| 1. |
- Aghanavesi, Somayeh, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
A multiple motion sensors index for motor state quantification in Parkinson's disease
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-2607 .- 1872-7565. ; 189
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To construct a Treatment Response Index from Multiple Sensors (TRIMS) for quantification of motor state in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) during a single levodopa dose. Another aim was to compare TRIMS to sensor indexes derived from individual motor tasks. Method: Nineteen PD patients performed three motor tests including leg agility, pronation-supination movement of hands, and walking in a clinic while wearing inertial measurement unit sensors on their wrists and ankles. They performed the tests repeatedly before and after taking 150% of their individual oral levodopa-carbidopa equivalent morning dose.Three neurologists blinded to treatment status, viewed patients’ videos and rated their motor symptoms, dyskinesia, overall motor state based on selected items of Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III, Dyskinesia scale, and Treatment Response Scale (TRS). To build TRIMS, out of initially 178 extracted features from upper- and lower-limbs data, 39 features were selected by stepwise regression method and were used as input to support vector machines to be mapped to mean reference TRS scores using 10-fold cross-validation method. Test-retest reliability, responsiveness to medication, and correlation to TRS as well as other UPDRS items were evaluated for TRIMS. Results: The correlation of TRIMS with TRS was 0.93. TRIMS had good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.83). Responsiveness of the TRIMS to medication was good compared to TRS indicating its power in capturing the treatment effects. TRIMS was highly correlated to dyskinesia (R = 0.85), bradykinesia (R = 0.84) and gait (R = 0.79) UPDRS items. Correlation of sensor index from the upper-limb to TRS was 0.89. Conclusion: Using the fusion of upper- and lower-limbs sensor data to construct TRIMS provided accurate PD motor states estimation and responsive to treatment. In addition, quantification of upper-limb sensor data during walking test provided strong results. © 2019
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Contest-based and norm-based interventions: (How) do they differ in attitudes, norms, and behaviors?
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 11:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Setting up a contest is a popular means to promote pro-environmental behaviors. Yet, research on contest-based interventions is scarce while norm-based interventions have gained much attention. In two field experiments, we randomly assigned 79 apartments to either a contest-based or a norm-based electricity conservation intervention and measured kWh usage for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Results from both studies showed that contest-based interventions promote intensive but short-lived electricity saving. In Study 1 apartments assigned to a norm-based intervention showed more stable electricity saving (low intensity and long-lasting). Study 2 did not replicate this finding, but supported that participants in the norm-based intervention also engaged in non-targeted behaviors. These results emphasize the importance of identifying how different intervention techniques may activate different goals, framing both how people think about and act upon targeted pro-environmental behaviors.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Contests versus norms: Implications of contest-based and norm-based intervention techniques
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Bergquist, Nilsson and Hansla. Interventions using either contests or norms can promote environmental behavioral change. Yet research on the implications of contest-based and norm-based interventions is lacking. Based on Goal-framing theory, we suggest that a contest-based intervention frames a gain goal promoting intensive but instrumental behavioral engagement. In contrast, the norm-based intervention was expected to frame a normative goal activating normative obligations for targeted and non-targeted behavior and motivation to engage in pro-environmental behaviors in the future. In two studies participants (n = 347) were randomly assigned to either a contest- or a norm-based intervention technique. Participants in the contest showed more intensive engagement in both studies. Participants in the norm-based intervention tended to report higher intentions for future energy conservation (Study 1) and higher personal norms for non-targeted pro-environmental behaviors (Study 2). These findings suggest that contest-based intervention technique frames a gain goal, while norm-based intervention frames a normative goal.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Descriptive social norms and resource cues influence choice by additive and separate effects
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016. ; 75:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Descriptive social norms have attracted much attention in social influence research. Regarding consumer choice, it is however unclear if, and to what extent, the influence of social norms is related to resource-state information. In two experiments, including 384 and 724 participants, respectively, we assess the unique and combined effects of these influences on both choice and preferences. Results showed consistent effects of descriptive social norms, influencing both choice and preferences across the two experiments. When a resource cue was provided in Experiment 1, a small non-significant difference compared to the control condition indicated that information about resource states might affect choice. This effect was replicated with statistical significance in Experiment 2. No effect of such a cue was detected on preferences in either experiment. Present results suggest that the effects of descriptive social norms and resource cues are independent and additive.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Experiencing a severe weather event increases concern about climate change
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is primarily driven by human-caused greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and may therefore be mitigated by changes to human behavior (Clayton et al., 2015; IPCC, 2018). Despite efforts to raise awareness and concern about climate change, GHG emissions continue to rise (IPCC, 2018). Climate change seems to be at odds with the immediate, present threats to which humans are adapted to cope (Gifford et al., 2009; Schultz, 2014; van Vugt et al., 2014). In contrast to immediate dangers, climate change is typically abstract, large scale, slow and often unrelated to the welfare of our daily lives (e.g., Ornstein and Ehrlich, 1989; Gifford, 2011). But there are moments when the consequences of climate change are readily apparent, such as extreme weather events. In the current paper, we examine the impact of personal experience with an extreme weather event, and the impact of this experience on beliefs about climate change, and intentions to take actions that can help prepare for and mitigate the consequences of climate change.
|
|
| 7. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Feeling or following? A field-experiment comparing social norms-based and emotions-based motives encouraging pro-environmental donations
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Consumer Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 1472-0817 .- 1479-1838. ; 19:4, s. 351-358
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we design and explore interventions encouraging pro-environmental donations by testing social norms and anticipated positive emotions. The social norms-based intervention included descriptive and injunctive social normative information while the emotions-based intervention included information about anticipated positive emotions. The two intervention techniques were tested in a field-experiment; applying social norms-based or emotions-based messages to a real choice situation between retaining versus donating one's own money (i.e., using recycling machines giving people the choice to either retain money obtained from their recycled bottles, or to donate their money to a pro-environmental organization). Results showed that more people donated their money after being exposed to the emotions-based message, than the social norms-based message or no message.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Field interventions for climate change mitigation behaviors: A second-order meta-analysis
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 120:13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Behavioral change is essential to mitigate climate change. To advance current knowledge, we synthesize research on interventions aiming to promote climate change mitigation behaviors in field settings. In a preregistered second-order meta-analysis, we assess the overall effect of 10 meta-analyses, incorporating a total of 430 primary studies. In addition, we assess subgroup analyses for six types of interventions, five behaviors, and three publication bias adjustments. Results showed that climate change mitigation interventions were generally effective (dunadjusted = 0.31, 95% CI [0.30, 0.32]). A follow-up analysis using only unique primary studies, adjusted for publication bias, provides a more conservative overall estimate (d = 0.18, 95% CI [0.13, 0.24]). This translates into a mean treatment effect of 7 percentage points. Furthermore, in a subsample of adequately powered large-scale interventions (n > 9,000, k = 32), the effect was adjusted downward to approximately 2 percentage points. This discrepancy might be because large-scale interventions often target nonvoluntary participants by less direct techniques (e.g., "home energy reports") while small-scale interventions often target voluntary par-ticipants by more direct techniques (e.g., face-to-face interactions). Subgroup analyses showed that interventions based on social comparisons or financial incentives were the most effective, while education or feedback was the least effective. These results provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art summary of climate change mitigation interventions, guiding both future research and practice.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Meta-analyses of fifteen determinants of public opinion about climate change taxes and laws
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 12, s. 235-240
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public acceptance is a precondition for implementing taxes and laws aimed at mitigating climate change. However, it still remains challenging to understand its determinants for the climate community. Here, we use a meta-analytic approach to examine the role of public opinion about climate change taxes and laws. Fifteen variables were examined by synthesizing 89 datasets from 51 articles across 33 countries, with a total sample of 119,465 participants. Among all factors, perceived fairness and effectiveness were the most important determinants. Self-enhancement values and knowledge about climate change showed weak relationships and demographic variables showed only weak or close to zero effects. Our meta-analytic results provide useful insights and have the potential to inform climate change researchers, practitioners and policymakers to better design climate policy instruments.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Minding the gap: Influence of distance between own behavior and social norms on energy conservation intentions
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 11th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Groningen 2015.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Two studies examined if influence of social norms are affected by distances between one’s own behavior and others behavior (norm distance). In the first experiment, including norm distance, feedback unit (kwh, SEK) and perceived importance, hypotheses were derived based on social comparison theory. Results from experiment 1 (n = 104) showed that distal norm distance elicited greatest energy conservation intentions in the norm alignment (i.e. congruent descriptive and injunctive norms) condition. Feedback unit did not affect the influence of norm distance; however, an interaction was found, suggesting that the influence of feedback unit on energy conservation intentions interacts with perceived importance of energy conservation. Finally, importance of energy conservation intentions showed a main effect of energy conservation intentions. Experiment 2 (n = 122) showed that the influence of aligned norm distance on energy conservation intentions followed a positive linear trend. Although influenced by unpredicted gender interactions, experiment 2 supported that norm distance and frequency of descriptive norms are separate processes, and replicated the main effect of importance of energy conservation. Taken together, these results suggest an effect of norm distance in normative influence. This effect seems to be better explained by heuristic processing rather than social comparison processes.
|
|
