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- Bergqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Finfish Aquaculture: Animal Welfare, the Environment, and Ethical Implications
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1187-7863 .- 1573-322X. ; 26, s. 75-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this review is to assess the ethical implications of finfish aquaculture, regarding fish welfare and environmental aspects. The finfish aquaculture industry has grown substantially the last decades, both as a result of the over-fishing of wild fish populations, and because of the increasing consumer demand for fish meat. As the industry is growing, a significant amount of research on the subject is being conducted, monitoring the effects of aquaculture on the environment and on animal welfare. The areas of concern when it comes to animal welfare have here been divided into four different stages: breeding period; growth period; capturing and handling; and slaughter. Besides these stages, this report includes a chapter on the current evidence of fish sentience, since this issue is still being debated among biologists. However, most biologists are at present acknowledging the probability of fish being sentient creatures. Current aquaculture practices are affecting fish welfare during all four of the cited stages, both on physical and mental levels, as well as on the ability of fish to carry out natural behaviors. The effect fish farming has on the environment is here separated into five different categories: the decline of wild fish populations; waste and chemical discharge; loss of habitat; spreading of diseases; and invasion of exotic organisms. There is evidence of severe negative effects on the environment when looking at these five categories, even when considering the difficulty of studying environmental effects, due to the closely interacting variables. The ethical arguments and scientific evidences here reviewed have not all come to the same conclusions. Nevertheless, the general agreement is that current aquaculture practices are neither meeting the needs of fish nor environment. Thus, the obvious environmental and animal welfare aspects of finfish aquaculture make it hard to ethically defend a fish diet.
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- Bergqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare resource use, comorbidity, treatment and clinical outcomes for patients with primary intracranial tumors : a Swedish population-based register study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 56:3, s. 405-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary intracranial tumors are relatively uncommon and heterogeneous, which make them challenging to study. We coupled data from unique Swedish population-based registries in order to deeper analyze the most common intracranical tumor types. Patient characteristics (e.g. comorbidities), care process measures like adherence to national guidelines, healthcare resource use and clinical outcome was evaluated.Materials and methods: A register-based study including several population-based registries for all patients living in Stockholm-Gotland, diagnosed with primary intracranial tumor between 2001 and 2013 was performed. Patient characteristics were captured and investigated in relation to survival, healthcare resource use (inpatient-, outpatient- and primary care) and treatment process.Results: High-grade glioma and meningioma were the most common tumor types and most patients (76%) were above the age of 40 in the patient population (n = 3664). Older age, comorbidity (Elixhauser comorbidity index) and type of tumor (high-grade glioma) were associated with lower survival rate and increased use of healthcare resources, analyzed for patients living in Stockholm (n = 3031). The analyses of healthcare use and survival showed no differences between males and females, when stratifying by tumor types. Healthcare processes were not always consistent with existing national treatment recommendations for patients with high-grade gliomas (n = 474) with regard to specified lead times, analyzed in the Swedish Brain Tumor Registry, as also observed at the national level.Conclusions: Age, comorbidity and high-grade gliomas, but not sex, were associated with decreased survival and increased use of healthcare resources. Fewer patients than aimed for in national guidelines received care according to specified lead times. The analysis of comprehensive population-based register data can be used to improve future care processes and outcomes.
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- Bergqvist, Jenny
(författare)
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HER2 and TP53 in human breast cancer : studies of methods and prognostic value
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prognostic and predictive factors are needed for tailored therapy strategies, aimed at reducing breast cancer relapse and improving survival. The present arsenal of such factors is insufficient. The aims of this thesis were to study the TP53 gene, and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), also known as c-erbB-2 and HER2/neu, in human breast cancer, especially in relation to outcome after tamoxifen therapy. In order to make the best out of the biological markers prognostic and predictive values, optimal methods for their determinations are required, and this is also addressed in the thesis. We found mutated TP53 to be associated with worse outcome after adjuvant chemotherapy (CMF), but to be of no statistically significant importance with regard to the outcome of adjuvant tamoxifen. However, in the total patient population, women with wild type TP53 tumours had better survival compared with women whose tumours were TP53 mutated. We used sequenced-based methodology for analysis of all TP53 exons, based on indications that this method is superior to immunohistochemistry (IHC) in prognostication of breast cancer relapse and survival. The monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, directed against HER2, is one of many examples of emerging targeting therapies, of which tamoxifen was the first. We describe the first patients in Sweden who received trastuzumab on a named patient basis, all with advanced breast cancer failing on conventional therapy. The previously demonstrated efficacy and acceptable toxicity in randomised studies were confirmed in our small population-based patient cohort. Endocrine therapy with tamoxifen, mediating both anti-oestrogen, and oestrogen-like effects, has been used for more than three decades. Subsequently, tamoxifen resistance is a problem for a large cohort of breast cancer patients. Preclinical as well as clinical studies have hypothesised HER2 to be involved in tamoxifen resistance through cross-talk signalling with the oestrogen receptor, via the mitogen activated protein kinase, extra cellular regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway. We confirmed HER2 to be associated with worse outcome after tamoxifen therapy while, in contrast to other studies, we found that activated ERK1/2 immunohistochemical staining, prognosticate better outcome. The increasing number of patients eligible for trastuzumab therapy requires reproducible, cost-effective, and high throughput assays for HER2 determinations. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridisation are the most frequently used methods for evaluation of HER2 status. We demonstrate quantitative real-time PCR and an RNA expression-based methodology to generate high-quality HER2 assessments with equivalent, and in some aspects improved results, compared with immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridisation/chromogenic in situ hybridisation.
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- Bergqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative real-time PCR analysis and microarray-based RNA expression of HER2 in relation to outcome
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 18:5, s. 845-850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Our aim was to use quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) and RNA expression profiles (RNA-EPs) to investigate HER2 status in relation to outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cut-off levels for Q-PCR and RNA-EP were established in relation to immunohistochemistry (IHC) validated by FISH in a test set of frozen tissue samples from 40 primary breast cancers. The HER2 status was subsequently studied in another validation set of 306 tumors, where Q-PCR and RNA-EP results were compared with previously carried out IHC that we had validated by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). RESULTS: Q-PCR and RNA-EP offered similar sensitivity (90% versus 77%), specificity (93% versus 95%), and negative (99% versus 98%) and positive (63% versus 61%) predictive values for HER2 determinations. Analyses of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival on the basis of 5 and 10 years of follow-up indicated equivalent hazard ratios for all three techniques. In contrast to IHC/CISH, both Q-PCR and RNA-EP analyses of HER2 also gave statistically significant results regarding RFS and breast cancer-corrected survival after 10 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The use of RNA-EP and Q-PCR to analyze HER2 in frozen and formalin-fixed breast cancer samples may be an alternate approach to IHC in combination with FISH/CISH.
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- Bergqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of clinical and sociodemographic factors on survival, resource use and lead times in patients with high-grade gliomas : a population-based register study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuro-Oncology. - : Springer. - 0167-594X .- 1573-7373. ; 139:3, s. 599-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies indicate an effect of sociodemographic factors on risk for being diagnosed with, as well as on survival of cancer in general. Our primary aim was to analyse sociodemographic factors, resource use and lead times in health care after diagnosis with high grade malignant glioma (HGG) in a large population based cohort.Methods: A register-based study using several unique high-coverage registries. All patients over the age of 18 diagnosed with HGG in the Swedish Stockholm-Gotland region between 2001 and 2013 (n=1149) were included.Results: In multivariable cox proportional hazard model of survival, older age, male sex and high tumour grade were associated with worse survival. No significant differences could be seen related to country of birth. A high disposable income was associated with better survival and fewer occasions of pre-diagnostic inpatient care. Older age and comorbidities were correlated with a significantly increased number of outpatient visits the year before HGG diagnosis. In addition, male sex, being born outside Sweden was associated to a higher number of outpatient visits the year after diagnosis in multivariable analysis. Leadtime from diagnosis (first suspicion on brain scan) to surgery showed that the oldest patients, patients with comorbidity and patients born outside Europe had to wait longer for surgery.Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors like education, income and country of birth have impact on care processes both before and after the diagnosis HGG. This needs to be acknowledged in addition to important clinical factors like age, comorbidity and tumour grade, in order to accomplish more equal cancer care.
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- Bäckstrand, Jenny, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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How are we doing? – Taking the pulse on collaboration
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SPARK is the research and educational environment at the School of Engineering at Jönköping University focusing on knowledge intensive product realization. SPARK ECG is our process for measuring and ensuring consensus and co-production between researchers and their industrial partners.
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