liquid structure and that they can be used to define the hydrogen bond. Second, a method was developed for analysis of hydrogen-bond network topology. It characterizes networks in terms of the local bond patterns surrounding the water molecules and in terms of loops and chains of directed bonds.The methods developed have been applied to pure water, to water--acetonitrile mixtures and to charged Lennard-Jones spheres dissolved in water. Solvation structures in aqueous solutions of methylamine and tert-butyl alcohol have also been considered. The main results are: (a) In pure water, there is proton ordering around short loops, but not along chains. (b) The hydrogen-bond network in water--acetonitrile mixtures with acetonitrile mole fractions x=0.1, 0.5 and 0.9 have been characterized. As x increases from 0.1 to 0.9, the network is depleted of crosslinks, the proton ordering along chains increases and the most probable loop length decreases. For x=0.5 and 0.9 large water clusters form. (c) The hydration structures surrounding charged Lennard-Jones solutes corresponding to extrema in the solvation entropy have been characterized. Of the two solutes corresponding to the maxima, one acts as a double proton-donor and the other as a double proton-acceptor. The solute corresponding to the minimum enhances the water--water correlations. Further, the orientational and the radial parts of the two-body solute--water entropy have been calculated. The orientational part has a single maximum, whereas the radial part maintains the bimodal form of the full solvation entropy.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bergman, Dan L., et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal Forecasting of Tropical Cyclone Landfall Using ECMWF's System 4
- 2019
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Ingår i: Weather and forecasting. - 0882-8156 .- 1520-0434. ; 34:5, s. 1239-1255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method has been developed to forecast seasonal landfall risk using ensembles of cyclone tracks generated by ECMWF's seasonal forecast system 4. The method has been applied to analyze and retrospectively forecast the landfall risk along the North American coast. The main result is that the method can be used to forecast landfall for some parts of the coast, but the skill is lower than for basinwide forecasts of activity. The rank correlations between forecasts issued on 1 May and observations are 0.6 for basinwide tropical cyclone number and 0.5 for landfall anywhere along the coast. When the forecast period is limited to the peak of the hurricane season, the landfall correlation increases to 0.6. Moreover, when the forecast issue date is pushed forward to 1 August, basinwide tropical cyclone and hurricane correlations increase to 0.7 and 0.8, respectively, whereas landfall correlations improve less. The quality of the forecasts is in line with that obtained by others.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bergman, Dan
(författare)
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Program för beräkning av siktkurvor
- 1986
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Ingår i: Datorer inom mineraltekniken. - : MinFo. ; , s. 85-93
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Bergman, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Does one's sense of coherence change after an acute myocardial infarction?: A two-year longitudinal study in Sweden.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nursing and Health Sciences. - : Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. - 1441-0745 .- 1442-2018. ; 13:2, s. 156-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess changes in the sense of coherence of patients who had suffered their first myocardial infarction. Out of 100 patients at the start of the study, these changes were evaluated in 66 men and 18 women aged 36–70 years. Generally, the sense of coherence was found to be stable among the whole group, but there were significant individual variations in its development in some of the participants over the following years. Even the individuals with an initally high sense of coherence could experience a decrease in its level. The changes that were found in the men can be explained by their marital status, level of treatment satisfaction, disease perception/quality of life, physical limitation, and alcohol intake and/or tobacco use at the baseline. An unexpected finding was that the single men with an initially high sense of coherence experienced a decreased level over time. In order to maintain or increase patients' sense of coherence, it is important for nurses to help them identify their risk factors and to provide conditions for individualized cardiac rehabilitation in order to avoid another myocardial infarction.
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