| 1. |
- Bergqvist, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Adoption of lean philosophy in car dismantling companies in Sweden-a case study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 2351-9789. ; 25, s. 620-627
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At present, Lean manufacturing techniques are widely used in industries to improve the productivity by reducing different types of wastes. A case study has been conducted to investigate how Lean techniques can contribute in car dismantling companies in Sweden. This study gained insight of how car dismantling companies can be benefitted by adopting Lean philosophy. Some eccentric characteristics of this business which act as boundary condition for implementing Lean in Production Planning and control system were also identified.
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| 2. |
- Bergqvist, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Adipocytes Under Obese-Like Conditions Change Cell Cycle Distribution and Phosphorylation Profiles of Breast Cancer Cells : The Adipokine Receptor CAP1 Matters
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity and associated metabolic conditions impact adipocyte functionality with potential consequences for breast cancer risk and prognosis, but contributing mechanisms remain to be understood. The adipokine receptor adenylyl cyclase-associated protein-1 (CAP1) has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer, but results are conflicting and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, molecular and cellular effects in breast cancer cells by stimulation of adipocytes under normal or obese-like conditions, and potential involvement of CAP1, were assessed. Material and Methods: Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive T47D and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were exposed to adipocyte-secretome from adipocytes placed under pressures mimicking normal and obese-like metabolic conditions. Changes in phosphorylated kinase proteins and related biological pathways were assessed by phospho-antibody array and PANTHER analysis, cell proliferation were investigated through sulforhodamine B, cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Functional effects of CAP1 were subsequently examined following small interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown. Results: Protein phosphorylations involved in important biological processes were enriched in T47D breast cancer cells in response to adipocyte secretome from obese-like compared with normal conditions. The obesity-associated adipocyte secretome further stimulated cell proliferation and a shift from cell cycle G1-phase to S- and G2/M-phase was observed. Silencing of CAP1 decreased cell proliferation in both T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells, and reduced the obesity-associated secretome-induction of phosphoproteins involved in cell proliferation pathways. Conclusions: These results indicate that the adipocyte secretome and CAP1 are mechanistically important for the proliferation of both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells, and potential signaling mediators were identified. These studies provide biological insight into how obesity-associated factors could affect breast cancer.
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| 3. |
- Bergqvist, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of tumor-specific CAP1 expression and body constitution on clinical outcomes in patients with early breast cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity induces molecular changes that may favor tumor progression and metastatic spread, leading to impaired survival outcomes in breast cancer. Adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), an actin regulatory protein and functional receptor for the obesity-associated adipokine resistin, has been implicated with inferior cancer prognosis. Here, the objective was to investigate the interplay between body composition and CAP1 tumor expression regarding breast cancer outcome through long-term survival analyses. Methods: Among 718 women with primary invasive breast cancer within the large population-based prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, tumor-specific CAP1 levels were assessed following thorough antibody validation and immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue microarrays. Antibody specificity and functional application validity were determined by CAP1 gene silencing, qRT-PCR, Western immunoblotting, and cell microarray immunostaining. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival differences in terms of breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) according to body composition and CAP1 expression. Results: Study participants were followed for up to 25 years (median 10.9 years), during which 239 deaths were observed. Patients with low CAP1 tumor expression were older at diagnosis, displayed anthropometric measurements indicating a higher adiposity status (wider waist and hip, higher body mass index and body fat percentage), and were more prone to have unfavorable tumor characteristics (higher histological grade, higher Ki67, and estrogen receptor (ER) negativity). Overall, patients with CAP1-low tumors had impaired BCSS (adjusted hazard ratio: HRadj = 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.88) and OS (HRadj = 0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.92) compared with patients having high CAP1 tumor expression. Further, analyses stratified according to different anthropometric measures or ER status showed that the CAP1-associated survival outcomes were most pronounced among patients with low adiposity status or ER-positive disease. Conclusions: Low CAP1 tumor expression was associated with higher body fatness and worse survival outcomes in breast cancer patients with effect modification by adiposity and ER status. CAP1 could be a novel marker for poorer survival outcome in leaner or ER-positive breast cancer patients, highlighting the need for considering body constitution in clinical decision making.
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| 4. |
- Bergqvist, Malin
(författare)
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Obesity, Adipocytes and Breast Cancer – Insights from Translational Studies
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Being overweight is becoming the new normal, and more than half of the adult Swedish population is overweight which poses a risk to public health. Overweight and obese women have both an increased risk and a worse prognosis for breast cancer, compared with women of normal weight. The breast cancer incidence in Sweden is increasing, and about one in nine women will be diagnosed with breast cancer during her lifetime. Adipose tissue is in close proximity to tumor cells in the breast microenvironment, and excess body fat and an altered metabolic state may lead to local and systemic molecular changes favoring tumor progression. The underlying biological mechanisms, however, are still not fully understood. The overall objective of this thesis was to bring new insights into the biological processes linking obesity to breast cancer, both through preclinical experimental studies of the interactions of adipocytes and breast cancer cells, as well as through epidemiological studies of women and their body constitution in relation to breast cancer risk and subsequent clinical outcome. Methods: In Paper I-II, an in vitro model mimicking the microenvironment in normal- and obese-like breast cancer patients was established. Effects of the adipocytes secretome on breast cancer cell morphology, proliferation, and motility were investigated. The adipokine secretome was analyzed by proteome profiler array for putative biological mediators. The phosphorylation patterns of protein kinases in breast cancer cells in response to normal- and obese-like adipocyte secretome were analyzed and potential signaling pathways highlighted. The adipokine receptor CAP1 was silenced using small interfering RNA knockdown. In Paper I, the association between CAP1 mRNA expression, in a set of 1,881 breast cancer patients and prognosis were investigated. In Paper III, tumor-specific CAP1 protein expression in 718 primary breast cancers from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) were analyzed with immunohistochemistry in relation to body constitution and breast cancer outcome. In Paper IV, prediagnostic NLR levels, body constitution and risk of breast cancer was explored among the 16,459 women in MDCS.Results: In Paper I-II: Adipokines induced a more aggressive phenotype, higher proliferation, increased motility, and induced phosphorylation of proteins within key cellular processes in the breast cancer cells, effects that were more pronounced in obese-like conditions compared with normal-like. In a panel of adipokines, resistin was found upregulated in the adipocyte secretome during obese-like conditions. The receptor for resistin, CAP1 had a higher mRNA expression in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells and was associated with shorter overall and relapse-free survival among breast cancer patients. Knockdown of CAP1 decreased the breast cancer cell proliferation and reduced the expression of the majority of phosphokinases. In Paper III, low tumor-specific CAP1 protein expression in patients was associated with older age at diagnosis, higher adiposity, unfavorable tumor characteristics, and poor breast cancer-specific and overall survival compared to women with tumors of high expression. In Paper IV, high prediagnostic NLR was associated with established breast cancer risk factors at study inclusion, but not with breast cancer risk overall, nor by specific tumor characteristics or by body constitution. Conclusion/Implications: Adipocyte secretome stimulates molecular and cellular features in breast cancer cell associated with tumor progression. The adipokine receptor CAP1 displayed a divergent role for breast cancer prognosis where high CAP1 gene expression and low tumor-specific CAP1 protein level were associated with poor breast cancer prognosis. Prediagnostic NLR was not associated with overall breast cancer risk. Further studies regarding adipokines’ roles in obesity-related breast cancer, the posttranslational regulation of CAP1, and studies of NLR in terms of potential short-term effects on breast cancer risk are needed.
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| 5. |
- Bergqvist, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Analys av flyktingfrågan – vad är det vi vill att eleverna ska kunna göra när de analyserar flyktingsituationen, och vad i vår undervisning möjliggör det?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Lärarnas forskningskonferens 31 oktober 2017. ; , s. 24-25
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I samhällskunskap undervisas elever i frågor om hur olika samhällen är organiserade och strukturerade, om värden och värdefrågor samt om hur man kan analysera, kritiskt granska och dra relevanta slutsatser om argument i samhällsfrågor. Undervisningen utgår ofta från de dagsaktuella frågor som på- verkar vårt samhälle just nu. En av dessa samhällsfrågor är det faktum att många människor under en längre tid flytt i båt över Medelhavet, en farofylld flykt som medför stora risker och en osäker framtid. Projektets utgångspunkt är denna aktuella flyktingsituation - varför så många flyr, varför andra stannar kvar och hur individer och samhälle påverkas av flyktingsituationen, idag och i den nära framtiden. Vad är det man kan när man kan analysera flyktingsituationen – om man går i ettan, i sexan, i åttan, eller första året på gymnasiet? Hur kan vi undervisa kring detta i samhällskunskap för att utveckla elevernas förmåga att analysera flyktingsituationen? Det här är ett aktuellt och viktigt ämnesområde, och kunnandet som undersöks (förmågan att analysera en samhällsfråga) är grundläggande för samhällskunskap. Samtidigt saknas nästan helt svensk forskning om elevers lärande i interaktion med läraren i undervisning på området (Olsson, 2016, s. 71). Internationell forskning har främst fokuserat hur elevers idéer om samhällsfrågor relaterar till social bakgrund och kulturell identitet (Barton & Avery, 2016), medan forskning som syftar till att beskriva innebörden av elevers samhällskunskapskunnande saknas. I ett större ram-projekt som påbörjades 2015 av SO-nätverket inom Stockholm Teaching & Learning Studies undersöks elevers förmåga att analysera i ämnet samhällskunskap. Syftet med ramprojektet är att bidra till att elevers analysförmåga preciseras och att vi på så vis utvecklar kunskap om hur denna förmåga kan möjliggöras genom undervisning. Symposiet presenterar tre delprojekt som inom ramen för den övergripande studien om innebörden av analysförmågan i samhällskunskap undersöker innebörden av och undervisning för elevers förmåga att analysera situationen med flyktingströmmarna från Syrien till Europa. Tre lärarlag från olika undervisningsstadier – låg- och mellanstadiet, högstadiet och gymnasiet – har under läsåret 2016/2017 utformat och studerat undervisning för elever i årskurs 1 och 6, i årskurs 8 och i gymnasiets år 1. I delprojekten har elevers erfarande av flyktingsituationen och deras sätt att analysera denna kartlagts och analyserats fenomenografiskt (Marton, 1981; Larsson, 1986). Lärargrupperna har därefter utgått från resultaten av dessa kartläggningsanalyser för att med hjälp av variationsteori (Lo, 2012; Marton, 2014) utforma, pröva och revidera undervisning för att möjliggöra elevers utvecklande av förmågan att analysera flyktingsituationen. Varje delstudie har genomfört två cykler av planering, genomförande och analys av forskningslektioner med åtföljande för- och eftertest (jfr. Learning Study). Elevmaterial i form av skriftliga kartläggningar och inspelade och transkriberade lektioner/ gruppdiskussioner har analyserats för att identifiera kritiska aspekter (Marton 2014; Pang & Ki, 2016) av förmågan att analysera flyktingsituationen som behöver fokuseras i undervisning. Under symposiet presenteras de gemensamma utgångspunkterna och frågeställningarna, samt de tre delprojektens olika undervisningsinterventioner och analyser. Sammanfattningsvis diskuteras vilka likheter och skillnader som tycks finnas mellan olika skolstadier när det gäller att kunna analysera frågan om flyktingströmmarna över Medelhavet och kritiska aspekter av att kunna göra detta i olika undervisningskontexter.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of living arrangements and coparenting quality for young children's mental health after parental divorce : a cross-sectional parental survey
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Paediatrics Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2399-9772. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Parental separation has been associated with adverse child mental health outcomes in the literature. For school-aged children, joint physical custody (JPC), that is, spending equal time in both parents’ homes after a divorce, has been associated with better health and well-being than single care arrangements. Preschool children’s well-being in JPC is less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of living arrangements and coparenting quality with mental health in preschool children after parental separation.Methods This cross-sectional population-based study includes 12 845 three-year-old children in Sweden. Mental health was measured by parental reports of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and coparenting quality with a four-item scale. The living arrangements of the 642 children in non-intact families were categorised into JPC, living mostly with one parent and living only with one parent.Results Linear regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic confounders, showed an association between increased mental health problems and living mostly and only with one parent (B=1.18; 95% CI 0.37 to 2.00, and B=1.20; 95% CI 0.40 to 2.00, respectively), while children in intact families vs JPC did not differ significantly (B=−0.11; 95% CI −0.58 to 0.36). After adjusting the analyses for coparenting quality, differences in child mental health between the post divorce living arrangements were, however, minimal while children in intact families had more mental health problems compared with JPC (B=0.70; 95% CI 0.24 to 1.15). Factorial analysis of covariance revealed that low coparenting quality was more strongly related to mental health problems for children in intact families and JPC compared with children living mostly or only with one parent.Conclusions This study suggests that coparenting quality is a key determinant of mental health in preschool children and thus should be targeted in preventive interventions.
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| 7. |
- Hjern, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Birth order and socioeconomic disadvantage predict behavioural and emotional problems at age 3 years
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 110:12, s. 3294-3301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to describe sociodemographic and family predictors for behavioural and emotional problems in pre-schoolers.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 30,795 children in the Stockholm region whose parents had completed the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) prior to a routine visit to a well-baby clinic at age 3 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse predictors for having a high total SDQ difficulties score.Results: Young parental age and a low level of parental education predicted high total SDQ score in a stepwise pattern. Being a first-born child was associated with a high SDQ score with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.10 (95% C.I. 1.84-2.41), compared with having older siblings. A sole physical custody arrangement predicted a high total SDQ score after parental separation. The percentage of children with a high total SDQ score increased with the Care Need Index (CNI) of the well-baby clinic.Conclusions: This study identified socioeconomic disadvantage and being the first-born child as the main predictors of poor mental health at age 3 years. Well-baby clinics with socioeconomically disadvantaged catchment areas should be provided with adequate resources and methods for equitable prevention.
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| 8. |
- Hjern, Anders, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Child behaviour is a main concern for parents of 3-year-olds
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to describe parental concerns about child health and behaviour and their sociodemographic predictors in 3-year-olds, in relation to the national guidelines of well-baby clinics.Methods: The study included parents of 33 526 children in Stockholm who had completed a questionnaire prior to a routine visit to a well-baby clinic at age 3 years. Multivariate regression was used to analyse predictors for concerns.Results: Child behaviour problems, defined as defiance and problem with adherence to daily routines, were the most common parental concerns (36.4%), with poor social skills and relations being second (21.8%). Regarding development, 9.6% had concerns about speech and 4.7% about motor development. Screen use (9.5%) and being underweight (6.3%) were other common parental concerns, while lifestyle concerns regarding physical activity and overweight were rare. Parents raised about twice as many concerns for first-born children compared with younger siblings. Child behaviour and developmental concerns were more frequent in families where the mother had primary education only and attended a well-baby clinic with a high Care Need Index.Conclusion: Parents' concerns reflected the national guidelines about child development and behaviour, but not its emphasis on a healthy lifestyle.
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| 9. |
- Jägerskog, Ann-Sofie, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Varför fortsätter flykten över Medelhavet? : Innebörden av att göra en kausalanalys av en samhällsfråga
- 2021
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Ingår i: Forskning om undervisning och lärande. - 2000-9674 .- 2001-6131. ; 9:2, s. 5-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna artikel bygger på en studie som undersöker vad det innebär att analysera ensamhällsfråga i samhällskunskap, en viktig del av kritiskt tänkande, och vad eleverbehöver erfara i undervisningen för att utveckla en mer kvalificerad analysförmåga.Elever från samtliga stadier i grundskolan ombads att, före och efter en lektion somfokuserade på flyktingsituationen kring Medelhavet, skriftligt besvara en fråga omorsaker till denna flykt. En fenomenografisk analys av de 233 elevsvar som genererades visade att det sätt som eleverna erfor flyktingsituationen på var tydligt kopplat tillkvalitén på deras analyser. I analysen av elevsvaren identifierades tre aspekter somtycks vara kritiska för elever att urskilja för att de ska kunna kvalificera sina kausalanalyser av en samhällsfråga. Dessa aspekter berör en samhällsfrågas dynamik,komplexiteten i kausalitet och vikten av att ta olika dimensioner i beaktande (somsamhälleliga respektive individuella dimensioner eller historiska respektive framtidadimensioner). Dessa aspekter visade sig var viktiga för elever i alla årskurser somingick i studien. Artikeln diskuterar även implikationer för undervisning.
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomy as a prognostic factor for location of death in Swedish palliative cancer patients
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Palliative Care. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-684X. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An important aspect of end-of-life care is the place of death. A majority of cancer patients prefer home death to hospital death. At the same time, the actual location of death is often against patient's last-known wish. The aim of this study was to analyze whether socioeconomic factors influence if Swedish palliative cancer patients die at home or at a hospital. There is no previous study on location of death encompassing several years in Swedish cancer patients.Methods: Data was collected from the Swedish Register of Palliative Care for patients diagnosed with brain tumor, lung, colorectal, prostate or breast cancer recorded between 2011 and 2014. The data was linked to the Swedish Cancer Register, the Cause of Death Register and the Longitudinal Integration Database for health-insurance and labor-market studies. A total of 8990 patients were included.Results: We found that marital status was the factor that seemed to affect the place of death. Lack of a partner, compared to being married, was associated with a higher likelihood of dying at a hospital.Conclusion: Our findings are in line with similar earlier studies encompassing only 1 year and based on patients in other countries. Whether inequalities at least partly explain the differences remains to be investigated. Patients dying of cancer in Sweden, who do not have a life partner, may not have the option of dying at home due to lack of informal support. Perhaps the need of extensive community support services to enable home death have to improve, and further studies are warranted to answer this question.
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